Products are often sold charged. Then you should use a 5-10 ohm resistor. We discharge the elements all together, connecting them in parallel ("+" to "+", "-" to "-").
Immediately, we note why it is extremely undesirable to install charged cells. If you insert charged cells, the device will try to charge the cells. If the charge does not go (and it will not go, because there is nowhere to go), then the system will perceive the elements as inoperative or continue charging, which can lead to rather serious consequences - laptop failure or even fire.
We perform the replacement in the following order: first, we remove unnecessary elements (it is necessary to start from the larger "+" to the smallest). New elements are placed in the reverse order - we install the element that is on the right, and first "ground", then "+", then we insert the following particles in turn. Next, you need to check the quality of the work performed and soldering.
After completing the charging procedure, we check the battery performance. The battery life should increase significantly - on average by an hour and a half.
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If everything went well, the device's performance is improved - congratulations on the end of the work!
Here are some tips for using a laptop battery to prolong battery life.
If your laptop is often powered by an external power source, it is best to remove the battery and store it separately in a cool place. But do not forget to "drive" the battery. The battery must be fully discharged and recharged at least several times a month. Otherwise, do not be surprised if, after a break in use, it refuses to work;
The display consumes a lot of power, so if you want to increase the battery life of the laptop, lower the brightness to optimal;
Wireless networks also have a big impact on battery performance. It is advisable to turn off Wi-Fi if you are not using it. Use wired channels whenever possible;
We recommend that you use the operating schemes for laptops in order to save energy. Operating systems already include designed circuits to save power. It will also help increase battery life.
Is your laptop battery still alive? You are a happy person.Played a drawer before the warranty expired? You're just lucky.
Unlike outdated nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) and nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) cells, lithium cells tend to die in an instant. Yesterday it worked, and today the laptop turns on from the battery for a split second, when you try to charge for a couple of minutes, the yellow indicator lights up, then the charging turns off, and the software monitoring of the battery reports its death. Buying a new battery is the best option, but expensive, and even if your laptop is not from IBM or a similar level of brand, it is not a fact that you will find it. In Moscow there are firms that re-solder lithium cells in batteries; for example, our gardener found one, soldered it for some measly $ 5, the battery works, but the charge indication, alas, is incorrect (the battery controller is individually configured by the factory for the installed elements, but the firm cannot do this). I will try to propose a method of repairing a laptop battery with my own hands, which is devoid of this drawback.
We have already written before that cylindrical lithium cells contain an opener that is triggered when the pressure inside the cell rises. It is this breaker that is most often the cause of battery failure. The breaker does not return to normal after being triggered, but you and I do not live in America, but you yourself know where.
Along the way, I will make an assumption about the reason for the protection operation. The pressure inside the cell can rise either due to abnormal operation of the charging circuit (which is unlikely and ultimately requires replacement of the entire battery), or due to overheating. Overheating during the charging process is, perhaps, excluded - the battery controller should monitor its absence. Overheating remains during discharge, that is, a large load on the battery, coupled with a high ambient temperature (or simply storage, again at a high temperature). But this is just a guess.
Laptop battery repair technology is applicable to 16550 type cylindrical lithium cells and similar in construction. So, the battery will have to be opened. It all depends on your patience, accuracy and strength of gluing (and the case of all batteries is glued). We separate the halves exactly along the seam, without thrusting the tool deep into the battery, especially from the connector side. If the case is open and the fingers are intact, go to step two.
To determine a faulty element of four or six (rarely eight), you will need a tester or multimeter. If the battery has expired a long time ago, there may be more than one faulty cell, and, accordingly, there will be more work. We crawl to the contact pads and measure the voltage on the elements: for normal ones it is 3.9-4.1 V, for faulty ones - several millivolts (if there are six or more cells in the battery, check that there are no parallel-connected ones - for diagnostics they will have to be disconnected ).
Disconnect the defective element from the battery (usually it is spot-welded to metal strips, they can be carefully torn off). Now our task is to get to the breaker, and it is located under the positive cover. Here you can use a knife, side cutters or other handy tool to open the "tin can" at least halfway. But again: do not stick the tool deeply - you can short-circuit the element contacts or break the tightness. Under the cover you will see an aluminum membrane, sometimes flat, sometimes convex. And it should be concave. It is to this initial state that it must be brought, using some not too sharp plastic object (close the element with a metal). It is necessary to press in the membrane gently so as not to pierce it through, and along the way, you can control the voltage at the terminals of the element. As soon as it jumps to the set 4 V, for reliability, tighten the membrane a little more. It remains to close the "canning lid" and solder the contact strips to the element, trying not to overheat the latter, otherwise the membrane will be squeezed back.And of course - to return everything to the plastic case, gluing it along the seam with dichloroethane.
In this topic, lay out the software necessary for repairing the battery, information that you need to know during repair, typical malfunctions and other necessary information, do not ask questions in this topic.
Laptop battery. Accumulator battery (other names: battery, battery) - this is one of the main devices that distinguish a laptop from a desktop machine, although this does not affect the operation of a laptop as such, but still everyone wants to have a working battery, at least so as not to turn off the laptop go from the room to the kitchen.
Let's see what kind of batteries are in principle:
The emergence of NiMH is due to an attempt to overcome the disadvantages of nickel-cadmium batteries.
Another type of popular battery is Lithium Polymer. The difference from Li-ion lies in the name itself and lies in the type of electrolyte used, it is assumed that a dry solid polymer electrolyte is used, however, today technologies do not allow such an element to be made, therefore, a gel is used
The aforementioned danger of overcharging means the following: overcharging can lead to an increase in cell pressure and leakage. Therefore, the safety of battery operation is always ensured by an external electronic protection system against overcharging and overdischarging of individual batteries. It includes controllers that measure the voltage of each battery or block of parallel-connected batteries, and a switch for opening the electrical circuit when the voltage limits are reached. Thermistors are used to monitor the temperature of the battery.
Another disadvantage of Li-ion batteries is the fear of a strong discharge (overdischarge). The aforementioned protection circuit is powered directly from the batteries, and therefore if the cells are completely discharged, the circuit stops working and the cells are not charged, in addition, a deep discharge negatively affects the internal structure of the cells themselves. It is believed that the optimal range for the operation of li-ion cells is 20-100% of the charge, the output below 20% leads to faster aging of the cells.
The service life of Li-ion cells is calculated not only in years of service, but also in charge-discharge cycles, as a rule, until the capacity is reduced by 20%, they provide 500 - 1000 cycles. The further behavior of the elements is rather difficult to predict due to the large number of cells in the battery, most often there is a gradual decrease in capacity, sometimes abruptly, so the protection system keeps track of the number of cycles. On older models of batteries, when a certain cycle value was reached, the protection system closed the battery, and it was not possible to use it. The ability to close the battery when a certain number of cycles is reached remains today, just the number of cycles prescribed in the battery is large enough, and the aging of the elements, and therefore the drop in capacity, occurs earlier. As a rule, the counter value can be reset to zero, but do not forget that using such a battery is somewhat unsafe, the cells in the battery age unevenly, which means that they are also charged and discharged unevenly.
There is another difficulty associated with the counter, what is to be counted as a charge-discharge cycle? Full discharge and full charge? But it is not recommended to completely discharge it. And whether to read a short-term disconnection from the network in a loop? Most modern batteries do not charge if the current charge is more than 90-95%, this avoids unnecessarily high rates of charge-discharge cycles. The figure 90% -95% is relative - on some laptops it can be edited with special utilities.
As for the storage conditions, there is no unambiguous information on this issue, the most common is the opinion that it is necessary to store at a charge of 40% periodically (once every two to three months) recharging to this value.
In general, Li-ion batteries perform best at room temperature. Operation at elevated temperatures dramatically shortens their lifespan.
At low temperatures, battery performance decreases. A temperature of minus 20 ° C is the limit at which Li-ion batteries cease to function.
Battery repair is required in two cases:
2. The battery does not hold at all. Again, there are two options:
As you can see, there are few problems, and there are also few solutions.
Option b) New elements are definitely needed. 4-6-8-9-12 cell battery - accordingly 4-6-8-9-12 new cells are needed. Just replacing a dead group won't help. Why? The old elements have one capacity, the new one will have a different one. Accordingly, a disbalance will appear on the groups of elements, and the electronics will simply turn off this battery.
Means:
4. It is necessary to disconnect the elements from the electronics from the greater plus to the smallest. This can be determined visually in most cases. If it doesn't work, arm yourself with a tester.
5. Before welding the elements, connect them all together at night: all the pluses to the pluses, the minuses to the minuses. This is necessary to equalize the potential on the banks.
6. The battery is opened, new elements are purchased, welded like the old ones, the old ones are removed. In theory, all that remains is to solder the new elements to the electronics, and hurray. No, no hurray. It's all about the same electronics. She remembers everything about your old elements - the number of cycles performed, the capacity of the elements, etc. If your battery had a capacity of 4000mAh, and after a year or two or three of its operation its capacity became 200mAh, then even if you substitute new elements into the battery, the electronics "will not believe". The conviction of electronics that it has new elements is called flashing (reset, zeroing) the firmware. What tools are used to do this, see the heading "HARD - hardware that is needed to repair laptop batteries"
7. Now you need to determine which bundle you will be dealing with. The term "bundle" appeared due to the fact that, as a rule, a pair of microcircuits is used on electronics: a control controller and a memory in which various useful data are recorded. There are batteries that have only memory on the electronics, or only a controller. But out of habit, we will continue to call them "bundle". Look carefully at the electronics board. The controller is usually the largest microcircuit on the board. Memory, as a rule, is an 8-pin microcircuit, such as the 24C64,24C32 series and the like.
eight.The bundle was identified. Now the question is what and where to change in order to reset the firmware. Some controller manufacturers do not hide this information, and describe everything in detail in datasheets. After reading and understanding the datasheet for your controller, you will know what and what needs to be changed. In some cases, battery manufacturers hide information, and it is extracted bit by bit. But then it is embodied in programs that can be used for repairs.
11. So, if the goal is achieved: the laptop runs on battery for the prescribed hour or two or three (like new), the charge and discharge curve is uniform - then we can be proud of ourselves and consider that we have achieved success.
Video (click to play).
Read SMbus data via laptop battery connector.
