Often products are sold charged. Then you should use a 5-10 ohm resistor. We discharge the elements all together, connecting them in parallel (“+” to “+”, “-” to “-”).
We note right away why it is extremely undesirable to install charged elements. If you insert charged cells, the device will attempt to charge the cells. If the charge does not go (and it will not go, because there is nowhere else), then the system will perceive the elements as inoperable or continue charging, which can lead to quite serious consequences - failure of the laptop or even fire.
We perform the replacement in the following order: first we remove unnecessary elements (you need to start from the larger “+” to the smaller). New elements are placed in the reverse order - we install the element that is on the right, and first “ground”, then “+”, then insert the following particles in turn. Next, you need to check the quality of the work performed and soldering.
After the completion of the charging procedure, we check the performance of the battery. Battery life should improve significantly - an average of one and a half hours.
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If everything went well, the performance of the device has been increased - congratulations on the end of the work!
Here are some tips for using the battery on a laptop in order to extend its performance.
If your laptop is often powered by an external power source, it is best to remove the battery and store it separately in a cool place. But do not forget to "drive" the battery. At least a few times a month, it is necessary to fully discharge and charge the battery. Otherwise, do not be surprised if after a break in use it refuses to work;
The display consumes a lot of charge, so if you want to increase the battery life of the laptop, reduce the brightness to the optimum;
Wireless networks also have a big impact on battery life. It is advisable to turn off Wi-Fi when not in use. If possible, use wired channels;
We recommend that you use notebook workflows to conserve power. Operating systems already include designed schemes to conserve power. This will also help increase battery life.
Do you still have a laptop battery? You are a happy person.Played in the box before the warranty expired? You are just lucky.
Unlike older nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) and nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, lithium cells tend to die in an instant. Yesterday it worked, and today the laptop from the battery turns on for a fraction of a second, when you try to charge it, the yellow indicator lights up for a couple of minutes, then the charging turns off, and the software monitoring of the battery reports its death. Buying a new battery is the best way out, but expensive, and even if your laptop is not from IBM or a similar brand level, you won’t be able to find it. In Moscow, there are firms that solder lithium cells in batteries; for example, our gardener found one, soldered it for some miserable $ 5, the battery works, but the charge indication, alas, is incorrect (the battery controller is individually configured by the factory for the installed elements, but the company does not know how to do this). I will try to offer a method for repairing a laptop battery with my own hands, devoid of this drawback.
We once wrote that cylindrical lithium cells contain a circuit breaker, which is activated when the pressure inside the cell rises. It is this circuit breaker that most often causes the battery to fail. The circuit breaker does not return to its normal state after operation, but you and I do not live in America, but you know where.
Along the way, I will make an assumption about the reason for the operation of the protection. The pressure inside the cell can rise either due to abnormal operation of the charging circuit (which is unlikely and ultimately requires the entire battery to be replaced), or due to overheating. Overheating during the charging process, perhaps, is excluded - the battery controller should monitor its absence. There remains overheating during discharging, that is, a large load on the battery, coupled with a high ambient temperature (or simply storage, again at a high temperature). But this is just a guess.
Notebook battery repair technology is applicable to 16550 type cylindrical lithium cells and similar designs. So, the battery will have to be opened. It all depends on your patience, accuracy and strength of gluing (and the body of all batteries is glued). We separate the halves exactly along the seam, without putting the tool deep into the battery, especially from the side of the connector. If both the case is opened and the fingers are intact, go to step two.
To determine a faulty element out of four or six (rarely eight), you will need a tester or multimeter. If the battery has expired a long time ago, there may be more than one defective cells, and, accordingly, there will be more work. We crawl to the contact pads and measure the voltage on the elements: for normal ones it is 3.9–4.1 V, for faulty ones it is several millivolts (if there are six or more cells in the battery, check that there are no parallel connected ones - for diagnostics they will have to be disconnected ).
We disconnect the defective element from the battery (usually it is spot-welded to metal strips, they can be carefully torn off). Now our task is to get to the circuit breaker, and it is under the positive cover. Here you can use a knife, side cutters or other improvised tools to open the “tin can” at least half. But again: do not stick the tool deep - you can close the contacts of the element or break the tightness. Under the lid you will see an aluminum membrane, sometimes flat, sometimes convex. And it should be concave. It is to this initial state that it must be brought using some not too sharp plastic object (close the element with a metal one). It is necessary to press the membrane gently so as not to pierce it through, and along the way, you can control the voltage at the terminals of the element. As soon as it jumps to the required 4 V, for reliability, tighten the membrane a little more. It remains to close the “can lid” and solder the contact strips to the element, trying not to overheat the latter, otherwise the membrane will be squeezed back out.And of course - to return everything to the plastic case, gluing it along the seam with dichloroethane.
In this topic, lay out the software necessary for repairing the battery, the information you need to know during repairs, typical malfunctions and other necessary information, do not ask questions in this topic.
Laptop battery. Accumulator battery (other names: battery, battery) - this is one of the main devices that distinguishes a laptop from a desktop machine, although this does not affect the operation of the laptop as such, but still you still want to have a working battery, if only so that you do not turn off the laptop move from the room to the kitchen.
Let's see what kind of batteries are in principle:
The emergence of NiMH is due to an attempt to overcome the shortcomings of nickel-cadmium batteries.
Another type of popular battery is Lithium Polymer. The difference from Li-ion lies in the name itself and lies in the type of electrolyte used, it is understood that a dry solid polymer electrolyte is used, but today technologies do not allow such an element to be made, therefore gel
The danger of overcharging mentioned above means the following: overcharging can lead to an increase in pressure in the cell and depressurization. Therefore, the safety of battery operation is always ensured by an external electronic protection system against overcharging and overdischarging individual batteries. It includes controllers that measure the voltage of each battery or a block of batteries connected in parallel, and a key to open the electrical circuit when the voltage limits are reached. Thermistors are used to control the battery temperature.
Another disadvantage of Li-ion batteries is the fear of a strong discharge (overdischarge). The aforementioned protection circuit is powered directly from the batteries, and therefore if the cells are completely discharged, the circuit stops working and the cells do not charge, in addition, a deep discharge negatively affects the internal structure of the cells themselves. It is believed that the optimal range for the operation of li-ion cells is 20-100% of the charge, an output below 20% leads to faster aging of the cells.
The service life of Li-ion cells is calculated not only in years of service, but also in charge-discharge cycles, as a rule, until the capacity decreases by 20%, they provide 500 - 1000 cycles. It is rather difficult to predict the further behavior of the cells due to the large number of cells in the battery, most often there is a gradual decrease in capacity, sometimes abruptly, so the protection system keeps track of the number of cycles. On older battery models, when a certain cycle value was reached, the protection system closed the battery, and it was not possible to use it. The possibility of closing the battery when a certain number of cycles is reached remains today, just the number of cycles prescribed in the battery is large enough, and the aging of the elements, and hence the drop in capacity, occurs earlier. As a rule, the counter value can be reset, but do not forget that using such a battery is somewhat unsafe, the elements in the battery age unevenly, which means that they are also charged and discharged unevenly.
Another difficulty is connected with the counter, what should be considered as a charge-discharge cycle? Full discharge and full charge? But it is not recommended to completely discharge. And whether to read the cycle of a short-term disconnection from the network? Most modern batteries do not charge if the charge is currently more than 90-95%, this avoids unnecessarily high rates of charge-discharge cycles. The figure of 90% -95% is arbitrary - on some laptops it can be edited with special utilities.
As for storage conditions, there is no unambiguous information on this issue, the most common opinion is that it is necessary to store at a charge of 40% periodically (every two to three months) recharging to this value.
In general, Li-ion batteries perform best at room temperature. Working at elevated temperatures dramatically reduces their service life.
At low temperatures, battery efficiency decreases. A temperature of minus 20°C is the limit at which Li-ion batteries stop functioning.
Battery repair is required in two cases:
2. The battery does not hold at all. There are two options again:
As you can see, there are few problems and few solutions.
Option b) Definitely need new elements. 4-6-8-9-12 cell battery - respectively, you need 4-6-8-9-12 new cells. Simply replacing a dead group will not help. Why? The old elements have one capacity, the new one will have a different one. Accordingly, an imbalance will appear on groups of elements, and the electronics will simply turn off this battery.
Means:
4. Disconnect the elements from the electronics from a larger plus to a smaller one. In most cases, this can be determined visually. If it doesn’t work out, arm yourself with a tester.
5. Before welding the elements, connect them all together overnight: all pluses to pluses, minuses to minuses. This is necessary to equalize the potential on the banks.
6. The battery is opened, new elements are bought, welded in the likeness of the old ones, the old ones are removed. In theory, it remains only to solder new elements to the electronics, and cheers. No, not cheers. It's all about the electronics. It remembers everything about your old cells - the number of cycles performed, the capacity of the elements, etc. If your battery had a capacity of 4000 mAh, and after a year or two or three years of operation, its capacity became 200 mAh, then even if you substitute new elements in the battery, the electronics will not believe it. The belief of electronics that it has new elements is called flashing (resetting, resetting) the firmware. For what tools this is done, see the heading "HARD - the iron that is needed to repair laptop batteries"
7. Now you need to determine which bundle you will be dealing with. The term "bundle" appeared due to the fact that, as a rule, a pair of microcircuits is used on electronics: a control controller and a memory in which various useful data are recorded. There are batteries on the electronics of which there is only memory, or only a controller. But out of habit, we will continue to call them the "bunch". Look closely at the electronics board. The controller is usually the largest chip on the board. Memory is, as a rule, an 8-pin microcircuit, for example, series 24C64, 24C32 and the like.
8. The ligament was identified. Now the question is what and where to change in order to reset the firmware. Some controller manufacturers do not hide this information, and everything is described in detail in datasheets. By reading and understanding the datasheet for your controller, you will know what needs to be changed and to what. In some cases, battery manufacturers hide information, and it is mined bit by bit. But then it is embodied in programs that can be used for repairs.
11. So, if the goal is achieved: the laptop runs on battery power for an hour or two or three (like new), the charge and discharge curve is uniform - then we can be proud of ourselves and consider that we have achieved success.
Video (click to play).
Reading SMbus data via laptop battery connector.
