In detail: do-it-yourself electric meat grinder repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
While scrolling the meat, a medium-sized bone accidentally fell into the meat grinder, after which it began to hum, but stopped rotating.
It is easy and simple to disassemble the meat grinder, for this in the lower part of the case you need to unscrew four screws with an ordinary Phillips screwdriver, after which it is very easy to remove the casing. After that, we remove the large gear by picking up and removing the split fixing washer in front of these.
When I examined the gear, I noticed that many of the plastic teeth were worn off. I had to change it, because I didn't want to pay 500 rubles for a new gear, I printed it on a 3D printer. Collected in reverse order, everything works
After they put crackers in the meat grinder, it began to crack and after a while stopped twisting, I had to carefully disassemble it in order to identify and eliminate the malfunction.
Disassembly is quite simple, first we remove the front gray panel of the latch from below, then we unscrew the five screws and separate the halves. Now you can clearly see the motor and the gearbox housing
We unscrew the four self-tapping screws on the gearbox housing and open it. We see broken teeth at the largest gear. It was not possible to find them on sale.Therefore, they were borrowed from the VITEK meat grinder, although the hexagon axis had to be slightly sharpened and the auger had a seat.
The meat grinder seems to be working, but at the same time it makes extraneous noise and sometimes pops, there were no such sounds before.
In order to repair the meat grinder, you will need to determine the source of the problem and disassemble the electric meat grinder.First of all, we will unscrew the screws, which are marked with red arrows in the figures below.
Video (click to play).
Now we separate our disassembly object into two pieces and see that it consists of two main units: a gearbox, in which plastic gears are installed, and an electric motor, thanks to which rotational movements are carried out.
Now you can disassemble the gearbox to check the gears and the engine.
After that, remove the gear cover. Plastic gears are installed each on its own rod. Remember the location of the gears, or better yet, take pictures of them if they differ from our image.
After dismantling the gears from the rods and examining them, I found fractures of plastic teeth on the smallest of them. The breakdown is unpleasant, because to repair the meat grinder, you will need to replace the gear, but it will not be so easy to find it, because you need to find either exactly the same killed device, or order its manufacture from a familiar machine operator. You can also try to order different sets with similar elements from China, but it is not a fact that you will get there.
In many models, the clutch is a calculated weak link, which must break first when the mechanism is jammed, so that the gears of the reducer and the electric motor remain intact. This sleeve breaks off only when it is sufficiently hard to jam. Such protection is relevant for meat grinders of almost all firms in which the gears of the gearbox are made of plastic. If overloaded in some models, the gear teeth can be ripped off. This will lead to more expensive repairs. And in this case, you can do it yourself by changing the special bushing, which is usually in stock.
The electric Zelmer meat grinder is, of course, more convenient in our household use compared to a simple mechanical meat grinder.
The electrical circuit of the meat grinder can be attributed to simpler circuits.
Zelmer electric meat grinder
As with every household appliance, the meat grinder has its own causes of malfunctions:
untimely care;
power surge;
mechanical damage
and other reasons. What can be attributed to untimely care? - Poor sharpening of the cutting edge of the knives is admissible. In this example, a load is created both on the electric motor of the meat grinder and on the electric circuit of the meat grinder, at which a malfunction of both the electric motor itself and the capacitor in the electric circuit of the meat grinder can occur.
You cannot name all the reasons at once. Let's say you bought a meat grinder in the winter, brought it home and plugged it in right away. In a warm room, condensation has formed on the stator windings, - you connected it and the electric motor of the meat grinder immediately burned out. It is also necessary to pay attention to the correct use of household appliances.
The mechanical part of the electric meat grinder is shown in Fig. 1.
In general, no clarifications on this part are required. Timely it is necessary to monitor the cutting part of the knife, as well as monitor the grate so that it does not become clogged with tendons from the meat.
The photo shows the electric motor of the Zelmer meat grinder, - with a gearbox.
In this unit, the cause of a malfunction can be both a malfunction of the electric motor itself and wear of the gear transmission of gears.
Consider the electrical diagram of the Zelmer meat grinder without additional elements in Fig. 2, an explanation in this topic will be given to the main causes of malfunctions of the electric meat grinder, such as:
The two stator windings of the electric motor are offset from each other by ninety degrees. The current in winding B differs in phase from the current in winding A, due to this difference, the initial start of the rotor is ensured.
The difference in the currents of the two stator windings is created by a capacitor, namely, the current value for winding B will be greater than that for winding A. That is, the capacitor in the electrical circuit here serves to ensure the initial acceleration of the rotor.
The electric motor of the meat grinder is asynchronous, the rotor speed of which lags behind the rotation speed of the stator magnetic field.
Consider some of the causes of a malfunctioning electric meat grinder. For example, your diagnostics established a capacitor malfunction. How to choose the right capacitor?
The tolerance in the deviations of the capacitance of the capacitor is not important, since the deviations in the capacitors are insignificant. Important characteristics are the capacitance of the capacitor itself and the nominal voltage value of the capacitor.
The next reason for the malfunction is a burned out electric motor. With such a malfunction, it is easier to replace the electric motor itself, if the cost itself is more acceptable for purchase.
These parts are available from the radio store. If the capacitor you need is not on sale, the capacity of the capacitor you need can be selected from two separate capacitors, let's say two capacitors. In this example, to increase the total capacitance, two capacitors are connected in parallel.
Minor causes of malfunctions include:
break in the mains cable wire at the base of the plug;
break in the wire of the network cable along its length
A general diagnosis of all connections can be carried out - with a probe. Diagnostics of the electric motor is carried out by the Ohmmeter device or by the Multimeter device, previously set to measure the resistance of the stator windings of the electric motor.
It's easy to guess: there is an electric motor inside the meat grinder, supplemented by a rotation speed control circuit. If we put aside the cases when it is necessary to replace the protective sleeve, coupling, repairing meat grinders with our own hands concerns the knowledge of the theory, the practice of the operation of AC motors.In electric motors, collector designs are more often used by consumer electronics; in industry, asynchronous ones dominate. Newbies will ask where the authors got their information from. We answer: according to the Ariston service department, since the 90s of the last century, collector motors have been replacing asynchronous motors in the household segment. Today, the percentage of the former reaches 85 of the total. On this bright note, let's start looking at AC electrical machines and control methods.
One often hears the statement: brushed motors work equally well on AC and DC. Let's say more: the alternating current loses part of its power, passing through the stator and rotor chokes, the inductance tries to delay the frequency. 50 Hz is a bit too much for a simple lacquered wire spool. Often, the stator windings are driven out individually, as they are. You can power one. Power suffers, losses are reduced, reaching a minimum size.
How easy it is to regulate an induction motor. Found two methods used by meat grinders:
Changing the amplitude of the supply voltage.
Commutation of windings.
It is clear that the first method requires the inclusion of additional elements in the circuit. I would like to notice about this! I happened to read on the forum about the domestic speed controller of an asynchronous motor, as if there were only resistors. The author hinted at the presence of a resistive voltage divider. But! When the active element operates in a linear mode - most regulators are built by thyristors - the resistance is far from infinity or short circuit. They put radiators, protecting the semiconductor keys, we will touch on the topic below. We would like to bring to the attention of the reader: there will always be losses.
A little blood is not enough. The grinder device contains a motor with two windings, a starting capacitor, the rotor is represented by a drum, we see a 100% asynchronous motor with a squirrel cage rotor. Let's meet a circuit with switching windings. As follows. One coil is wound around the periphery, connected through a capacitor, providing the desired phase shift. The second is wound at an angle of 45 degrees around the circumference, there is no phase shift. One is divided by two unequal windings. Each can be switched on separately, in parallel (together). Gives three speeds.
Let's add asynchronous motors to the theme. The manual for the repair of meat grinders will forget to mention a trifle: a thermal fuse designed for 135 degrees is often placed inside the windings. Foreign elements are often decorated with the letter F, the number has little to do with Fahrenheit. Unlike Elenberg transformers, where the braid honestly writes: there is a thermal fuse inside, asynchronous motors are often devoid of mention. Call the windings: one suffers a break, patiently inspect for different elements hidden between the wire. It can be difficult to do, believe me. The first glance shows only copper, the second - copper, the third - an element of protection is noticed.
The thermal fuse is found, it should be evaporated, ringing. With a positive breakage test, get a new one, solder instead of the old one. Can you guess why you can't short-circuit? Right! The next time it is not the thermal fuse that burns out - the asynchronous motor, the hassle will increase. Similar radioelements are found in many products, there are no special requirements. Surely there is a suitable specimen at the flea market. Be careful not to tinker yourself. As is the case with the regulation of the speed of induction motors. The method of dividing the voltage by a thyristor is suitable; in practice, current cut-off is used.
The supply voltage is supplied bypassing the brushes in series on the rotor and stator. The direction of movement of the shaft is determined by the direction of the windings.
The current flows through a thyristor switch controlled by the sum of the voltages.
The source of the switching signal shaping determines the complexity of the circuit. Brush motors spark. When switching sections, a back-EMF occurs. Directed opposite to power supply. Apply feedback. Through a capacitor, the back-EMF diode is added to the thyristor control electrode. The more the amplitude, the less the gateway is open. The motor starts, or the load increases - the speed decreases. The amplitude of the self-EMF becomes less, the key current increases, and the engine returns to the mode. Needless to say, how important it is to keep the speed constant, the circuits solve this problem. It is clear that part of the power is lost on the key, the inevitable payment for stability. The speed can be adjusted separately via a variable resistor. Who is interested - you will find good options here
The meat grinder is open, we begin to inspect the engine. It is necessary to measure the resistive input resistance. If a capacitor is visible in the circuit, we define it as an open circuit, it is misinterpreted, considering it a breakdown. To repair the grinder yourself, check the proposed engine type. Traditionally collector, it is easy to recognize, thanks to the characteristic drum, broken by segments, two graphite brushes are diametrically adjacent. Asynchronous motors are sold with squirrel-cage, phase-rotor options. In the first case, the rotating part is devoid of electrical contact with the stator, the power source, in the second, there is a pair of rings supplying current to the rotor windings.
The difference between an induction motor with a phase rotor - the shaft is devoid of a segmented drum, there is no pair of brushes. Repair of electric grinders is carried out according to the type of engines. The asynchronous entry is ringing anyway. The collector engine is not enough.
We will ring the section, rotate the shaft, measuring the resistance of each step. The values must be equal. The process stops - the turnover is completed. In collector motors, the stator is often made on a single coil. It is connected to the rotor by a magnetic circuit, represented by a core with wire turns. Do-it-yourself meat grinder repair will be a freebie. Even if the wire is burnt in the center, always buy a roll of a new one with lacquered insulation in the store, wind the required volume with your own hands.
They use a device formed by two pairs of racks mounted vis-a-vis on a long board. Each has a rotating axle. One holds a new spool, the other holds a coil of wire. Here you wind up the old choke to localize the break, how many turns to wind, what is the length of the wire. Most people use a handle, like an old barrel organ, it is allowed to use a screwdriver drive, a drill. Determine the speed so that it is convenient to lay the turns tightly. With the shuttle, the other hand guides the wire from side to side, from edge to edge of the spool. In conclusion, we will ring the coil and measure the electrical resistance.
Repair of induction motors is determined by the design. The stator is repairable. The configuration of the rotor windings is complex (if any). However, if there is a lot of strength, time, desire to practice, it is impossible to stop the master. Let the day be spent, the engine again works as part of the meat grinder.