Car compressor for pumping DIY repair

In detail: car compressor for pumping DIY repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

The car compressor replaces the hand and foot pump for inflating the tires. The most pleasant advantage of this device is that it is fully automated and no physical effort is required to inflate the wheel. Convenient when the compressor is always at hand, wherever you are. However, it happens that it breaks down and then repairs may be required.

Why is the compressor a necessity for the driver today? After all, there are so many service stations and tire changers around where you can pump up tires and, if necessary, make other repairs. It's simple. The wheel can be lowered anywhere, for example, in a mountainous area or in a summer cottage, far outside the city - there is not always a specialized workshop nearby. And then, it is better not to lose control over the situation and fix the problem on your own, quickly, without unnecessary expenses and hassle.

The most common cause of a car compressor malfunction is a banal blown fuse. The fuse of the block or the one located on the wire may burn out. Such a breakdown is not serious and is repaired very quickly. Moreover, spare parts for repairs can be bought in almost every store, for example here.

Also, one of the options in which the compressor fails involves damage to the power wire. It is very easy to define this nuisance. It is enough to visually examine the wire and find the place of tear or break. This problem can also be dealt with easily and quickly, for sure every man changed the plug on the iron wire.

Video (click to play).

There are more serious reasons for the inoperability of automotive compressors. For example, when a winding of an electric motor or a vibration coil catches fire, it is rarely possible to save a patient.

If you find that the compressor turns on, but does not give the desired action, that is, it does not pump air, look for a problem in the wear of the piston or PTFE ring. In this case, it will be cheaper to purchase a new autocompressor than to repair and buy new parts.

But more often than not, the problem is not acute and requires little intervention, replacement of a spare part or component. Usually this is a leaky hose, a valve worn on the nipple of a wheel, a rubber ring-gasket, brushes, nozzles.

Due to the fact that the car compressor has various attachments, it can be used not only to inflate car tires, but also for balls, inflatable boats, bicycles, etc. That is, a compressor plus nozzles is a universal device that allows you to solve several problems at once.

In order to repair a compressor, it is important to know its structure and features. So, each representative of automotive compressors is equipped with:

Electric motor;
Pressure gauge;
Cylinder;
By piston;
Other accessories (cables, brushes, gaskets, nipple, attachments).

Diaphragm and reciprocating compressors are distinguished by their design.... The principle of operation of a membrane compressor is gas compression, due to the fact that the translational movement of the membrane reduces the volume of the chamber. The diaphragm, sandwiched between the cylinder and the cover, begins to vibrate and acts like a piston.

Piston compressors are equipped with a special piston, which, when connected to the crankshaft, sucks in air masses.They are much more popular with car enthusiasts.

To provide the highest pressure, reciprocating compressors operate in staged mode. Thus, the compressed air mass is distilled from one cylinder to another by means of a cooling tube. The volume of one cylinder is deliberately larger than the second, but the latter compresses the air, increasing the efficiency of the device.

The weakest part of diaphragm compressors is the diaphragm. If foreign particles accumulate in the gas cavity of the unit. Important aspects of working with such a compressor are:

Keeping the block clean.
Elimination of moisture and dirt from entering the membrane unit.
Timely replacement of spare parts (membrane, gas valve, pressure limiter).

The most common problems with a reciprocating compressor are:

The compressor refuses to start;
There is no air discharge into the receiver, although the motor is running;
Knocks out the fuses;
Air pressure drops sharply;
Incorrect operation of the thermal protection machine;
The humidity of the air supplied by the compressor is increased;
The motor runs at increased vibrations;
The connection between the hose and the nozzle is frayed and the air is poisoning.

If the device refuses to work, you need to perform certain diagnostic actions using an indicator screwdriver. We investigate whether there is a phase, and whether voltage is applied. If everything is in order with the phase, go to checking the fuses, maybe they melted. If this is the case, then simply replace the fuse. It is important to remember that when making repairs, the installed parts must be of equal value.

After replacement, everything should work, however, it happens that the fuse blows again. This suggests a possible short circuit. Repair needed. Call the scheme. When the defective parts are installed, replace them with new, similar parts.

Compressor failure may be due to a failure in the settings of the pressure control relay. To diagnose this problem, do the following: bleed the air and restart the compressor. If you hear the sound of a running motor, reset the settings, the motor does not function, you need to replace it. Remember that with intensive thermal protection, it is necessary to cool the motor for at least 20 minutes, this will normalize the operation of the compressor.

Special attention should be paid to the situation when, when the device is turned on, both the fuse and the thermal protection fail. If the problem is only that the installed fuse is not designed for the operating power of the unit, then the repair is reduced to a simple replacement of the spare part. But if the relay is out of order, do not try to climb there yourself. In order to get a qualified repair, go to the service.

In a situation where the piston is faulty, you need to disassemble the device. When making a repair, release the air, clean the valve from dirty formations, if the pressure continues to fall - the problem is in the valve, it needs to be replaced.

With such an abundance of car dealerships and places of sale of components, your head can simply go around. Where to buy spare parts for repairs or new attachments. In principle, there is not much difference in the places of sale of spare parts. It's a matter of convenience for everyone. Someone goes to a specialized store, someone goes to the meal, and someone is convenient and profitable to order spare parts via the Internet. The taste and color as they say.

The main thing is not to run into a fake when making a purchase. Original spare parts are a guarantee of their long service. Ask for a certificate or warranty card when purchasing new compressor repair parts from a dealer.

In general, compressor repair is not difficult and can be done without the appropriate experience or qualifications. Although it is better to prevent damage in advance, simply by taking care of the equipment.

Read also: DIY Volkswagen Polo repair

Some models of autocompressors have overheating protection... For this reason, the device can turn off spontaneously, for example, during prolonged operation. But overheating of the unit can also be caused by a factory defect, especially in inexpensive models. There is a flaw in poor fit of the sleeve of the apparatus to the shirt... In this case, the heat removal from the piston unit is reduced and, as a result, the piston head and the engine overheat.

In this case, the repair of an automobile pump will consist in eliminating the gap between the sleeve and the jacket (you can use thin sheet aluminum or thermal paste). Thin sheet aluminum can be “mined” by cutting open a regular beer can. You need to wrap the sleeve with aluminum, and insert it tightly into the shirt. After these actions, the heat transfer will improve, and the compressor will stop spontaneously turning off.

Diaphragm autocompressors break very rarely... Although they are characterized by some breakdowns inherent in piston devices: damage to the power cable or blown fuse in the plug used to connect to the cigarette lighter.

But still, the main element of a tire inflation machine that can fail is membrane... Most often, it is made of rubber or other plastic material, which coarsens and becomes inelastic at low temperatures. If such an autocompressor is turned on at a low ambient temperature, then the membrane will simply break.... In this case, the repair of an automobile compressor of this type will consist in replacing the membrane.

Replacing the pressure gauge on a car compressor will be required if it fails. This gauge can be mounted separately from the unit, on the hose, or on the cylinder head.

If the pressure gauge shows incorrect values or does not work at all, it should be unscrewed, and buy similar, with appropriate thread and scale.

In some cases, it can be difficult to find the right device. It is easy to get out of this situation: purchase a pressure gauge for a car compressor and tee with matching thread... Attach a pressure gauge with a tee to the end of the hose as shown in the following photos.

The main purpose of an air compressor is gas compression and continuous supply of a jet of air under pressure to pneumatic equipment and pneumatic tools. Such air is an energy carrier and ensures the operation of spray guns, airbrushes, wrenches, and a tire inflation gun.
Image - Car compressor for pumping DIY repair

air compressor

The listed pneumatic tool is safer to work with than a power tool, for example. The pneumatic equipment cannot have a short circuit that can lead to electric shock and fire. That is why such a tool is widely used in car repair shops or when repairing a car with your own hands.

The air compressor is applicable to households and when it stops working, it needs to be repaired. However, the repair of compressors is not particularly difficult, it is quite possible to do it yourself.

To understand the problems of a compressor, you need to clearly understand what elements it consists of and what they are intended for. The compressor, in the minimum configuration, consists of a blower (an engine that creates an air flow) and a receiver - a container that contains compressed air. Reciprocating compressors are most commonly used.

One of the main requirements for a compressor is its safety. If the pressure in the receiver is not controlled, the compressor will burn out. There is a high probability that the receiver cylinder may explode. To prevent this, the receiver is equipped with an electronic relay that automatically turns off the compressor when the air pressure reaches a certain value.

The air compressor is equipped with a pressure gauge that indicates the amount of air pressure in the cylinder.A check valve is used to protect the compressor from negative influences. Its main function is to prevent air from returning back to the compressor when the unit is turned off or otherwise interfered with.

More complex compressor designs are characterized by additional equipment such as compressor automation. Typically in small compressors, the automation unit maintains a pressure of up to eight atmospheres using a pressure switch, turning on or off the power to the electric motor when the minimum or maximum pressure in the receiver is reached.

In this case, there are two pressure gauges: the large one shows the pressure in the tank of the receiver, the small one - at the outlet. The pressure switch can be equipped with an unloading valve. When the unit is stopped, it will open, making it easier to start the engine later.

In some models, a cooling radiator is provided on the pipes for supplying air from the compressor to the receiver.

Cooling the air results in less condensation in the receiver. Such a trifle in the design extends the service life of the automation.

The presence of a drain valve allows you to quickly drain condensate from the receiver, because it is advisable to end each operation of the unit with this operation.

The safety valve releases the increased pressure in the receiver, if for some reason the automation does not work, which protects the compressor motor from overloads.

The air filter protects the piston system from sand, dirt, paint fumes.

The following types of compressors are distinguished:

Volumetric action - keep gas or air in a confined space, increase pressure. Among them are:

rotary, principle of operation - suction and compression of gas during rotation of the plates; the working volume decreases, this leads to an increase in pressure.
piston - pressure is created by the movement of pistons and valves; reliable in operation, but noisier than rotary ones.

Dynamic - provide compression by increasing the speed of gas movement, increasing its kinetic energy, which is converted into compression energy. Distinguish:

centrifugal - used for air exchange in mines;
axial or axial.

Consider how a piston-type compressor works, air or gas in it is compressed by a piston that moves through the cylinder:

When the piston (3) moves up the compressor cylinder (4), the working gas is compressed. The electric motor moves the piston through the crankshaft (6) and connecting rod (5).
The suction and discharge valves are opened and closed by gas pressure.
The diagram on the left shows the gas suction phase into the compressor. When the piston moves down, a vacuum is created in the compressor and the inlet valve (12) opens. Thus, the gas enters the compressor space.
The right diagram shows the gas compression phase. The piston moves upwards and the outlet valve (1) opens. The gas leaves the compressor at high pressure.

scheme of work

The blower itself produces an uneven air stream, which cannot be used, for example, for using a spray gun. The receiver saves the day by smoothing out the pressure pulsations.

Having replenished the stock of information about the compressor unit, you can repair the compressor yourself. A distinction is made between the following compressor system malfunctions:

The compressor unit blower does not start.
From time to time, the thermal cut-out is triggered.
When the compressor starts, the thermal cut-out is triggered and the fuse is blown out.
The engine of the unit runs, but does not pump air into the receiver, or does it slowly.
When the supercharger is turned off, the pressure in the receiver drops.
High moisture content in the air outlet.
Strong vibration from the engine.
The compressor unit works intermittently.
The air flow is consumed below the norm.

There are several probable reasons why the compressor will not start..

If the unit does not start and does not hum, check the supply voltage with an indicator screwdriver. If there is a phase, the connections of the plug to the socket are normal, it is worth checking the fuses that are subject to melting.

Defective fuses are replaced with others of the same rating. New fuses with higher current ratings must not be installed. If the fuses blow repeatedly, there may be a short circuit at the input to the circuit.

The compressor may not start due to incorrect operation of the pressure control switch or failure of the level settings. To check if this is so, the gas is released from the cylinder and the supercharger is started. If the engine is running, readjust the relay. Does not work - change the required part.The engine will not run when the thermal cutout trips, turning off the power due to an overload of the piston system. In this case, do-it-yourself compressor repair is to let the motor cool down for 20 minutes, after which the unit will return to normal operation.It happens that thermal protection is triggered regularly. This happens due to low voltage in the network or increased air temperature in the room. The voltage in the network must not be less than the lower limit of the range recommended by the manufacturer; it is enough to measure this value with a multimeter.In a poorly ventilated area, an air-cooled piston engine often overheats. The solution is to move the compressor to another well-ventilated room.The blower inlet filter may become clogged due to poor air flow, in which case it should be flushed or replaced.The problem is more serious if the thermal protection is triggered when the compressor starts and the fuse blows. Perhaps it is not designed for the power of the unit, then it is replaced with the appropriate one.The fuse can be blown due to an overload in the mains. It is worth checking and disconnecting some of the consumers that load the network. Repair of air compressors is difficult if the voltage relay does not work correctly or the bypass valve breaks down. In this case, it is best to seek help from a workshop or service.If the voltage in the network is too low, the electric motor of the compressor will not cope with the scrolling of the axis and will hum. It is worth checking the voltage in the network with a multimeter (must be at least 220V).If the voltage is normal, there may be too much pressure in the receiver and the piston cannot push the air. To eliminate this malfunction, manufacturers strongly recommend that you set the switch to the "OFF" position for 15 seconds, and then move it to the "AUTO" position.If such actions do not lead to a positive result, it is likely that the receiver pressure control switch is malfunctioning or the control valve is clogged.A defective relay should be sent for repair or replaced. You can try to fix the check valve by removing the cylinder head and cleaning the channels.A drop in pressure indicates an air leak from the system. It happens:

in the blowing path;

in the outlet valve of the receiver;

in the control valve of the piston head;

It is necessary to carefully check the entire pipeline with a soapy solution, covering the entire pipeline. If a leak is found, it should be sealed.The vent valve may leak air if not closed tightly or due to a malfunction. If the tap is closed and the soapy solution is bubbling, the part must be replaced.The problem may be with the piston head valve. In order to carry out further repair of the air compressor, it is necessary to disassemble the cylinder head and remove the dirt that may have collected in the valve. Before starting work, it is imperative to bleed all the compressed air from the receiver.If the pressure drops again, the valve needs to be changed.The air supplied from the compressor can be very humid in the following cases:

moisture has accumulated in the receiver;

the air intake filter is very dirty;

the compressor is located in a room with high humidity.

To combat moisture, the following methods are applicable:

you should regularly drain the excess liquid from the receiver cylinder;

the filter element is washed or replaced;

the unit is transferred to another room, where the air is drier or special filters are installed.

Reciprocating engines are prone to high vibration. Don't worry until the vibration becomes too noticeable. It can be assumed that the reason is the wear of the vibration cushions, which are easily replaced.The vibration can be caused by loosening of the bolts. In such a case, repairing the air compressor is a simple matter of tightening the bolts.Interruptions in the operation of a compressor unit are caused by:

Defective pressure control switch. The air pressure switch for the compressor is used to automatically protect the unit in the following cases:

the suction pressure becomes less than the calculated one;

the discharge pressure exceeds the permissible limit.

Distinguish low pressure switch, the direct actuation of which (opening of the contact) occurs when the pressure drops to a controlled value. When the pressure rises by the setting value, reverse operation occurs (contact closure).Have high pressure switch direct actuation (opening of the contact) occurs when the pressure rises to the set value. Reverse operation (contact closure) occurs when the pressure drops.The pressure switch is being repaired or replaced with a new one.

Intensive extraction of compressed air - occurs due to a discrepancy in the performance of the compressor unit

with power consumption. These compressor malfunctions can be excluded if, when buying a pneumatic tool, you thoroughly study its characteristics and find out how much air is consumed per unit of time.Such a malfunction occurs due to a gas leak in the high pressure system, as well as if the air intake filter is clogged. Air leakage can be avoided by stretching all butt joints and wrapping them with sealing tape.

Performance
Connection type (socket, terminals)
Manufacturer

And so on. As a result, I decided not to think too much about it and bought the easiest one in Auchan for 1615r

And, of course, he turned out to be not working, which became the subject for articles that had not been written on our site for a long time.

And now the subject of the article itself, in which I do not want to talk about the repair of an automobile compressor, because our main audience is the repairmen of washing machines and refrigerators, and this is much more difficult than a cheap compressor from Auchan

The essence of the article is to tell by what algorithm I am looking for faults.

The first step is to check the power supply, and in my case it is the on-board network of a car for 12 volts DC, this is done with a multimeter or a well-functioning electrical appliance (in my case, this is a phone charger), it is better that the devices are comparable in terms of power consumption

Any electrical appliance has an overvoltage and short-circuit protection system, as a rule, it is a fuse, but instead of it there may be a resistor, so after that it is worth checking this node

A blown fuse is a consequence, but the reason is different.

There are also wires in each consumer of electricity and often they wear out, fray, burn out, and the like, to check the wires you need basic knowledge of how to use a multimeter and a little free time

Further, the differences begin depending on the type of electrical appliance and the more complex it is, the deeper this branch going from the starting point will be, and in my case the button was faulty, which I replaced and the compressor started working.

There are situations when the air compressor, peacefully rattling by the engine in the corner of the garage, starts to malfunction, or even turns off altogether. And at this moment, as luck would have it, there is a need for it. Do not be afraid, after studying theoretical information, repairing a compressor with your own hands will not seem like something unattainable.

The main purpose of air compressor units is to create a continuous, uniform jet of compressed air.The dense gas stream is then driven by various pneumatic tools. These can be airbrushes, tire inflation guns, wrenches, cutting machines, pneumatic chisels, nailers, and more. In the minimum configuration, the compressor unit is equipped with a supercharger (an engine that creates an air flow) and a receiver (a container for storing compressed gas).

Compressors with a piston system electric motor have found the greatest application in car repair shops. In the supercharger crankcase, the transfer rod moves along the axis back and forth, giving the oscillatory moment to the reciprocating movement of the piston with O-rings. The bypass valve system located in the cylinder head works in such a way that when the piston moves downward, air is taken from the inlet pipe, and upward - it is returned to the outlet pipe.

The gas flow is directed to the receiver, where it is compacted. Due to its design, the blower produces an uneven air stream. Which is not applicable to spray gun use. A kind of condenser (receiver) saves the situation, which smooths out the pressure pulsations, giving out a uniform flow at the outlet.

A more complex design of the compressor unit implies the attachment of additional equipment designed to provide automatic operation, dehumidification and humidification. And if in the case of a simple execution it is easy to localize a malfunction, then the complication of the equipment execution complicates the search. The following are the most common faults and remedies for the most common piston-type compressed gas systems.

To make it easier to find the problem, all defects can be classified by the nature of the malfunction:

Compressor unit blower does not start
Compressor motor hums but does not pump air or fills air reservoir too slowly
At start-up, the thermal protection circuit breaker is triggered or the mains fuse is blown out.
When the blower is turned off, the pressure in the compressed air tank drops
Thermal protection circuit breaker periodically trips
Exhaust air contains a lot of moisture
Engine vibrates violently
Compressor runs intermittently
Air flow is consumed below normal

Let's consider all the causes of the problems and how to fix them.

If the engine does not start and does not hum, then the supply voltage is not applied to it. First of all, using an indicator screwdriver, check the presence of "zero" and "phase", as well as the reliability of the plug-to-socket connection. In case of poor contact, measures are taken for a tighter fit. If there is 220 V at the input of the circuit, the fuses of the compressor unit look.

Failed ones are replaced by passive protection devices of the same rating as defective ones. In no case are hot-melt inserts designed for a higher electric current allowed. If the fuse blows again, you should find out the cause of the failure - probably a short circuit at the input of the circuit.

The second reason why the unit does not start is that the pressure control relay in the receiver is faulty or the level settings are out of order. To check, gas is released from the cylinder and the supercharger is tested. If the engine is running, the relay is reset. Otherwise, the defective part is replaced.

Also, the engine will not start when the thermal overload circuit breaker is triggered. This device turns off the power supply circuit of the winding of the electrical device in case of overheating of the piston system, fraught with seizure of the motor. Let the blower cool down for at least 15 minutes. After this time has elapsed, restart it.

With an underestimated mains voltage, the electric motor does not master the scrolling of the axis, while it will hum.With this malfunction, first of all, we check the voltage level in the network using a multimeter (it must be at least 220 V).

If the voltage is normal, then the pressure in the receiver is probably too high, and the piston does not overpower the pushing of air. In this case, manufacturers recommend setting the “AUTO-OFF” automatic switch to the “OFF” position for 15 seconds and then moving it to the “AUTO” position. If this does not help, then the pressure control switch in the receiver is faulty or the bypass (check) valve is clogged.

You can try to eliminate the last drawback by removing the cylinder head and cleaning the channels. Replace the defective relay or send it to a specialized center for repair.

Compressor start-up is accompanied by blown fuse or activation of automatic thermal protection

This malfunction occurs if the installed fuse is below the recommended rated power or the supply network is overloaded. In the first case, we check the compliance of the permissible currents, in the second, we disconnect part of the consumers from the electric main.

A more serious cause of the malfunction is incorrect operation of the voltage relay or breakdown of the bypass valve. We bypass the relay contacts according to the scheme, if the engine is running, then the actuator is faulty. In this case, it is more advisable to contact an official service center for technical support or replace the relay yourself.

A drop in compressed air pressure indicates that there is a leak somewhere in the system. Risk areas are: high pressure air line, piston head check valve or receiver outlet cock. We check the entire pipeline with a soapy solution for air leaks. We wrap the detected defects with sealing tape.

The drain cock may leak if not properly closed or defective. If it is closed all the way, and the soapy solution is bubbling on the spout, then we change this part. When screwing in a new one, do not forget to wind up the fum tape on the thread.

In the case of tightness of the air line and the exhaust valve, we conclude that the compressor control valve is not working correctly. For further work, be sure to bleed all the compressed air from the receiver! Next, we continue to repair the compressor with our own hands, disassembling the cylinder head.

If there is dirt or mechanical damage to the bypass valve, we clean it and try to fix the defects. If the malfunction is not eliminated, then we replace the control valve.

This defect occurs when the power supply voltage is too low, the air flow is poor, or the room temperature is too high. We measure the voltage in the network using a multimeter; it must be at least the lower limit of the range recommended by the manufacturer.

Poor air flow into the discharge system is due to a clogged inlet filter. The filter should be replaced or washed according to the unit's maintenance manual. The piston engine is air-cooled and often overheats when in a poorly ventilated area. The problem is solved by moving the compressor unit to a room with good ventilation.

This situation occurs under the following conditions:

Large accumulation of moisture in the receiver
Air intake filter dirty
The humidity in the room of the compressor unit is increased

Moisture in the output stream of compressed air is fought by the following methods:

Drain excess fluid from the cylinder regularly
Clean or replace the filter element
Move the compressor unit to a room with drier air or install additional filter-moisture separators

In general, piston engines are prone to high vibration.But, if the previously relatively quiet compressor unit begins to rumble, there is a high probability that the engine mounting screws are loosened or the material of the vibration cushions is worn out. This malfunction is eliminated by pulling all fasteners in a circle and replacing the polymer vibration isolators.

Interruptions in the operation of the engine can be caused by incorrect operation of the pressure control switch or too intensive extraction of compressed air.

Excessive gas consumption occurs due to a discrepancy between the compressor capacity and the power consumption. Therefore, before buying a new pneumatic tool, carefully study its characteristics and air consumption per unit of time.

Consumers should not take more than 70% of the compressor capacity. If the power of the blower with a margin overlaps the requests of the pneumatic tools, then the pressure switch is faulty. We either repair it or replace it with a new one.

This malfunction occurs as a result of a gas leak in the high pressure system or a clogged air intake filter. Air leakage can be minimized by pulling all butt joints and wrapping them with sealing tape.

Sometimes it happens that when draining condensate from the receiver, they forget to completely close the drain valve, which also leads to a gas leak. This problem is easy to solve - by tightly closing the valve. If the dust filter is clogged, clean it or, even better, replace it with a new one.

Most of the above malfunctions can be avoided by correctly carrying out the first start-up and running-in of the mechanisms, as well as performing regular routine maintenance.

In order for the device to function properly for a long time, the recommended maintenance should be started at the initial stages of operation. Experts recommend the following actions from the date of purchase:

Video (click to play).

Timely observance of these simple requirements will keep the mechanism in good condition. Such a time-consuming procedure as repairing a compressor with your own hands will be required extremely rarely. Proper grounding will avoid problems with the electrical part of the device. Regular replacement of oil and cleaning filters will prevent premature wear of rubbing parts.

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