Do-it-yourself redecoration of a plastered oven

In detail: do-it-yourself redecoration of a plastered oven from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

The functional ability of any unit depends on its condition. Despite correct and accurate operation, there comes a time when any mechanism or unit requires repair. The oven is no exception.

Today we will consider various methods of how you can repair stoves with your own hands, from covering up the cracks and ending with a major overhaul of the furnace.

For those who do not quite understand the question of why a working and properly operated stove in the country or in the house requires repair, we will make a small explanation.

As you know, certain parts of the stove work in extreme conditions, especially for the firebox and chimney.

This is affected by the effect of high temperatures during fuel combustion.

As you know, when heated and cooled, materials significantly change their volume.
Let it not be noticeable to the eye, but the heated brick exceeds the volume of a similar cold one.
Considering a brick oven, one can observe the following picture: cracks appear on the plastered surface, and on stoves without plaster, one can see cracks in the seams of the masonry.
Sometimes there are small dark patterns around the metal parts of the stove, dampers, doors.
All this is the result of the expansion and contraction of materials when heated and cooled.

It is important to understand here that, for example, a brick oven consists of various materials. Even if fireclay bricks and clay mortar are used for adhesion, which consist of one main material - clay, their coefficient of thermal expansion will be completely different, not to mention the metal parts of the furnace.

Video (click to play).

Used in masonry bricks heat up unevenly.
The part of the firebox closest to the fire heats up faster and more than the distant one, horizontal and vertical expansion occurs, while the bricks also have different expansion coefficients in their structure.

In other words, during operation, the furnace constantly changes its shape depending on the temperature regime. It is not surprising that over time, any oven requires repair, in addition to caring for itself.

Usually, the repair of the Russian stove is required in the event that the thrust suddenly disappears. As you know, the quality of traction is primarily affected by the correct design of the chimney. If your stove worked properly from the very beginning of its device, and then after several years of operation, the draft suddenly disappeared, this indicates clogged flue gas ducts... So, repairing stoves in the country often consists in cleaning the chimney with your own hands.

As stated above, exposure to temperature affects brickwork.

It may happen that a piece of brick fell off inside the smoke channel and clogged the channel. This situation is rather complicated in its elimination. Serious repairs of brick ovens will be required, which will not be easy to do with your own hands.

But do not rush, it may also happen that a large piece of soot just fell off the walls of the chimney and blocked the channel. This can quite often happen in stoves where coniferous wood is used as firewood: with osnas, spruce. Such wood splits well, but when burned, they form a very large soot due to the presence of resin in them.

In order to clean the chimney of the stove in the country with our own hands, we will proceed as follows:

Let's heat the stove well using alder or aspen wood.
After the wood is well heated, throw a handful of ordinary table salt into the fire.
If the channel is blocked due to soot, this method can be used to clean the pipe well and burn out all the soot.
Well, if this method did not give a positive result, you will need to disassemble the chimney masonry in search of a stuck brick.

Our reference: Usually competent stove-makers leave enough doors or knocked-out bricks for cleaning.

If you purchased a house with a stove and do not know where the knocked-out bricks are located, proceed as follows:

Examine the oven carefully.
Place the main emphasis on the places where the smoke channels pass.
The knocked-out bricks are mounted with some displacement outward relative to the main masonry by a few mm.
Having cleaned the mortar around such a brick, you can easily remove it.
Access to the channel is provided.
After clearing the channel and pulling out the stuck brick, you can put the knock-out brick in place and coat it with clay.

Our tip: If you've removed a stuck brick from a chimney, try to locate where it fell from. If it happens in the winter, then you can operate your stove until spring. But with the onset of heat, a major overhaul of the furnaces will be required. A fallen brick is the first sign of destruction that has begun.

Such repairs of stoves in the country are especially often required. The point is not even that modern stoves are not laid quite correctly and correctly. This is most likely due to improper operation of the ovens.

After all, as a rule, country stoves are not used entirely for their intended purpose: they prepare food and heat the house, but sometimes household waste is also burned.

It is understandable that people want to keep their site in order and cleanliness, but one must also take into account the fact that the oven was not originally intended for the disposal of household waste, rags, and even more so plastic bottles and packaging.

Repairing a brick oven is usually required in two cases:

Traction has disappeared or has significantly deteriorated.
Cracks appeared, and carbon monoxide gases began to flow into the room.

Not everyone knows that not only the clogging of the flue ducts is the cause of poor draft and deterioration of the heat output of the stove. Cracks in the walls of the furnace and furnace doors also significantly affect the correct operation of the furnace.

Do-it-yourself brick oven repair begins with identifying and assessing damage. As you know, all metal parts of the furnace are installed taking into account the coefficient of expansion of the metal when heated. Over time, soot forms around the doors of the firebox, which is a clear sign of the passage of carbon monoxide gases into the room.

Since the firebox doors are installed together with the bricks during masonry, you do not need to remove the doors. It is necessary to scrape the mortar around the doors to the brick and seal the cracks with a mortar of clay and cement.

Read also: Drainage pumps DIY repair

It is required to replace it with a new one.

Sequencing:

clean clay and dust from the place where the old brick lay;
moisten the place with water and put a clay cake on it;
wet a new brick, coat its top and sides with a clay mixture (we prepare it first in the same way as for covering the cracks);
lay it in place of the damaged old brick.

Sometimes, in case of moderate damage to the furnace, it is impossible to do without self-repair and strengthening of some parts.

Mechanical stress and temperature fluctuations can lead to the formation of gaps around the door of the firebox or hob. As a result, hazardous gases escape.

These places need to be compacted.

Sequencing:

clean the surface, remove the old solution;
rinse and prime it with heat-resistant glue diluted with the same volume of liquid;
attach an asbestos or ceramic cord around the door or hob to prevent cracking of the clay.
rub the necessary areas with the repair mixture;
dry for at least a day.

Advice: in order to check if the fire-resistant cord is tampered with, set it on fire right at the cash register.

You can eliminate the cracks around the hob using the same algorithm. Heat the oven before removing the stove. Then pry off the metal with an ax. It is permissible to replace the asbestos cord with basalt wool or felt. If the old stove is completely leaking, replace it with a new one.

It becomes necessary if cracks and cracks are located around the entire perimeter of the oven... In this case, it is best to shift the masonry, but if you do not have enough time, you can resort to screeding the frame with a metal wire.

Sequencing:

we chase special channels with a depth of 15 to 20 millimeters in the oven strictly horizontally;
we lay the wire in the grooves so that it provides the frame screed;
we stretch the wire by twisting it with a beard or a thick nail so that it does not break;
plaster the stove.

When replacing the grate, keep in mind that there must be a gap between the brickwork and the grate.It must be covered with sand. The new grill must be exactly the same size as the old one.

This manipulation should be performed only when the sheets are punctured or rusty. Sequencing:

removing the old sheet;
excavation of nails;
laying a piece of felt that has been previously soaked in clay solution;
nailing a new sheet.

Sometimes the damage to a brick oven is so serious that it is necessary to restore its full performance, replace or improve the broken parts.

Lining is nothing more than protection of the furnace surface from various mechanical and thermal damage. In our case, this is the use of fireclay bricks.

If the firebox lining is damaged, it must be replaced.

Important! For old and new masonry, use a homogeneous brick so that the coefficient of thermal expansion does not change.

Simple work can be done through the firebox door. To do this, it is enough to restore the damaged areas with an earthen solution or a factory-made refractory mixture.

Partial replacement of bricks is performed in the following sequence:

prepare the mortar that was used during construction;
soak and clean up the old solution in the required area;
remove the item that has been damaged;
insert a new brick into an empty space and cover it well.

For these manipulations, a ready-made refractory mortar can also be used - Chamotte mortar, which consists of chamotte and refractory clay. Then the seams of the furnace will be able to withstand more than 1700 degrees.

Complete replacement of the lining is carried out only after dismantling the wall. The main masonry must not be touched.

Sequencing:

disassemble the wall from the hearth to the ash hole; do not touch the stove ribs;
remove the remnants of rubble;
lay out a new fireclay brick lining so that it is not tied up with the material of the stove body. Observe the thickness of the seam - no more than two millimeters.
if the stove is large, lay the brick flat. If small or medium - on the edge.

This may require plastering of the masonry, or even brute force in the event of destruction.

The main method is to lay out the walls of the firebox with fireclay bricks using refractory mortar. Install slopes on the sides of the firebox. On them, hot coals will fall down during the heating process and close the grates.

It is important to use only high quality bricks.

It is better to prepare tools for repairs in advance.

You will need:

brick;
double-sided hammer;
Master OK;
plumb line;
level;
roulette;
bucket for solution preparation.

Not all the subtleties of repair can be described in words, the video will show this clearly.

Didn't answer your question? Please leave your comments and wishes below. Thanks!

How to repair a stove with your own hands - this is what this article will discuss.

Progress is gradually coming into our lives, but nevertheless, in some village houses, Russian stoves are still preserved, with the help of which people heat their huts and prepare food. Since these ovens have been in use for several decades and operate at high temperatures, cracks or crevices appear on the surface. Cold air from the room enters these cracks and reduces the efficiency of the stove, and safety during its use must be observed at a high level. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically repair the oven.

We have preserved such a brick-built stove at our dacha. It fits perfectly into the country-style interior, created by us at the dacha. We only use it for heating the room. Previously, the stove was heated with wood, then when gas was supplied to the village, a gas burner was installed in it. With a gas burner, the operation of the stove is much easier, there is no need to harvest wood or coal, I turned on the burner in the fall, and the house is warm until spring. Above the burner there is a metal plate on which you can heat water, for example.In the places where this slab adjoins the brick wall, cracks formed all the time.

They appear due to the fact that, with strong heating, the metal expands and moves away from the brickwork.

To repair the oven and seal the cracks, you need to use a special oven solution that can withstand high temperatures.

Finding the right solution for the repair turned out to be the biggest problem. What we have not tried to use for the preparation of the mixture. On the advice of knowledgeable people, they prepared a clay-based solution for the oven: they took clay, mixed it with sand in different proportions, rolled it into a ball and threw it on the floor from a height of 2 m.If the ball fell apart, it means a lot of sand, if it did not change, a lot of clay. It was necessary to ensure that the clay ball did not fall apart when falling, but crumpled a little. Somewhere they read that you need to add salt to the oven solution for fortress, someone advised to put a little cement or lime. There were even exotic tips with adding horse manure to the mixture (for some reason we refused this option). The resulting solution was used to make repairs, cover up the cracks and turn on the stove. The stove from a gas burner does not heat up very quickly, 2-3 hours. During this time, the oven solution dried out, began to crack and fell out of the gap. The repair had to start over.
Experiments with the mixture continued again. We bought chamotte clay in the store, made a solution for the oven based on it. But everything remained as before.

We tried to use a heat-resistant sealant that can withstand temperatures of 1200 degrees. But he also lasted only a day, after which it cracked and crumbled.

And yet he who searches for a long time finds. In a store selling sauna stoves, they saw a refractory mixture called chamotte mortar. Solution based

This mixture is used for laying fireplaces, stoves, barbecues. It becomes hard when heated, the mixture is ready for use, you just need to add water. We decided to repair the furnace with this mixture.

Chamotte mortar is sold in packs of 5 kg, 1 pack was taken for the sample. Prepare the mixture in a small bucket, stir with a spatula until

the consistency of thick sour cream. If the repair is small, you do not need to prepare a lot of mortar, since the mixture hardens after drying. Crevice before application

solution must be cleaned of dust and moistened with plenty of water. After that with a spatula

we take the solution and fill the gap with it. To smooth the mixture and make it smooth, a common wide brush was used, after having wet it in water.

With its help, the solution was leveled in the cracks. After filling in the cracks and potholes, leveling the chamotte mortar, they turned on the burner and began to wait until the stove heats up. During heating, the solution gradually dried out and became solid. The oven was hot and there were no cracks in the solution. Two days later, small cracks appeared. Then we

stirred a little solution and rubbed the cracks with a brush. This operation must be done once a week with continuous operation of the stove. Since then, the furnace has already worked for two winters, during which time only five kilograms of chamotte mortar were consumed for repairs. While the village house is heated by the stove, we will use this mixture to repair the stove.

Video

Many owners of private houses increasingly prefer such types of heating as gas or steam, and if there is central heating in the village, some find it easier to connect to the heating network. However, in many houses, the stove heating method is retained - both as the main source of heat and as an auxiliary one. Often the choice in favor of a conventional stove is associated with economic considerations - the best brick stove will cost less than laying a distribution pipe to connect to central heating.The stove is a fairly voluminous structure, it is almost impossible to make it invisible. Most often, red brick is used for masonry, which does not always look harmonious in the room. Therefore, the owners make efforts to ensure that the stove fits into the interior and looks neat. Often the finishing of the stove is done with plaster. Image - Redecorating a plastered oven with your own hands

However, many are faced with such a problem - after a few years, the plaster from the brick oven begins to crumble. In fact, this can be avoided, the main thing is to correctly perform the plastering work.

In fact, even a home craftsman who does not have experience in similar work can do a high-quality plaster of a brick oven. It is important to pay close attention to the process and use high-quality materials, then the oven will retain its presentable appearance for a long time.

Before plastering the stove, you need to prepare the room. To do this, you need to free up space for work - all unnecessary items from the room must be taken out. Furniture should also be removed from the room if possible. If this does not work, then you need to cover it with a thick cloth. To protect against debris, dust and damage, windows, walls and floors - these surfaces should be covered with plastic.

Learn how to plaster a brick stove, and prepare all the necessary tools and materials in advance. You will need a set of tools, including:

trowel or trowel;
grater;
hammer;
chisel or spatula;
nippers and pliers (they can be replaced with pliers);
spray - it is needed to wet the surface with water (if it is not there, a paint brush will do);
metal scissors and fabric scissors;
coarse sieve - for sifting sand and / or clay;
a container for a solution and a separate one for water;
scoop for plaster mixture (or its components);
broom or vacuum cleaner.

The list of materials for plastering the stove includes the actual mortar for plastering the stove, a reinforcing mesh with 10 x 10 mm cells (you can do with burlap), lime (or water-based paint), as well as a cement mortar (you will need it to fix the wire - including if we are talking about an old stove).

Before starting the plastering work, be sure to prepare the surface of the oven. This will make the solution easier to apply and the finish will look better and last longer.

If we are talking about an old stove, then you will need to perform surface preparation according to the following scheme:

Cleaning the oven surface from old plaster. This can be done with a spatula or chisel.
The surface is rubbed with sandpaper - this will help eliminate minor irregularities.
The resulting debris and dust must be removed with a vacuum cleaner or dry cloth.

In the case when you need to plaster a freshly laid oven, such work should begin about a month after the completion of the brickwork. This period is enough for the mortar used for masonry to dry out, harden and gain strength. Before starting work, you need to clear the seams between the bricks that make up the furnace to a depth of about 0.5 cm - this will help the plaster mortar better lie on the masonry.

Depending on the purpose of the room and its humidity, the mode of its use, the planned method of exterior decoration, as well as the climate in the region, the owner must decide how to plaster his stove.

How to prepare the “right” solution? The classic recipe includes clay and sand. If it is planned to paint the stove white, then lime can be added - it must be slaked. To increase the strength of the solution, you can add crushed asbestos or fiberglass.

The composition of the mortar for plastering the oven may vary. The table shows the main popular options:

The sand content of the slurry can vary depending on the grease content of the clay to be used. If the fat content is high, then instead of two parts of sand, it is permissible to add three or even four.

To determine the correct ratio, you need to prepare a portion of the sample solution and apply it to the surface - a small area. If the plaster area is covered with cracks when the solution dries, then there is not enough sand and you need to add more. If the solution crumbled, this indicates that there is not enough clay in its composition.

In order to achieve good results, close attention must be paid to the process of preparing the solution itself. In this case, it is required to observe a number of simple rules, not only at the time of mixing the plaster mixture, but also during the preparation of the components.

clean up debris;
place for soaking in water for several days;
filter the resulting gruel through a coarse sieve.

Lime (work on the preparation of this material is carried out only on the street):

pour pieces of lime into a bucket (it should only be metal) - no more than half of the bucket's volume;
pour water (no more than 0.6 bucket volume);
let the solution cool for a day;
drain the solution;
pass the lime slurry through a coarse sieve.

Sand also needs to be sieved, asbestos or fiberglass - thoroughly crushed.

To prepare a high quality solution, you need to reproduce the following sequence of actions:

Sifted sand is added to the prepared clay.
The remaining constituents of the solution are added (for example, fiberglass).
The solution is thoroughly mixed. This can be done using a drill, a construction mixer, or a hammer drill with a special attachment.

A high-quality solution should not contain solid particles or lumps; it looks homogeneous and plastic.

There are a number of nuances associated with the shelf life and use, depending on which solution it was decided to use:

If gypsum was used as a base, such a solution hardens very quickly. It must be prepared in small portions, which must be immediately applied to the oven;

The prepared mortar with a cement base should be used within an hour after it has been diluted with water;

A clay-based mixture can be prepared in advance. It can be stored for a long time, provided the container is sealed.

After all the necessary materials and a set of tools have been prepared, you can start the process of plastering the stove with your own hands. Plastering a brick oven can be performed according to a simple scheme, consisting of five basic steps:

Sackcloth. The material must be cut out and soaked in a solution of liquid clay. After that, it must be distributed over the oven: the laying process is carried out in the direction from top to bottom, the overlap should be about 50 mm. If such material is used for reinforcement, the furnace must be protected from overheating during operation;

Plastering. The mortar is applied from top to bottom, each layer should be even - its thickness should not be more than 5 mm. After the solution has set, it should be rubbed, performing circular movements with a float. If the plaster has hardened too much, it can be moistened with water. Some home craftsmen recommend, at the end of the application of the plaster solution, to smooth it with a rag (it must first be moistened in the same solution). Image - Redecorating a plastered oven with your own hands

After finishing the application of the plaster, it must be allowed to dry. If cracks appear, they can be widened with an ordinary knife, then moistened with water and covered with a solution (if a clay-based solution was used, for this purpose, you can use the remains of plaster, which can be stored in an airtight container).

In order for the stove to look good indoors, additional finishing can be done after the plastering is completed:

painting with water-based paint;
whitewashing with chalk;
coating with milk of lime (you need to add a little salt to it, at the rate of 0.1 kg per 100 liters of solution);
decorative plaster for stoves (a wide range of compounds can be found in hardware stores).

Related videos:

How to plaster the stove so that it does not crack during everyday use? This question arises for those home owners who have just acquired this heating device, and in those cases when it is time to repair a long-built stove.How to plaster a stove so it doesn't crackIt should be noted that cracking most often occurs when violations are made in the technology of the plastering process or in the preparation of the surface for finishing, as well as due to improper preparation of the solution.For plastering the brick walls of the furnace, traditional sand-clay mortars and professionally prepared plaster mixes are used, which can be bought today in any building or specialized store.Ready-made plaster mix for ovensBut whatever type of plaster is chosen, it must meet certain requirements, such as heat resistance, high adhesion and an adequate response to the expansion of the wall material when heated.In what cases and why are stoves plastered? The answer to this question is no less important than the first one, since having learned it, one can understand whether it is worth carrying out this process at all, or you can leave the stove without finishing, or decorate its walls with ceramic or fireclay tiles.

Plastered and whitewashed Russian stoveThe reasons that require finishing the walls with plaster include:

If the stove is old and had already been plastered before, but for some reason the finish cracked and began to fall off, and sloppy masonry was found under it.

If the stove is old and there is a risk of cracking of the masonry mortar in the seams and the penetration of carbon monoxide into the room.

If there is a need to transform this structure, to make it neat and aesthetically pleasing, for example, when updating the entire interior and changing the style of its design.

Over time, various insects can take root in the joints between the rows of bricks, especially if the laying was made on natural materials. Timely processing and plastering will help prevent their appearance.

If the stove has just been erected, but the masonry was done carelessly, without joining, and the structure does not look aesthetically pleasing, plaster will help to fix this situation.

The advantage of plaster over other finishing materials:

It should be noted that plastering the stove is the most affordable and simple way to tidy up the stove surfaces.

Choosing plaster for wall decoration, you can save a lot, since the price for ceramic tiles or stove tiles is several orders of magnitude higher than for a plaster mixture.

Plastering can be applied to any of the existing types of stoves, both for the restoration of an old stove and for finishing a newly built one.

The plaster increases the thickness of the wall, which increases the heat storage capacity of the building and leads to fuel savings as the oven cools down longer.

Plaster increases the level of fire safety and reduces the possibility of penetration of carbon monoxide into the room.

The plastered surface can be coated with water-based paint, whitewash or decorative plasters.

The quality of plaster application and its ideal distribution on the surface of the oven walls directly affects the adhesion of materials and durability.To make the plastering process easy and bring the expected result, you need to carry it out with high-quality tools, which include:Plastering tools

Spatulas - from medium for taking mortar from a container, to wide, used for applying it to the wall.

Plaster hammer used to drive plaster nails.

A trowel (trowel) for applying and distributing mortar on the oven walls.

Cam hammer used for chisel, triple and cogwheel applications.

Conventional scissors for cutting fiberglass mesh. If the walls are covered with a netting, then metal scissors will also be required.

Grater and half grater. These tools are used to level and smooth the plastered surfaces.

The smoothing trowel is used to bring the surface to a perfect smoothness.

Chisel. With this tool, notches are made on the surface of the oven walls for better adhesion of materials.

Brushes of different sizes for applying primer compounds, and when using some techniques - for the plaster itself, and for giving it a textured surface, if provided.

Brush with metal bristles - for cleaning surfaces and seams, when removing old plaster.

Building level to check the vertical and horizontal planes.

A plumb line is used to control the evenness of walls and applied plaster.

The rule helps to align the plaster applied to the walls with the beacons installed on them.

As you know, the oven is subject to constant temperature fluctuations, so the plaster layer must be resistant to this phenomenon. Composing the solution yourself and choosing the proportions of materials, this must be taken into account.The most important point is the composition of the plaster solutionPlaster mixes are simple and complex:

Compositions consisting of two ingredients - clay and sand are called simple.

Complex solutions are those that have more than two components in their composition.

Some of the materials must be prepared before making the mixture by cleaning them from various impurities:

The sand should be sieved through a fine sieve.

Clay is also rubbed through a fine metal mesh, turning it into powder and freeing it from plant roots and small stones.

The clay for the preparation of the plaster mixture is chosen rather oily, since this quality will directly affect the adhesion of the plaster and the wall. In the event that excessive clay content is noticeable, a little more sand can be added to the solution.Before mixing the solution, the clay is soaked, stirring with water. Further, it is left for several hours. If during this time it has absorbed all the water, then the liquid is added more, and so on until the water covers the clay from above by 100 ÷ 150 mm. After that, the mixture is mixed - it should have the consistency of thick sour cream and have good plasticity.