Do-it-yourself redecoration of a plastered oven

The functional ability of any unit depends on its condition. Despite correct and accurate operation, there comes a time when any mechanism or unit requires repair. The oven is no exception.

Today we will consider various methods of how you can repair stoves with your own hands, from covering up the cracks and ending with a major overhaul of the furnace.

For those who do not quite understand the question of why a serviceable and properly operated stove in the country or in the house requires repair, we will make a small explanation.

As you know, certain parts of the stove work in extreme conditions, especially for the firebox and chimney.

This is affected by the effect of high temperatures during fuel combustion.

• As you know, when heated and cooled, materials significantly change their volume.
• Let it not be noticeable to the eye, but the heated brick exceeds the volume of a similar cold one.
• Considering a brick oven, one can observe the following picture: cracks appear on the plastered surface, and on stoves without plaster, one can see cracks in the seams of the masonry.
• Sometimes there are small dark patterns around the metal parts of the stove, dampers, doors.
• All this is the result of the expansion and contraction of materials when heated and cooled.

It is important to understand here that, for example, a brick oven consists of various materials. Even if fireclay bricks and clay mortar are used for adhesion, which consist of one main material - clay, their coefficient of thermal expansion will be completely different, not to mention the metal parts of the furnace.

• Used in masonry bricks heat up unevenly.
• The part of the firebox closest to the fire heats up faster and more than the distant one, horizontal and vertical expansion occurs, while the bricks also have different expansion coefficients in their structure.

In other words, during operation, the furnace constantly changes its shape depending on the temperature regime. It is not surprising that over time, any oven requires repair, in addition to caring for itself.

Usually, the repair of the Russian stove is required in the event that the thrust suddenly disappears. As you know, the quality of traction is primarily affected by the correct design of the chimney. If your stove worked properly from the very beginning of its device, and then after several years of operation, the draft suddenly disappeared, this indicates clogged flue gas ducts... So, repairing stoves in the country often consists in cleaning the chimney with your own hands.

As stated above, exposure to temperature affects brickwork.

It may happen that a piece of brick fell off inside the smoke channel and clogged the channel. This situation is rather complicated in its elimination. Serious repairs of brick ovens will be required, which will not be easy to do with your own hands.

But do not rush, it may also happen that a large piece of soot just fell off the walls of the chimney and blocked the channel. This can quite often happen in stoves where coniferous wood is used as firewood: with osnas, spruce. Such wood splits well, but when burned, they form a very large soot due to the presence of resin in them.

In order to clean the chimney of the stove in the country with our own hands, we will proceed as follows:

• Let's heat the stove well using alder or aspen wood.
• After the wood is well heated, throw a handful of ordinary table salt into the fire.
• If the channel is blocked due to soot, this method can be used to clean the pipe well and burn out all the soot.
• Well, if this method did not give a positive result, you will need to disassemble the chimney masonry in search of a stuck brick.

Our reference: Usually competent stove-makers leave enough doors or knocked-out bricks for cleaning.

If you purchased a house with a stove and do not know where the knocked-out bricks are located, proceed as follows:

• Examine the oven carefully.
• Place the main emphasis on the places where the smoke channels pass.
• The knocked-out bricks are mounted with some displacement outward relative to the main masonry by a few mm.
• Having cleaned the mortar around such a brick, you can easily remove it.
• Access to the channel is provided.
• After clearing the channel and pulling out the stuck brick, you can put the knock-out brick in place and coat it with clay.

Our tip: If you've removed a stuck brick from a chimney, try to locate where it fell from. If it happens in the winter, then you can operate your stove until spring. But with the onset of heat, a major overhaul of the furnaces will be required. A fallen brick is the first sign of destruction that has begun.

Such repairs of stoves in the country are especially often required. The point is not even that modern stoves are not laid quite correctly and correctly. This is most likely due to improper operation of the ovens.

After all, as a rule, country stoves are not used entirely for their intended purpose: they prepare food and heat the house, but sometimes household waste is also burned.

It is understandable that people want to keep their site in order and cleanliness, but one must also take into account the fact that the oven was not originally designed for the disposal of household waste, rags, and even more so plastic bottles and packaging.

Repairing a brick oven is usually required in two cases:

• Traction has disappeared or has significantly deteriorated.
• Cracks appeared, and carbon monoxide gases began to flow into the room.

Not everyone knows that not only the clogging of the flue ducts is the cause of poor draft and deterioration of the heat output of the stove. Cracks in the walls of the furnace and furnace doors also significantly affect the correct operation of the furnace.

Do-it-yourself brick oven repair begins with identifying and assessing damage. As you know, all metal parts of the furnace are installed taking into account the coefficient of expansion of the metal when heated. Over time, soot forms around the doors of the firebox, which is a clear sign of the passage of carbon monoxide gases into the room.

Since the firebox doors are installed together with the bricks during masonry, you do not need to remove the doors. It is necessary to scrape the mortar around the doors to the brick and seal the cracks with a mortar of clay and cement.

He prepares as follows:

• Clay - 3 parts.
• Sand - 10 pieces.
• Cement - 1 part.

All ingredients are thoroughly mixed and diluted with water until thick sour cream. This solution is used to cover the seams around the firebox doors.

With the same solution, you can cover up cracks in the body of the oven itself with your own hands. If the stove in the country house is plastered, the crack is scraped up to bricks and thoroughly covered with mortar.

But there are times when the number of cracks is so great that they encircle the entire oven. Simple blurring is not enough here.

Of course, the best option is to completely rebuild the oven, but if the oven is working properly and you simply do not have time to rebuild the oven, repairs can be done as follows:

• You will need to tie the furnace frame with metal wire.
• We have already described this method when plastering ovens. But in a similar way, it is possible to carry out routine repairs and ovens without plaster.
• Horizontal channels are grooved in the furnace to a depth of 15-20 mm.
• The strobe should encircle the entire furnace in such a way that the wire laid in it tightens the furnace frame.
• When the wire is laid and secured, it needs to be tightened.
• This is done by simply twisting the wire in several places with a barb or thick nail. Do not twist the wire so that it does not break.
• After that, you can plaster the oven again. We will not dwell on this in detail, since the methods of finishing the stove are thoroughly described in the corresponding section of our website.

Our advice: after such a repair, it is better to plaster even an unplastered stove, and it will serve you faithfully for a long time.

Very often, do-it-yourself furnace repair is required when the very principle of heating the furnace changes. You can often encounter such a situation: for a very long time, the heating and cooking stove was fired with wood, and now, finally, civilization reached it - they supplied gas.

With the gas connection, people install gas stoves and modern heating systems, but very many continue to use the old familiar stoves, having installed a gas burner in them. This, of course, is convenient: there is no need to prepare firewood and clean the stove from coal and soot.

But the old problems of cracking and skipping in the joints remain. This is especially the case with ovens on which metal hobs are installed. Cracks form at the junction of metal and brickwork, which is quite difficult to get rid of.

Of course, it will not be difficult for an experienced stove-maker to prepare a solution that will adhere well to these joints. You won't find such specialists in the daytime with fire, but for a beginner this is a real problem.

Various methods of determining the fat content of clay, the percentage of sand, as a rule, do not give the desired result, cracks form over and over again. It is understandable, this requires a long and persistent practice.

The use of heat-resistant sealants does not make things much easier. After a short period of time, cracks form in the joints and the repair must be repeated over and over again.

One wonderful material can be successfully used to solve this problem, it is sometimes used when repairing a muffle furnace. This is a fireclay mortar.

Our reference: fireclay mortar is a ready-made finely ground refractory mixture. The composition includes fireclay and refractory clay. The seams made of chamotte mortar can withstand temperatures over 1700 ° C.

Fireclay mortar is sold in packages of 50 kg and more. Diluted with water. For the best effect, no more than 15% of the mass of mortar, ordinary Portland cement, can be added to the mixture.

When purchasing mortar mixtures, you should be aware that there are the following brands:

• MP - semi-acid mortar
• MSh - fireclay mortar
• MML - mullite mortar
• MMK - mullite-corundum mortar

In our case, it is necessary to purchase an MSh mortar. The number designation determines the refractoriness of a particular composition.

Due to regular temperature fluctuations of large amplitude, the operation of the furnace sooner or later fails. Any owner can repair a brick oven with his own hands, having initial technical knowledge and skillful hands.

The main thing is to do it in a timely manner, then you will avoid troubles and fires.

Usually renovation work are divided into three types:

1. elimination of minor problems
2. medium troubleshooting
3. elimination of serious defects (overhaul).

We advise you to remember that regular inspection of the oven before the heating season and maintenance is a way to prevent possible serious damage to the structure in the future.

What minor problems can you face when operating the oven and how to fix them?

This problem can occur due to the following reasons:

• the stove was not used for a long time, and cold air accumulated inside the chimney;
• there is no air flow to support combustion;
• exposure to strong winds from the street;
• soot clogged the smoke ducts.

Solution: we ignite the stove not with paper, but with a piece of rubber or dry fuel.

Attention! The use of kerosene or other flammable liquids is prohibited.

In case of a blocked chimney, you need to carry out the following activities:

• light the stove;
• pour coarse salt (about a handful) into the firebox;
• close the damper immediately;
• soot will fly out in chunks into the chimney.

If this method does not help, then it is necessary clean the pipe with your own handsby opening a special door, or taking out knocked out bricks. Experienced kiln craftsmen will always leave doors or knocked out bricks for cleaning.

To determine, where are these bricks located, do this:

• make an external inspection of the oven; especially in places of passage of smoke channels;
• the knock-out brick is usually displaced slightly outward, in contrast to the main masonry;
• clean the old mortar and take out the brick. This will make the smoke channel accessible and you can clean it;
• then replace the knock-out brick and coat it with clay mortar.

as a result of which the stove began to smoke.

In addition, its appearance is spoiled.

Heat the stove and you will notice cracks that need to be covered by hand.

Sequencing:

• soak the seams, and then clean them 2 - 3 cm;
• rinse the walls with a brush using clean water;
• prepare a solution by mixing clay, sand, asbestos fiber and salt (at the rate of 100 grams per 3 liters of the mixture); an indicator of a quality solution is an average viscosity. You can purchase a ready-made solution at a hardware store;
• fill the seams with a clay mixture, compact it, wiping out all the voids;
• if necessary, plaster the walls, whitewash or tile.

It is required to replace it with a new one.

Sequencing:

• clean clay and dust from the place where the old brick lay;
• moisten the place with water and put a clay cake on it;
• wet a new brick, coat its top and sides with a clay mixture (we prepare it first in the same way as for covering the cracks);
• lay it in place of the damaged old brick.

Sometimes, in case of moderate damage to the furnace, it is impossible to do without self-repair and strengthening of some parts.

Mechanical stress and temperature fluctuations can lead to the formation of gaps around the door of the firebox or hob. As a result, hazardous gases escape.

These places need to be compacted.

Sequencing:

• clean the surface, remove the old solution;
• rinse and prime it with heat-resistant glue diluted with the same volume of liquid;
• attach an asbestos or ceramic cord around the door or hob to prevent cracking of the clay.
• rub the necessary areas with the repair mixture;
• dry for at least a day.

Advice: to check if the fire-resistant cord is tampered with, set it on fire right at the checkout counter.

You can eliminate the cracks around the hob using the same algorithm. Heat the oven before removing the stove. Then pry off the metal with an ax. It is permissible to replace the asbestos cord with basalt wool or felt. If the old stove is completely leaking, replace it with a new one.

It becomes necessary if cracks and cracks are located around the entire perimeter of the oven... In this case, it is best to shift the masonry, but if you do not have enough time, you can resort to screeding the frame with a metal wire.

Sequencing:

• we chase special channels with a depth of 15 to 20 millimeters in the oven strictly horizontally;
• we lay the wire in the grooves so that it provides the frame screed;
• we stretch the wire by twisting it with a beard or a thick nail so that it does not break;
• plaster the stove.

When replacing the grate, keep in mind that there must be a gap between the brickwork and the grate.It must be covered with sand. The new grill must be exactly the same size as the old one.

This manipulation should be performed only when the sheets are punctured or rusty. Sequencing:

• removing the old sheet;
• excavation of nails;
• laying a piece of felt that has been previously soaked in clay solution;
• nailing a new sheet.

Sometimes the damage to a brick oven is so serious that it is necessary to restore its full performance, replace or improve the broken parts.

Lining is nothing more than protection of the furnace surface from various mechanical and thermal damage. In our case, this is the use of fireclay bricks.

If the firebox lining is damaged, it must be replaced.

Important! For old and new masonry, use a homogeneous brick so that the coefficient of thermal expansion does not change.

Simple work can be done through the firebox door. To do this, it is enough to restore the damaged areas with an earthen solution or a factory-made refractory mixture.

Partial replacement of bricks is performed in the following sequence:

• prepare the mortar that was used during construction;
• soak and clean up the old solution in the required area;
• remove the item that has been damaged;
• insert a new brick into an empty space and cover it well.

For these manipulations, a ready-made refractory mortar can also be used - Chamotte mortar, which consists of chamotte and refractory clay. Then the seams of the furnace will be able to withstand more than 1700 degrees.

Complete replacement of the lining is carried out only after dismantling the wall. The main masonry must not be touched.

Sequencing:

• disassemble the wall from the hearth to the ash hole; do not touch the stove ribs;
• remove the remnants of rubble;
• lay out a new fireclay brick lining so that it is not tied up with the material of the stove body. Observe the thickness of the seam - no more than two millimeters.
• if the stove is large, lay the brick flat. If small or medium - on the edge.

This may require plastering of the masonry, or even brute force in the event of destruction.

The main method is to lay out the walls of the firebox with fireclay bricks using refractory mortar. Install slopes on the sides of the firebox. On them, hot coals will fall down during the heating process and close the grates.

It is important to use only high quality bricks.

It is better to prepare tools for repairs in advance.

You will need:

• brick;
• double-sided hammer;
• Master OK;
• plumb line;
• level;
• roulette;
• bucket for solution preparation.

Not all the subtleties of repair can be described in words, the video will show this clearly.

Didn't answer your question? Please leave your comments and wishes below. Thanks!

How to repair a stove with your own hands - this is what this article will discuss.

Progress is gradually coming into our lives, but nevertheless, in some village houses, Russian stoves are still preserved, with the help of which people heat their huts and prepare food. Since these ovens have been in use for several decades and operate at high temperatures, cracks or crevices appear on the surface. Cold air from the room enters these cracks and reduces the efficiency of the stove, and safety during its use must be observed at a high level. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically repair the oven.

We have preserved such a brick-built stove at our dacha. It fits perfectly into the country-style interior created by us at the dacha. We only use it for heating the room. Previously, the stove was heated with wood, then, when gas was supplied to the village, a gas burner was installed in it. With a gas burner, the operation of the stove is much easier, there is no need to harvest wood or coal, I turned on the burner in the fall, and the house is warm until spring. Above the burner there is a metal plate on which you can heat water, for example.In the places where this slab adjoins the brick wall, cracks formed all the time.

They appear due to the fact that, with strong heating, the metal expands and moves away from the brickwork.

To repair the oven and seal the cracks, you need to use a special oven solution that can withstand high temperatures.

Finding the right solution for the repair turned out to be the biggest problem. What we have not tried to use for the preparation of the mixture. On the advice of knowledgeable people, they prepared a clay-based solution for the oven: they took clay, mixed it with sand in different proportions, rolled it into a ball and threw it on the floor from a height of 2 m.If the ball fell apart, it means a lot of sand, if it did not change, a lot of clay. It was necessary to ensure that the clay ball did not fall apart when falling, but crumpled a little. Somewhere they read that you need to add salt to the oven solution for fortress, someone advised to put a little cement or lime. There were even exotic tips with adding horse manure to the mixture (for some reason we refused this option). The resulting solution was used to make repairs, cover up the cracks and turn on the stove. The stove from a gas burner does not heat up very quickly, 2-3 hours. During this time, the oven solution dried out, began to crack and fell out of the gap. The repair had to start over.
Experiments with the mixture continued again. We bought chamotte clay in the store, made a solution for the oven based on it. But everything remained as before.

We tried to use a heat-resistant sealant that can withstand temperatures of 1200 degrees. But he also lasted only a day, after which it cracked and crumbled.

And yet he who searches for a long time finds. In a store selling sauna stoves, they saw a refractory mixture called chamotte mortar. Solution based

This mixture is used for laying fireplaces, stoves, barbecues. It becomes hard when heated, the mixture is ready for use, you just need to add water. We decided to repair the furnace with this mixture.

Chamotte mortar is sold in packs of 5 kg, 1 pack was taken for the sample. Prepare the mixture in a small bucket, stir with a spatula until

the consistency of thick sour cream. If the repair is small, you do not need to prepare a lot of mortar, since the mixture hardens after drying. Crevice before application

solution must be cleaned of dust and moistened with plenty of water. After that with a spatula

we take the solution and fill the gap with it. To smooth the mixture and make it smooth, a common wide brush was used, after having wet it in water.

With its help, the solution was leveled in the cracks. After filling in the cracks and potholes, leveling the chamotte mortar, they turned on the burner and began to wait until the stove heats up. During heating, the solution gradually dried out and became solid. The oven was hot and there were no cracks in the solution. Two days later, small cracks appeared. Then we

stirred a little solution and rubbed the cracks with a brush. This operation must be done once a week with continuous operation of the stove. Since then, the furnace has already worked for two winters, during which time only five kilograms of chamotte mortar were consumed for repairs. While the village house is heated by the stove, we will use this mixture to repair the stove.

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