In detail: a ladder for repairing a roof with your own hands from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
The roof of a building is the basis for safe living in it. It protects residents from precipitation and adverse weather conditions. Preventive examinations, carried out twice a year, are required to detect even the slightest damage. But how to climb onto the roof and carry it out if the slope of the slope is very large? You will need a ladder for the roof here. I will tell you how to do it in this article.
The ladder to the roof can be used not only for preventive examinations, but also used in the following cases:
When there is a need to clean ventilation or chimney ducts
During repair work
For cleaning the surface from various debris or snow
If the roof surface is installed with materials that are very sensitive to loads and movement on them will negatively affect their structure
As evidence of the last point, I can give several examples of such products. They are modern coatings made of polymers, laid by the pouring method and some membranes. Human weight is sufficient for the local destruction of these coatings.
A high-quality ladder for roof repairs should carry maximum stability and reliability. I will tell you how to do it right a little later, but for now, let's look at their types.
The staircase can be made of almost any material, but these types are considered reference:
Wooden
Non-dismountable metal. Most often made of steel or aluminum
Prefabricated metal
All of the above types can be used on any type of roof, regardless of their slope and configuration.
Video (click to play).
Wooden stairs are assembled from a specific set of lumber. It includes two long boards, small-sized bars with ground corners, auxiliary parts. This type of staircase is usually placed on top of the roofing material. Their fixation takes place at several points of the roof. If it is mounted on slate or metal tiles, then the fasteners are best arranged in the lower part of the wave. To protect the tree from decay, it is best to treat it with antiseptics, and then paint it with paints and varnishes.
As for metal structures, they are erected from steel or aluminum pipes with a suitable diameter for this. They are fixed on the roof slope using special brackets. These fasteners must necessarily have rubberized pads. Factory-made staircases are made from a galvanized product, on top of which paint is applied. It acts as a protective layer and is applied by spraying. As a rule, such elements are painted black, brown or white. If you decide to order a staircase, and not buy it ready-made, then you can set this parameter to a completely different shade.
Prefabricated structures are usually made up of a small number of parts. These include wall and roof sections. Thanks to this design, they can be lifted directly from the ground. The height of the wall part should not reach the eaves of about 10 centimeters, as for the distance from the wall, the minimum value is 20 centimeters. The device of a ladder closer than this distance is prohibited.
The section of the ladder on the roof is joined to the wall ladder using the same brackets.Their pins go through the roofing, therefore, these places must be treated with moisture-resistant sealants. If you did not have enough distance to the roof overhang, then you can purchase additional ladder modules. The connection of these parts is carried out using the bolt method.
The staircase to the roof of the house may well be created on your own. Before starting the process itself, let's look at some of the nuances of this case.
To create a high-quality and sustainable structure, you will need the following materials:
Two long boards with a section of 16x2.5 centimeters
A certain number of bars with a cross section of 4x4 centimeters. Everything will depend on the distance between these elements and the length of the support boards.
100mm nails
Putting the structure together, you need to remember some of the nuances.
Boards should have a minimum width of 16 centimeters. If this parameter is not enough, then calculations for finding the distributed load will help determine
If the plane of your roof is laid from corrugated material, then the distance between the support boards must be selected according to the distance between the waves. The structure is created of such a width so that the boards are located on the lower waves of the roofing
The bars that will be installed as steps are best grinded. This will make you feel more stable on the stairs. If you place a large number of steps, then it will be very difficult for you to climb, while you will significantly increase the mass of this structure.
The fasteners are ordinary nails. Their minimum length should be 100 millimeters. In the case of stitching the material through, the sharp ends must be sunk in the wood
If you need the ladder to be independently held on the roof slope, then you must provide a triangular holder. It is worth noting that for greater stability, it should go to the reverse side of the roof by about a third of the slope length.
The auxiliary triangular holder is made from the same lumber as the ladder itself. As a material, you will need thick boards and long nails of about 15-20 centimeters.
A ladder for a roof with your own hands is quite simple to assemble, it is enough to have all the necessary tools and materials. It is best to make some indentations for the steps to have a stronger stability in the support boards. They can be produced using a drill with a special round nozzle. Thanks to it, you can also drill through the board and create a more beautiful structure, but you should not get carried away with holes. A large amount weakens the entire structure.
It is best to tap small pieces of a block under the created indentations. In case of damage to the main fasteners, they will give an additional emphasis and this element will not fail during operation.
Hopefully, this information will be enough to understand how to make a ladder for a roof.
The ladder for the roof, consisting of separate parts for safety reasons, is not assembled on the roof surface, but on the ground. This will allow you to get the job done in a safer environment, resulting in faster completion times. As a preparatory work, it is necessary to find the required length, and only then assemble it.
The assembly work then proceeds to welding. During this process, the ridge and base fasteners must be installed. The rest of the fasteners are placed in increments of 2 meters.
After completing the previous points, the structure is lifted onto the roof. It is worth noting that workers should be equipped with safety harnesses, tested cables, gloves and non-slip shoes.
VIDEO The raised ladder is attached to the top board of the sheathing and left on it.The workers themselves start assembling the wall part of the structure. It is being erected identically to the roof. With only a slight difference. Instead of brackets, wall supports are welded. Their step is approximately 2 meters. Handrails are mounted as protection.
After the device and fastening of these parts, they are docked. This area should be equipped with additional fall protection.
VIDEO
For convenience and speed of installation, it is better to purchase lightweight staircase structures, for example, aluminum. Despite the fact that the released products have a protective layer of paint, it is better to play it safe and apply another one. It should be understood that the oxidation of metals is a complex process. Therefore, use fasteners with an identical material, otherwise your structure will very soon be covered with rust, even if it has a large number of layers of protection.
Responsible owners should always carry out preventive inspections of their roof, and a high-quality lifting structure will allow this to be carried out without problems.
Throughout the history of its existence, a person has come up with a huge number of various devices to facilitate the performance of operations, from the simplest ones, such as a hammer, to especially complex ones, such as a car, calculator or computer.
Content:
DIY roof ladder
Types of stairs
Tools and materials for making stairs
Installation
Fixing the ridge ladder
In order to be able to perform various works on the roof, man invented a ladder. Agree, this is much more convenient than climbing a roof on a tree or along a sheer wall. Moreover, making a ladder with your own hands is actually very simple.
When purchasing a ready-made staircase, you must also remember that the use of a product with inappropriate operating parameters is fraught with a host of problems, ranging from the destruction of the roof covering and ending with injury and mutilation.
What should you do in this situation? Without a doubt, the best solution would be to independently install the stairs, since during its manufacture you can calculate all the necessary dimensions and parameters of the finished product on your own.
In order to build a staircase for the roof with your own hands, you do not need to have special construction skills, since this is an easy task, the main thing is to accurately calculate everything and correctly install the device. It is necessary to decide on the type of product.
After we decide on the type, we should decide what kind of material we will make it from. It is easiest to build a ladder for a roof with your own hands at home from wood, especially since we do not need any special tools to complete this task.
Screwdriver or just a screwdriver
Hammer
Roulette
Saw or jigsaw
Self-tapping screws or 100 mm nails
Wooden blocks measuring 40X40 millimeters, as well as boards and pieces of timber 40 by 60 mm thick
Wooden boards measuring from 16 to 2.5 m
Installation of this device will make all roofing work as convenient and safe as possible. The ladder will be indispensable when arranging the upper roofing part, as well as a fireplace or chimney and installing an antenna.
Before starting work, you should prepare all the necessary tools and materials, as well as correctly calculate the angle of inclination and length of the roof slopes.
It should be noted that the large width for the side boards was not chosen by chance, it is necessary in order not to damage the roofing material when performing high-rise work. This width of side boards is especially relevant for onduline and slate coatings.
In the event that the roof is made of wavy material, this must be taken into account when calculating the width of the product.
For the convenience of the location of a person's feet, the transverse bars should be of sufficient width, since if the position is inconvenient, the legs will quickly get tired during work and you will have to forget about the high quality of work.
Also, steps should not be placed too often: this will increase the weight of the product, which can lead to damage to the coating.
The steps should be fastened with nails having a length of 100 mm, which, after hammering in, should be sunk into the wood of the boards from the opposite side so that the product does not damage the new coating.
Due to the fact that the product will be exposed to extreme loads during operation, it should be fastened especially carefully, since otherwise the worker may fall from a height. The hook is made from planks of sufficient thickness and nailed to the structure with nails ranging from 150 to 200 mm long.
When making a hook, it is imperative to correctly calculate and take into account the angle of inclination of the slopes. The side boards of the hook must be made 40-60 cm more so that they protrude beyond the upper edge of the ridge and ensure reliable fixation of the ladder to the roof.
When the roof has a significant angle of inclination of the slopes, then the staircase should be of the highest quality, also in this case it is advisable to attach a counterweight from the boards to the hook from the back side. If, despite all the calculations, the product turned out to be short, then it can be increased with the help of overlapping boards.
Various tool hooks should not be screwed onto the structure, as clothes can catch on them during operation, as a result of which you lose balance and fall. It is much wiser to use a special mounting belt for convenient positioning of tools when performing high-altitude work, which is much safer.
It is not difficult to make a staircase with your own hands, the main thing is to correctly calculate the angle of inclination of the slopes and the length of the future product, since this will allow you to install the structure as correctly and quickly as possible.
We recommend reading more:
VIDEO
Any zealous homeowner periodically checks the technical condition of his home. This is the only way to timely detect defects and damage, even if they are minor. Even they may one day turn into a big problem, the solution of which will require large-scale work and rather large investments.
When it comes to roof maintenance or repair, it’s hard to imagine that you can do without the use of special devices, which are easy to navigate and maintain balance. For example, in order to move freely on the roof, a ladder for the ridge of the roof with a hook is practiced. They cling to the skate and perform work, if necessary, standing or sitting, and without additional reinforcement.
You can buy stairs to the roof of a house at almost any building base or hardware store. However, finished products have certain disadvantages. Usually, first of all, their high cost is mentioned, but they have a big drawback that manifests itself during operation. Often, the operating parameters of the finished staircase for roof repair do not coincide with the technical characteristics of the roofing material, for example, with the step of the waves. Accordingly, there is a real risk of destroying the roofing sheets, that is, these are additional costs for replacing them, and may result in injury.
Drawings, taking into account the required dimensions and dimensions of the future product, are not at all difficult to prepare yourself. In principle, there is nothing complicated here, it is important to calculate everything correctly and then accurately mount the device.
The main varieties are classified according to their immediate purpose:
pitched, they are used to organize work on the roof;
wall-mounted, along them from the ground they rise to the roof;
emergency, as the name implies, are needed in emergencies.
They must meet certain conditions.
the top step is positioned in accordance with the height of the edge of the eaves or roof ledge. The maximum allowable level difference is about 10 cm;
the lower crossbar - at a distance of 1 m from the ground with an error of 0.2 m in one direction or the other;
lifting legs should be located as close to the eaves as possible;
in the presence of additional pipes with a length of 0.6 m, the fastening for the ladder to the roof in the upper part is carried out using special fasteners;
the structure should be 0.2–1.30 m away from the wall;
the minimum step of the steps must be 10 cm
the place of installation is determined during the design and must be indicated on the drawing of the house;
in certain cases, for example, on a sloping roof, under which an attic is arranged, it is more convenient to install an internal one instead of an external wall structure. It takes away part of the living space, therefore it is recommended to mount a hinged ceiling or screw structure.
This design allows you to comfortably get to the objects located on the roof. The ladder, placed on the ramp, is securely attached to the ridge beam using high brackets. In the area of the cornice, the pitched structures turn into wall structures.
At the same time, on the roof slope, parallel to the cornice, a special platform, the so-called transition bridge, is installed. The platform simplifies movement on the surface of the slope and significantly increases safety during roofing work, since it minimizes the likelihood of falling from the roof.
Sometimes it becomes necessary to shorten or lengthen the pitched structure. In the first case, the excess is sawn off, and in the second, connecting strips are used.
Today, aluminum fixtures are very popular. The aluminum profile is considered to be lightweight, easy-to-use and wear-resistant material. One of the requirements of GOST is to ensure the safety of work at height, in particular, slipping. Therefore, these roofing devices are made corrugated.
Aluminum stairs from Krause are in high demand in our market. The characteristics of the product only emphasize its merits.
For the manufacture of the sidewall of the product and rigid crossbars with a curved shape, which ensures safe lifting, high-alloy aluminum is used.
They have the possibility of lengthening: special holes on the sidewalls allow you to connect two ladders together.
It is easy to climb along them, since the distance between the steps is not very large.
Roof hooks, with which the fixture is fixed to the roof surface, have been replaced in the Krause range by a much more convenient folding bracket.
Their main purpose is to organize evacuation in case of fire. Any building structure is subject to certain state standards. Fire escapes to the roof are no exception. GOST regulates the quality, characteristics and dimensions of the manufactured structure.
Here are some of the mandatory standards:
if the height of the device exceeds 6 m, it is equipped with fences that will ensure safe operation;
the steps must comply with safety standards, precipitation, all kinds of materials, both liquids and bulk, must pass through them without hindrance;
they must take a load of about 180 kg;
the metal ladder must have an anti-corrosion protective layer;
in their manufacture, non-toxic materials should be used that do not have harmful emissions during combustion;
the maximum horizontal load on the barriers is 54 kgf.
After commissioning, a mandatory procedure is the test of fire escapes and roof fences. It is repeated at intervals of five years, however, an external examination is recommended to be performed every year.During visual inspection, in particular, attention is paid to the appearance of:
rust, which is known to cause structural failure;
cracks in beams and defects in welded seams, etc.
In the private sector, a wooden staircase is often installed. The reasons are obvious, because in comparison with the metal profile, wood is a more widespread and easy-to-use material. To make it with your own hands from wood, you will need:
If we are talking about a roof made of slate or ondulin, then given the fragility of these materials, it is better to choose boards that are available in a large width. So that the waves are not damaged when using the structure, the width of the product must be a multiple of the wave amplitude. For example, if this step is 100 mm, then the distance from one axis of the fixture to another can be 500, 600 or 700 mm. In this case, it will lie flat on the roof, and the coating will remain intact.
The crossbars are made of bars, since it is not only convenient to stand on them when working on the roof, but also to sit down. If necessary, you can hold on to such a step. A wide board does not provide such opportunities.
To begin with, they are determined with the length of the stairs. It is better to choose the number of steps in accordance with your height. Extra steps make it heavier, which creates additional load on the roof. According to the obtained value, the boards for the sidewalls are cut, then the bars are nailed, which will serve as steps. After hammering in, 100mm nails are sunk from the back in the body of the boards to protect the roofing from damage.
Then you can move on to the hook with which the structure is hooked to the ridge. It should protrude beyond the ridge girder, so its length should exceed 30–40 cm. A heavy board is attached to the opposite side of the roof as a counterweight. Particular attention is paid to the reliability of the hook, because it must withstand not only the weight of the structure, but also the person on it. It is not only nailed to the stairs, but also additionally secured with a metal plate or corner.
For fastening the thick boards from which the hook is made, nails with a length of 150-200 mm are used. In this case, the slope of the slopes must be taken into account. To adjust the angle that the hook and the base form, use special wedges or file the hook at the required angle.
It is also necessary to ensure that the structure does not slip. This can be done in different ways, for example, by stuffing ribbed rubber from below.
If the calculations turned out to be erroneous, and the structure turns out to be short, then it can be built up using overlapping boards.
There can be nothing superfluous on the board: no hooks for tools, no clothes, nothing else. There is a special construction belt for this. Violation of this rule can sometimes have irreparable consequences.
Roof work is best done with two people.
VIDEO
According to the requirements of modern building codes, the roofs of private residential buildings and utility buildings with a slope above a certain value must be equipped with a special ladder for working on the roof, which allows you to move along it without the risk of losing balance. The need to use such a ladder is explained by the need for periodic inspection of the surface of the roof covering in order to identify damaged areas on it that need urgent repair.
Needed for repair work
In addition to the ability to monitor the condition of the roof, the presence of a special ladder on the roof allows:
inspect the outlets of ventilation and chimney ducts located on the roof;
have access to the ridge of the roof, the condition of which also needs to be prevented;
and, finally, protect the roof from damage possible when moving directly over the roof itself.
The latter circumstance is explained by the fact that some types of roofing coverings are very sensitive to unforeseen operational loads and can deform or even partially collapse under the influence of human weight when moving directly over them.
Shingles are sensitive to loads
Such features are possessed by modern membrane or bulk polymer coatings, as well as bitumen shingles known to many, which can lose their protective properties as a result of partial destruction. When considering the need to equip the roof with a ladder, one should also not forget about the high risk of falling from a steep slippery slope, which poses a very real danger to human health.
Of course, such an auxiliary device may well be purchased by you ready-made in any specialized store. Nevertheless, the discussion of the topic on the construction of a ladder for the roof with his own hands arouses some interest among the user, who is used to doing everything on his own. But first, let's consider the known types of ladder structures used on the slopes of modern roofs.
Metal staircase
Known types of ladder structures used on roof slopes can have the following designs:
wooden stairs;
solid stairs made of metal (steel or aluminum);
prefabricated metal structures.
Wooden
All these options for ladder devices can be used on a wide variety of types of roofs, taking into account the peculiarities of their placement and fastening to the slopes. For the manufacture of wooden stairs, a standard set of wood blanks is used, which includes two support rails and several jumpers (the number of which is determined by the total length of the structure). Such stairs, as a rule, are laid directly on the roofing material with fixation at several points of the roof (for example, on a roof made of slate or metal tiles, fastening is carried out using special clamps mounted at the bottom of the wave).
Metal structures, as a rule, are made from steel pipes of a suitable diameter or from an aluminum profile of a standard size and are fixed to the roof using special brackets installed on rubberized gaskets. Industrial samples of such stairs are made of galvanized pipes with powder coating applied to their surface (the color of the protective coating can be any, but most often black, white or brown are used). When making your own stairs to the roof, this color can be chosen according to your taste, that is, individually.
Prefabricated metal structure
Prefabricated metal staircases are assembled by building up from several independent modules without the use of welding. To fix such structures on the roof and its elements, special fasteners or brackets are used, the choice of which is determined by the configuration of the slopes and the type of roofing material.
As a rule, for fixing a ladder structure on a metal roof, for example, from 2 to 10 roofing brackets and 2 ridge brackets are used. A similar set of fasteners can be used when installing stairs on a roof made of corrugated board with a low profile.
Prefabricated metal stairs consist of two parts (wall and roof sections), which allows you to climb them directly from the ground. When installing the wall part of such structures, it should be remembered that the distance from their upper step to the edge of the cornice should not be more than 10 cm, and the distance of the staircase itself from the wall should not be less than 20 cm.
Elements of a metal roof ladder
The prefabricated roof section is attached to the wall section by means of special brackets, the elements of which pass through the roof covering, which is sealed with moisture-resistant rubber gaskets. To obtain the required length, the modules of the staircase or its sections are joined together by bolted connections; in this case, the uppermost link is fixed on the ridge bar.
At the junction of the wall section of the staircase with its roofing part, restrictive handrails must be made to protect a person from falling.
Roof ladder diagram
We will consider the procedure for the independent manufacture of a separate staircase to the roof slope using the example of a wooden structure, as the simplest and cheapest to perform.
To equip such a staircase, you will need:
blanks for boards with a section of 160 × 25 mm;
a set of blanks and scraps of timber with a cross section of about 40 × 40 mm (40–60 mm);
a set of nails with a length of at least 100 mm.
Wooden staircase construction
When assembling a structure, the main attention should be paid to the following points:
The width of the support rails (at least 160 mm) is selected taking into account the obtaining of a distributed load, which excludes the possibility of damage to the roofing material.
On roofs with a wavy covering, the distance between the side rails made of wood should be chosen in multiples of the wavelength, which allows the staircase to be positioned with support on the depression.
For the manufacture of step-crossbars, it is more convenient to use bar blanks, since the leg is held on them better than on the boards. Note that you should not frequent when choosing the distance between adjacent steps, since this, on the one hand, increases the weight of the finished structure, and on the other hand, reduces the convenience of moving along it.
The steps are fastened to the guides with 100 mm nails, which must be bent on the reverse side (with the tip hidden in the wood material).
In order to be able to fix the ladder on the ridge, at its upper end, it is necessary to provide a special element in the form of an additional thickening from the scraps of the bar. Particular attention should be paid to the reliability of its attachment to the base of the stairs.
Fastening element
Support element manufacturing option
Ridge support element
Such an additional fastening element can be made of boards of sufficient thickness, which are attached to the base with nails of at least 150-200 mm in size. To securely attach the ladder to the ridge, the thickness of the hook must be at least 30 cm.
You can also make a prefabricated structure
Before making a ladder in the form of a composite metal structure, we recommend that you pre-assemble it directly on the ground, which will allow you to perform all the necessary procedures in a safe environment. In the process of such an assembly, the required length of the future structure is first adjusted (in accordance with the dimensions of the equipped slope). After that, on the base of the ladder, the elements of its fastening to the ridge are mounted, and the roofing brackets are welded in with a step of about 2 meters.
And only after the completion of all these procedures, the finished structure rises to the roof and hooks the ridge bracket onto the top board of the sheathing. In the same way, that is, the wall part of the staircase is assembled on the ground. During the assembly process, wall supports are mounted on it with a step of about 2 meters, as well as restrictive handrails. In addition, additional brackets are welded to the uppermost wall supports, which are used to secure the structure to the cornice.
Attached to the roof with brackets
And only after this is the docking of the wall span of the staircase with the main part already placed on the roof (using two connecting brackets). During installation, it is necessary to ensure that its lower step-crossbar is at a height of about one meter above the ground, and the upper one is about 10 cm above the level of the eaves.
At the final stage of the assembly, the brackets, pre-installed on the roof section of the stairs, are fixed at pre-marked points of the slope with the obligatory use of special sealing gaskets.
An option for making a wooden staircase in the following video:
VIDEO
If it is necessary to carry out roofing work, the question often arises of how to make a ladder to the roof. There are many guidelines for suspended and suspended installations made of wood and aluminum. To ensure the most comfortable and safe installation, it is important to adhere to the basic requirements and rules. You also need to stock up on the necessary tools and materials.
Below is the topic of how to make a ladder for work on the roof, what materials will be required for manufacturing:
Boards 16x2.5 cm.
Beam 4x4 cm.
Self-tapping screws 10 cm.
Trimming boards and beams with a thickness of 4-6 cm.
Basic manufacturing requirements:
The increase in the width of the side board is provided to prevent damage to the roof covering by the stairs.
In a situation where it is necessary to find a way out of the situation regarding the question of how to make a ladder to the roof with your own hands, it often happens that the roof is equipped with wavy material. Then the gap of the sides should have a multiple of the distance between the wave crests.
For example, if the gap between the ridges is 10 cm, the distance between the boards will correspond to the parameters of 50, 60 or 70 cm. This contributes to the even laying of the structure without damaging the waves.
The rungs for the steps are made of timber, since it is much more convenient to stand on them than on thin boards.
Homemade ladders for work on the roof
Having decided to make a staircase for roof repair, you can be guided by two motivations:
The leg is at a comfortable distance from the overlap.
The foot area allows you to sit down if necessary.
Thin steps will quickly cause fatigue in your feet and become a source of inconvenience in other areas.
Frequent arrangement of steps is not recommended. The close placement of the rungs affects the increase in the weight of the staircase. They will also interfere with its operation.
In order to correctly determine the dilemma of how to make a ladder to climb the roof, to fix the steps, it is necessary to prepare 10 cm nails. They are bent on the other side, sinking the point into the wood. Fixing steps with screws is less reliable, especially with a thin base.
To prevent damage to the roof, it is necessary to check the bends of the nails after placing the steps.
Then a "hook" is created - a structure that allows the staircase to be hooked to the ridge of the roof. The hook can carry loads from the ladder and the user.
If you need a ladder for the roof, making it yourself is not difficult. First you need to prepare thick boards. Then they are fixed with nails 15-20 cm. The length of the hook is equal to 30 cm. With an increase in the value, increased reliability is provided.
Often, on the opposite side, a counterweight is placed in the form of a board, which allows the staircase to be hooked. Adjustment of the angle between the hook and the base of the ladder is provided by means of special blades or by cutting the hook at a given angle. It may not match the installation angle.
Armed with a protractor and a level, you can easily cope with the task of how to make a ladder to the roof of a house. With a small (20-30º) slope of the roof slope, the ridge angle is close to 60-70º. This requires creating a large hook or creating a solid counterweight on the back. As an example, the board mentioned above can be considered.
If the length of the base is not sufficient, it is necessary to build up by means of a nailed auxiliary board with an overlap.
It is not recommended to equip the ladder with different tool hooks.Clothes cling to them, which leads to a loss of balance. Alternatively, you can use a special construction belt.
Many will have a question regarding the visual display of the structure on the roof. Therefore, below is a brief information on the topic of how to make a ladder to the roof in the video:
VIDEO
Attention! The ladder is moved by two people.
One user sits on a skate, and the second, being on the ground or on a scaffold, slightly lifts the ladder structure and the two of them push it in a given position.
The side supports are called bowstrings. They are constructed from 2 beams (size 25x60-70mm, etc.). The bars are laid on top of each other with a wide face. They are nailed with nails (7-8 cm). Step every 20-25 cm. Nails are hammered from different sides. The sharp parts are bent and hammered into the solid.
After creating two bowstrings, the steps are sawn and nailed to the bowstrings. To do this, you should pre-drill the gaps in the steps. There should be at least 3 nails on all sides. You can pre-prepare staples or strips of metal 1.5-2.0mm.
Both bowstrings are created at a time by sawing in two a spruce pole with a section of 8-10 cm at the top. Sanding is performed. The steps are created from similar thin chocks, chopped in two. All sharp corners are cut off with an ax. The steps are nailed down. The dried staircase is painted with a non-slip surface for outdoor use. This affects the increase in service life.
The assembly of the staircase to the slope is carried out on the ground. The brackets for fixing the ridge are fixed to the product. Then, roof supports are placed at the attachment points of the crossbars, the step is 2 m.
The specified installation length is measured along the roof slope. Excess material is cut off, then the assembled structure is raised to the roof and fixed to the upper boards included in the structure of the sheathing.
Attention! On the ground, the staircase is also assembled for the walls.
A handrail and wall supports are mounted. Their step is close to 2 m. Brackets for cornices are connected to the upper supports for the walls. Following this, the ladder installation is placed in the right place and fixed to the march placed on the roof. This requires 2 brackets, and the cornice brackets are fixed to the supports on the walls.
It is important to ensure that the bottom rail for the wall surface is positioned close to 100 cm above the ground. The location of the upper crossbar is carried out at a height of 10 cm from the eaves.
Then pre-assembled brackets are attached to the bottom and top of the battens. Seals are installed between the brackets and the roofing sheets. By means of brackets, the transition bridge is fixed.
Scheme of another option for the design
To calculate the height of the structure, you should install the board on the ground at the point where the staircase is provided. This is followed by a horizontal check.
When determining the slope of a flight of stairs, a range is selected within the range of 30 - 45 degrees. When decreasing the angle, a lot of space is required. The angle is determined by the number and height of the steps. For example, you can use a simple ratio: provided that the height and width of the steps are 20 cm, the slope will be 45 degrees. If the width is 22 cm and the height is 19 cm, the slope is 40.5 grams.
When calculating the parameters of a step, it is necessary to provide that the foot is completely placed on the step, without touching its elements. Raising the leg should not be more than 30 cm.
Video (click to play).
The storage of the structure is carried out along the walls of the house. If its placement is carried out in a suspended state on a metal hook, it will exclude rain and drying in the sun.
