DIY aquarium pump

In detail: do-it-yourself aquarium pump repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

Without submersible pumps, not a single well will function properly. This very robust-looking device really is, and is distinguished by its reliability and duration of operation without emergencies.

Connected submersible pump ready to be lowered into the well

Failure of submersible pumps is an extremely rare occurrence (of course - with proper operation). But if it happens, then timely repair of deep-well pumps is necessary in order to avoid additional, sometimes more serious, problems in the water supply system from the well. Fortunately, you can make such repairs yourself.

Due to the fact that the pumping device constantly interacts with water, it is constantly influenced by various negative factors. Fortunately, such negative factors rarely lead to lightning-fast breakdowns, usually the pump's performance is disrupted gradually, gradually and noticeably for the exploiters.

And this means that if small defects are found, it is not necessary to radically replace the deep-well pump, since you can do the repair yourself. By the way, replacing a submersible pump with minor breakdowns is practically never carried out at all. Submersible pumps are even easier to repair, including by hand, than submersible pumps.

In the overwhelming majority of cases of breakdowns of deep-well pumps, it is the magnet of the pumping device that fails. Such a breakdown is most often observed in submersible pumps of the "Sprut" and "Aquarius" brands. Unfortunately, in this case, do-it-yourself repairs will not work, since the equipment for repairing the pump magnet is available only at specialized enterprises. In such a situation, the pump must immediately be taken for repair to specialists..

Video (click to play).

Another thing is extraneous noise when the pumping device is running. Here we are already talking about a breakdown of a mechanical nature. In the overwhelming majority of cases, mechanical damage can be eliminated by hand.

The first step in case of extraneous noise is to disassemble the pumping device for parts. In cases where noises are heard from pumps of the "Sprut" or "Aquarius" brand, it is necessary first of all to check the electrical system of the pump, which includes both the engine itself and the automation system.

Subsurface pump with connected hose

Pumps of the brand "Sprut" and "Aquarius" have breakdowns most often in these systems, which, however, can be repaired quite simply with your own hands. Among other problems that often arise with pumps of the brand "Sprut" and "Aquarius" are breakdowns of the time relay and the protection system against short circuits or dry running.

The reasons for such breakdowns can be the gradual blockages of the internal pumping system with foreign objects from the well soil. In addition, the operation of the pump in dry mode can also become a serious problem, since at such a "stroke" the oil quickly runs out, which leads to uneven and uneven operation of the internal mechanisms of the pump.

In such a situation, over time, the parts undergo deformation, up to the impossibility of repairing in principle. That is why any pumping device, especially popular in the CIS brands "Aquarius" and "Sprut", must undergo constant diagnostics for internal problems, preferably by specialists.

The rarest reasons for the failure of a pumping system are the following:

overheating of the working fluid when its temperature exceeds 40 degrees Celsius;
improper attachment of the submarine cable.

These problems are typical not only for pumps of the brands "Aquarius" and "Sprut", but in general for everyone, since the reasons that led to such problems are in no way connected with the quality of the pump, but directly depend on the professionalism of the pump installer.
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If you find that the device is not working properly, you should not immediately try to fix it, even if the reason is obvious. Initially, you need to check the device for the presence of either minor problems that are not so obvious at the first inspection, or for the presence of a major problem, when it is initially not clear at all why the device does not work.

Subsurface pump with accumulated deposits on the casing

On the submersible pumps of the brands "Sprut" and "Aquarius", as, indeed, on any others, the first thing we do is to check whether there was a banal overload, due to which the automatic device and the entire pumping system as a whole could turn off.

disassemble the junction box;
make a visual inspection of the inside - a burnt-out part will be immediately noticeable (a burning smell can also be felt).

If the cause of the breakdown is not clear, then you need to remove the impeller from the pump motor and check whether the motor itself rotates directly in a free state or not.

It is important to know that most modern pumping devices are manufactured in single phase. A so-called "smoothing capacitor" is connected to them, thanks to which the engine starts up more smoothly and smoothly. There is a special winding around it.

In such pumps, the engine most often burns out. Actually for this reason, it is necessary to remove the impeller. And after removing the impeller, you must try to scroll the shaft manually. Thanks to the pre-vacated space, due to the removal of the impeller, this is not difficult to do.

But if the shaft is not spinning, then you need to think about mechanical failure. To be more precise, you should think about engine jamming.

This can happen for the reason that small or, in other cases, large particles of soil constantly get into the engine.

This only happens if the engine does not have an additional protective filter. Actually, these particles can be the cause of such problems. It is noteworthy that if they are not promptly removed from the motor of the pumping device, then this will gradually lead to the fact that the entire stator winding will completely burn out. She, obviously, cannot be repaired, only replaced. However, if the shaft has no problems with rotation, then the lower part of the motor can be assembled.
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Before starting to disassemble the upper part of the electric motor, be sure to place it in an upright position. This is really necessary, as installing the electric motor in the wrong position can lead to oil leakage, which is the working fluid in pumping systems..

After installing the electric motor in the required vertical position, it is imperative to remove the cover through which the power wires of the installed electric motor pass. Actually, when you remove the cover, you can immediately diagnose the starting capacitor for problems. To do this, it will be necessary to use an ohmmeter in order to check the resistance of both the starting and its own working winding.

Therefore, further you need to take the ohmmeter terminals and connect them directly to the winding itself. Next, you need to rotate the handle, which will then create the required voltage of 200 - 300 volts. When the resistance readings on the device do not reach infinity, and this has a certain value, it can be assumed that the condition of the winding is satisfactory or even ideal.

But in cases where the device detects resistance reaching infinity, we can safely say that there is a problem in the form of a break in the operating phase of the motor.

Blockage of the inside of the submersible pump

When the device detects too little resistance, we can say that there is a so-called turn-to-turn circuit. Unfortunately, if one of the above possible problems occurs, then an attempt to fix everything with your own hands will not be crowned with success, and the unit will need to be taken to specialists who have the equipment necessary for repairing.

However, in most cases, the problems described above require not so much a partial or complete repair as a complete replacement of all defective parts. Especially when it comes to winding.

If the device says that all the checked elements of the pumping system are in perfect working order, it is necessary to carefully examine the starting capacitor. Under such circumstances, most often the cause of a malfunction of the entire system is precisely its breakdown. In addition, it can be in a state of the so-called breakage.

Unfortunately, at first glance, this problem may not be striking, but when diagnosed with a special device, an ohmmeter, the malfunction will surely come out. And already in these cases, it will be possible to repair the starting capacitor on its own. However, most often, the repair of a starting capacitor can only be called a complete replacement, since its breakdown, and most often it is overheating and combustion of the capacitor, is a fatal breakdown.

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A pumping station is an excellent solution for organizing water supply in a private household. An unexpected breakdown of this complex of devices can cause a lot of trouble for the owners. Fortunately, most breakdowns are typical and can be repaired at home. You should find out in advance how to repair equipment with your own hands. We will talk about this now - stay with us and you will learn a lot of new things!

In order for the water supply system to function successfully, it is necessary to provide a certain level of pressure and water pressure. When there is no access to centralized water supply, this problem is easily solved with the help of a pumping station. It usually consists of:

pump;
membrane storage tank;
automatic control unit (pressure switch, pressure gauge, etc.).

The pump pumps water, which enters the tank. When the pressure in the tank reaches a certain maximum level, the pump turns off. Gradually, the water from the tank is consumed for various needs and the pressure drops. At the minimum pressure level, the pump turns on again and water flows into the tank. The process is controlled automatically.

With the help of such a unit, you can provide a house, a bathhouse and other buildings located on the site with water supply. Having studied the principle of work, you need to start studying possible breakdowns and ways to eliminate them.

Having studied the principle of operation and the device of the pumping station, you can do it yourself repair

In the world, as the classics reasonably argue, nothing lasts forever, this also applies to equipment. Unexpected malfunctions in the operation of pumping equipment, its stoppage or incorrect operation can be caused by a number of reasons, such as:

lack of electricity;
lack of water in the system;
breakdown of the pump;
breakage of the membrane tank;
damage to the automatic unit, etc.

The device of household pumping units is not particularly difficult, and this allows you to do the repair yourself. In some cases, it is necessary to disassemble the pump and replace the damaged part. Sometimes it is necessary to seal a crack in the tank, and sometimes it is enough just to check for the presence of electricity. In each specific case, you need to determine why the pump does not pump water, and find a "recipe" for solving the problem. If it was not possible to find an acceptable solution to the problem, you need to contact the specialists.

Below we will consider a number of problems and malfunctions that may arise during the operation of a pumping station.

Cause: Violation of the tightness of the conductive pipelines, the check valve does not work correctly, there is no water in the pipeline or pump.

Solution: first, you should check for the presence of water in the pipeline or pump. If it is missing, you just need to add it to the pump through the hole provided for this or lower the suction hose (or the pump itself) deeper. Maintain the maximum permissible distance between the pump and the water level.

Now you need to check the condition of the check valve and the tightness of the joints, and then eliminate the problems found. If all these measures do not help, it is possible that the pump is damaged by abrasives that have got into the water, for example, sand. In this case, you will have to disassemble the pump and replace its impeller or housing. In some cases it is necessary to install a new pump.

Please note that before starting work it does not hurt to check the voltage in the mains. If it is insufficient (a typical situation in rural areas), the pump will not pump water, although it will turn on.

Cause: The answer to the question why the pumping station is turned on too often is most often that some part of the hydraulic tank is damaged. Because of this, the equipment does not build up pressure.

The hydraulic tank of the pumping station consists of a body and a membrane located inside

Solution: First you need to press on the nipple located on the back of the tank. If water flows out of it (air should come out), then the inner membrane is torn, it should be replaced.

Another possible reason why the pressure in the accumulator of the unit does not correspond to the normal value is a violation of the tightness of the case. You need to find a crack or hole and repair it. Sometimes, in order to solve the problem, it is enough just to pump the missing amount of air into the tank using a conventional pump. The standard value of the pressure in the tank is 1.5-1.8 atmospheres.

The missing air can be pumped into the diaphragm tank through a standard threaded union with a spool

It should be noted that sometimes water is supplied intermittently due to leakage at the joints of the suction pipeline. It must be checked along its entire length and the cracks found to be repaired.

Cause: There is no power supply.Solution: It is necessary to check and, possibly, clean the burnt contacts of the pressure switch, check the integrity of the winding. The fact that the engine has burnt out will become clear by the smell characteristic of burning insulating materials.Cause: the condenser is broken or the impeller is "stuck" to the pump casing. This situation often occurs with pumps that have been idle for several months.Solution: To start a locked impeller, just rotate it manually a couple of times. After that, the pump should turn on. If the capacitor is broken, it will have to be replaced.Cause: The pressure switch is malfunctioning.Solution: It is necessary to adjust the pressure switch of the pumping station. To do this, use two springs located on the relay: a large and a small one. The large spring is responsible for adjusting the lower pressure limit, and with the small spring, they adjust the difference between the minimum and maximum values. All manipulations with the pressure switch must be done with extreme caution.To find out the reasons why the equipment does not turn off, be sure to check the condition of the inlet of the pressure switch. Sometimes it gets clogged by particles and sediments in the water. In this case, the hole must be cleaned and the operation of the pressure switch checked.It should be remembered that the regulation of the pressure switch of the pumping station must be treated with great care. If this unit is not properly adjusted, it can cause serious damage to the entire station, and the manufacturer's warranty does not cover such cases.First you need to achieve the correct pressure in the accumulator. To do this, the device is disconnected from the network, and water is completely drained from the tank. Then, using a pump with a pressure gauge or a household compressor, the required pressure level is created in the hydraulic tank. Now you need to unscrew the plastic cover on the pressure switch to gain access to the control springs.The minimum pressure for starting the pump is adjusted using a large spring (2, see figure). Turning the spring clockwise increases this value, and turning it counterclockwise decreases it. To set the required range between the maximum and minimum pressure limits, turn the pressure differential adjustment spring (1, see illustration). Turning the nut clockwise expands the range, and turning it counterclockwise narrows it.The pressure switch of the pumping station is regulated by a large and a small springThen the cover of the pressure switch must be installed in place, the required volume of water must be poured into the pumping station and the power supply must be connected. The maximum pressure in the system should be no more than 95% of the maximum possible outlet pressure, which is indicated by the manufacturer in the data sheet.

DIY pump station repair

If you want to move from a city apartment to a private house or to a summer cottage, then, undoubtedly, you will have to think about creating a full-fledged, efficiently working water supply system. Initial investments in such a system - arranging a water source and laying your own water supply system can cost more than connecting to the main utility networks, but in the future you will significantly save on the absence of payment for consumed water.

But, the ownership of its own water supply system imposes on the owner the obligation to maintain the equipment. So, any responsible homeowner must know how to repair a pumping station with his own hands.

The pumping station is the "heart" of your autonomous water supply system. A well-designed autonomous water supply system must include a well in its composition, which ensures the production of a sufficient volume of water to meet the needs of one or more households. In the overwhelming majority of cases, water from such a well has to be raised. Since the water in the wells lies at great depths, it is necessary to raise it from there with pumping devices. So that the pumps are not activated every time you turn on the water-folding device in your home, so that there is always constant pressure in the water supply system of your home, a pumping station is needed.

A classic pumping station consists of the following basic elements.

pumping device

Hydraulic accumulator (pressure accumulator)

Pump station pressure switch

As you can see, the concept of "pumping station" is only a collection of components and equipment that can be used by themselves. In industrially produced pumping stations, all the main units can be assembled in a single housing, but most of all the finished pumping station is a pumping device mounted on a pressure accumulator. Also, an automatic control device is fixed on a single frame.

During the warranty operation, problems in such equipment, as a rule, do not arise. In any case, malfunctions occurring at this time can be eliminated at service centers. However, with a long period of operation, various components of the pumping station may fail. Let's try to figure it out and find out how you can independently eliminate the most common malfunctions of pumping stations.

Let us consider sequentially all the main malfunctions of pumping stations, the reasons for their occurrence and ways to eliminate them on their own.

If you turn on the pumping station, the pump impeller rotates, but water does not flow into the pipeline, then certain factors may be the reason.

After removing the cover, inspect the condition of the impeller. You may need to replace it, of course if you find a suitable replacement part on the market. But the manufacturer's policy is that if any spare part is worn out, you will most likely have to change the pumping device (but not the entire pumping station).

The cause of such a defect may be the improper operation of the automation unit. Its main unit is a pressure gauge - a device that measures pressure. With such a jerky work, you will be able to observe how the pressure gauge readings rise to large values, and then sharply decrease.

The main reason for this disadvantage is damage to the membrane in the pressure accumulator of the pumping station (the very node that stretches when the volume of fluid in the system increases).

Rubber Diaphragm Accumulator Pressure Station Pumping Equipment

So you can disassemble the pumping equipment station

The diaphragm of the pressure accumulator is accessed through a nipple located at the back of the pressure accumulator housing. If you press on this nipple, air should come out of it. If water begins to flow from it when exposed, then it is time to change the membrane of the accumulator of the pumping station. To do this, disassemble the battery case by loosening the bolts and change the membrane.

Pressure Accumulator Diaphragm Replacement Procedure

Also, the reason for the operation of the pumping equipment station "jumps" can be air cushion pressure drop in the part of the pressure accumulator behind the diaphragm. Typically, the manufacturer pumps air up to 1.8 atmospheres into this part of the device. In the event of a leakage of the accumulator housing, air can escape and the accumulator ceases to perform its functions. You can pressurize the accumulator housing through the nipple located at the back of the unit. If microcracks have appeared in the body of your device due to rust, then the only way out can be by sealing the seams with the help of "cold welding" kits, or by completely replacing the accumulator body.

We pump the required pressure into the accumulator

Another reason for such a malfunction can be a banal breakdown of the automatic adjustment unit... Usually such devices are replaced entirely.

The cause of such a malfunction may be a partial intake of air into the water supply pipeline system. Such "suction" can occur on a segment located from the suction pipe with a filter to the inlet pipe of the pumping station. The disadvantage can be eliminated by ensuring the tightness of the pipelines and their connections, as well as by deeper immersion of the suction nozzle into the well.

The most likely cause of such a malfunction is poor adjustment of the relay that detects the pressure level in the pipeline system. The relay is regulated by two different springs:

small spring responsible for adjusting the difference in pressure indicators between max and min pressure;
larger spring sets the lower and upper limits for turning on and off the pumping device.

With prolonged operation of the automation unit, the springs can stretch and the indicators set during the initial adjustment get lost. In addition, during operation, the moving parts of the pump wear out and the maximum values of the pressure it generates decrease.

After prolonged use, reduce the maximum pressure reading by adjusting the position of the large spring.

Description of the control relay

Also, the reason for the malfunction of the control relay can be a narrowing of the relay outlet, which over time becomes clogged with deposits present in the pumped water. In this case, the relay must be removed and cleaned.

The pumping equipment station operates on electricity and its absence, or a voltage drop in the system, can cause the pumping device to turn off. Check the presence of electricity in the circuit and voltage with a tester.

If electricity is available and the pumping station is correctly connected, the cause of such a breakdown may be a breakdown of the winding of the electric motor. When it breaks down, the engine stops and a characteristic smell of burnt insulation arises. With such a malfunction, it is better to replace the entire electric motor.

Such a deficiency may occur after prolonged pump downtime... In this case, the rotor impellers can "stick" to the inner surface of the pumping device. Try to turn the pump shaft by hand. If you cannot touch the rotor with your hands, then disassemble the pump casing and eliminate the impeller defect (jamming).

Also, the cause of such a malfunction may be capacitor failurelocated in the terminal box of the device. This is especially true for motors connected in a three-phase scheme. An electrical tester is used to diagnose and correct this malfunction.

Also, the flaw can be caused by low voltage in the mains supply.

As you can see, the main breakdowns arising during the operation of pumping equipment stations can well be eliminated independently, without calling specialists.To learn more about pumping station repair technologies, watch the training video.

The main element of any autonomous water supply system is a pumping station, which, like any other technical device, can periodically fail. In order to return the pumping equipment to a working condition, you can use the services of specialized companies or repair the pumping station with your own hands. However, before proceeding with the repair of such technically complex equipment, it is necessary to identify the reasons why the pumping station for water does not function.

Disassembly of the submersible pump for diagnosis and troubleshooting

There are many reasons for malfunctions in the pumping station. They may be associated with a lack of power supply, improper water supply from a water supply source, a breakdown of the pump itself, failure of a hydraulic accumulator or elements that provide automatic control of equipment. Many of these reasons, leading to the fact that water supply stations do not work or function incorrectly, can be identified and eliminated at home, and professional skills and sophisticated equipment are not required for repairs.

Pumping stations, which are often called hydrophores, are actively used today to organize autonomous water supply systems for country houses and summer cottages, so the question of how to independently repair such equipment, if necessary, is quite relevant. Before figuring out how to repair a pumping station with your own hands, you need to understand what such stations consist of and on what principle they work.

Construction of a surface pumping station

A pumping station for equipping a water supply system for domestic purposes, which pumps liquid into the pipeline system, is installed on the surface of the earth, as close to the well as possible (as far as possible), and operates from the power supply network. The main structural elements of pumping stations that ensure the efficient and uninterrupted operation of such equipment in automatic mode are:

the water pump itself, which pumps water from a well or well and pushes it under pressure to the outlet pipe (for equipping pumping stations, it is mainly not a submersible pump that is used, but a surface pump);
a water intake hose that is immersed in water to the maximum possible level;
a check valve that prevents water from the suction pipeline from getting back into the well or well;
a mesh filter installed in front of the check valve and cleans the water pumped from the source from dirt and sand particles, the ingress of which into the inside of the pump can become one of the reasons for its failure;
a pressure sensor installed after the pump - on the pressure line (the main task of such a sensor operating in automatic mode is to turn on the pump if the water pressure in the water supply system drops to a critical value, and turn it off when it reaches the required parameters);
a water flow sensor, which is installed before the pump and does not allow it to idle (when water stops flowing from a well or well, such a sensor automatically turns off the device, preventing it from overheating);
a pressure gauge that allows you to measure the water pressure in the pipeline created by the pumping station.

Malfunctions of the pumping station, as mentioned above, can be determined by a number of reasons, the exact clarification of which will allow the repair to be carried out promptly and with the highest quality, returning the equipment to working condition.When diagnosing, carried out to find out the cause of a pumping station breakdown, it is not required to use complex equipment and have professional skills. It is possible to identify most of the characteristic malfunctions of pumping stations both by external signs and by using the devices with which such equipment and the water supply system are originally equipped.Among the malfunctions of pumping stations, several of the most characteristic ones can be distinguished, which each user is able to identify and eliminate on their own, using the advice of specialists during the repair.When starting a pumping station, it may happen that the pump with which it is equipped is running, and the liquid does not enter the water supply system. To determine why the pumping station does not pump water, it is necessary to analyze the individual parameters and operating conditions of the elements included in the equipment of the equipment.