Do-it-yourself uaz loaf maintenance and repair

In detail: do-it-yourself service and repair of a UAZ loaf from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

UAZ 452 "loaf" is a fairly reliable Soviet four-wheel drive SUV. The main breakdowns of this car are associated with leaks of lubricating fluids from the engine, gearbox (gearbox), front and rear axles, constant velocity joints (CV joints) and hubs. The main reason for the formation of such leaks is that the material from which the original seals and gaskets of the above units are made is partially corroded under the influence of modern lubricating fluids. Due to poor lubrication, moving metal parts are subject to heavy wear and must be replaced periodically. It is necessary to carry out preventive maintenance of the UAZ 452 at least once a year, change leaking oil seals and gaskets, and adjust the clutch.

The problem is that finding a factory manual for these SUVs is quite difficult. Therefore, we bring to your attention an instruction that will allow you to repair a car yourself.

As you know, the repair of a car engine begins with its dismantling. And only then disassembly, replacement of damaged parts and assembly is carried out. Overhaul of a power unit is not an easy task, so it is not worth doing it yourself, without the help of experienced craftsmen. But you can change the oil seals yourself.

The factory repair manual for the UAZ 452 car states: to remove the power unit, you need to lift it up from the engine compartment. With this method of dismantling, you need 2 strong pipes (longer than the width of the cab) and the help of 2 people.

Video (click to play).

That's it, the power unit is removed.

It is easy to check whether an engine overhaul is necessary: you need to put your hand to the open oil filler neck of a running engine. If the palm pushes out, then disassembly is required.

Quite often, in UAZ 452 cars, the free travel of the clutch pedal is not adjusted. This leads to increased wear of the driven disk and the need to replace it early. Adjusting the clutch of a UAZ 452 car is quite simple.

Clutch drive design.

Clutch pedal.
Brake pedal.
Springs.
Oiler.
Thrust bearing.
Clutch.
Clutch spring.
Lever arm.
Adjusting bolt.
Fork.
Pusher.
Fork spring.
Traction.
Grease nipple.

Clutch Pedal Adjustment

The factory manual for the repair of UAZ wagon-type vehicles sets the following unit parameters:

the gap between the pressure bearing and the screw heads of the levers - 2.5 mm;
pedal free travel - 28-35 mm;
full pedal travel - 145-155 mm.

Clutch adjustment is carried out as follows.

We measure the free and full travel of the clutch pedal with a ruler.
Remove the pedal springs and clutch fork.
We loosen the pusher nut.
Unscrew or twist the thrust end of the pusher until the recommended parameters are reached.
We tighten the pusher nut.
We put the springs back on.

After that, we check the combined and full pedal travel. If they correspond to the recommended parameters, we start the engine and check the operation of the clutch while driving. If it does not drive or skid, the clutch adjustment is complete. If something bothers you, we repeat the procedure until the desired result is obtained.

You can adjust the travel of the clutch pedal by changing the length of the lower links.

In order to facilitate access to the engine from the car interior, it is necessary to carry out a small modernization of the UAZ "loaf" body on our own.

In the wall separating the cab from the passenger compartment, there is a closed niche in which the rear of the engine is located.In this niche, you need to carefully cut a hole and install a homemade hatch on it. Such tuning of the UAZ "loaf" body with your own hands will save you from having to dismantle the cylinder head every time you need to adjust the valves or replace their pushers.

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UAZ 3741 - This is a four-wheel drive domestic utility vehicle, which in Soviet times was produced under the UAZ 452 index and for its characteristic body shape is called "Loaf". In the factory configuration, the car has an all-metal body, as well as a leaf spring suspension and two drive axles with non-locking differentials that transmit power to all four wheels.

Front-wheel drive is plug-in, rear-wheel drive is permanent. The bridges are unified with the 31512 model. The Loaf's carrying capacity is 850 kg. The ground clearance is 22 cm. Repair of the front axle 3741 is extremely rare, since its design is quite reliable. Basically, the repair comes down to replacing the wheel bearings, as well as the oil in the differential, pivots and ball bearings. However, sometimes it is still necessary to remove the bridge. You have to do this yourself, since UAZ service centers do not work everywhere.

Since the UAZ 3741 has a frame structure, the front axle can be removed quite easily. To do this, you need to stock up on a powerful jack, stops that can withstand 1.5 tons of the front of the car, and WD-40 - liquid for unscrewing the nuts.

The procedure is as follows:

First, you need to install stops under the rear wheels of the car.
After that, disconnect the left and right brake pipes from the hoses that go to the front wheel drums.
Then you need to unscrew the nuts securing the brake hoses and remove the hoses themselves.
Next, unscrew the nuts securing the lower ends of the shock absorbers.
Remove the bolts connecting the pinion flange c. front cardan.
Then you should unpin the cotter pin, unscrew the nut of the ball pin of the bipod.
Disconnect the link from the bipod.
Unscrew the nuts that secure the ladders of the front springs, and remove the ladders with pads and linings.
At the end, you need to lift the front of the car by the frame and pull the bridge out from under the car.

When the old bridge has been removed, you can proceed to the installation of the new part by performing the reverse procedure. If necessary, the removed unit is disassembled, its troubleshooting is carried out, damaged parts are replaced, and then the bridge is returned to its place.

Most often, the cause of inadequate behavior of the car on the road is a violation of the axial clearance of the pivots. It is very simple to check its violation - you just need to raise the front end with a jack and shake the wheel up and down. When axial play is detected, the pivot clearance needs to be adjusted.

Adjustment steps:

We lift in front of the car, after placing the car on the handbrake.
We dismantle the wheel.
We unscrew the ball bolts securing the oil seal.
We check the axial play by swinging the structure up and down.
We unscrew a few bolts of the upper lining of the king pin and remove the lining.
We take out the thinnest gasket, put the pad back.
We carry out the same actions with the lower pad of the king pin.
We tighten the bolts and check the result. When the backlash is eliminated, we screw the wheel and the oil seal back - and we go. If there is still play, adjust it again by removing the thicker spacers.

published with permission of the author, source>

Well .. at first I went by car to all kinds of picnics, shalyki, fishing. Everything was cool, if not for some points:

not everywhere you can go (good places are usually inaccessible for ordinary cars)
where you can go - there are already whole hordes of vacationers with all the attendant
you won't load too much
after almost every trip there was a bill from the service for certain details, a special inconvenience was represented by bushes that scratched the car and its appearance was ditched specifically

I read forums and all kinds of reviews. I decided to buy a booze, tk. a large volume was required, I didn't really want to bang money into this venture, and in general, I did not know what the hell I needed all this for.

I searched for a long time, found on an ad for 1500 ye in Fryazino the necessary loaf “ideally and not rotten” :).
There was no question about the goat, tk. the car was supposed to be made for an expeditionary campaign with a bunch of junk on board.

At that time, there was no way to participate in the competition. Trips to nature with all that it implies. From 1 to 3 days.

Now trips from 3 to 20 days are a normal scenario.

With you, if necessary, take a satellite dish and a TV 🙂 So that it is not boring in the evening / at night 🙂

When I drove in and began to figure it out, a diagnosis was made - a complete overcooking. Moreover, I wanted to leave it on a standard loaf of rubber.

Then 35x12.5x15 wheels and disks turned up under the arm, and the task expanded beyond recognition. Looking ahead, if I had known how it would all end, I probably would not have taken it.

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Since I practically became the owner of a UAZ469BG produced in 1983, I decided to start a new heading - "Repair of UAZ", in order to share practical experience of operating Bobik!

Usually they start with books on repair and maintenance of cars, in my case - 469 goat. So, the books that I found on UAZBUK:

Catalog of UAZ-469B car parts in five languages: Russian, Bulgarian, Czech, Hungarian and Polish (Russian, Bulgarian, Czech, Hungarian and Polish languages). Attention! the size 20Mb... In PDF format.
UAZ-469 car. Military repair manual. MO 1983 (12Mb in DjVu format)
Cars of the UAZ-469 family. Manual. MO 1985 (3Mb in DjVu format)
UAZ-469 and UAZ-469B vehicles. Maintenance and repair. Orlov, Varchenko. 1976 (6.5MB in DjVu format)

How long can one model last on the assembly line? Five, ten, fifteen years?

Domestic all-wheel drive minibus UAZ-452, being the oldest produced domestic car. Fifty-two years on the assembly line is no joke. Of course, during this time, a number of car modifications were carried out - the model received a more powerful engine, a new braking system, optics and a number of other improvements. But, by and large, these changes did not greatly affect the appearance and characteristics of the car, which is popularly called a "loaf".

UAZ-452 and its later modifications are a rather tempting object for serious modifications. Tuning UAZ loaf is usually carried out in the direction that allows you to create an excellent roomy off-road car. This refinement is going on in several main areas:

Engine upgrade or replacement
Suspension refinement
"Cultivation" of the salon

Improvements to the appearance, installation of additional equipment, painting and other "decorations" are also quite often practiced, and it is they that stand out on the photos that represent the tuning of the UAZ loaf. However, only those improvements will be considered here that really affect the cross-country ability and usability of the car.

The main advantage of the "Tablet" is its high cross-country ability, which is ensured by high ground clearance, permanent all-wheel drive and a successful body structure with minimal overhangs. According to this parameter, UAZ leaves far behind modern SUVs and even some cars, proudly called SUVs.

Another important advantage is the reliability and relative simplicity of the design.

The car, as they say, is strong, and maintenance of old UAZ modifications can be carried out in any garage. As for the updated versions, everything is not so simple here. A more modern engine, of course, significantly surpasses the hopelessly outdated ZMZ-402 in many respects, but the presence of an injector in the power supply system makes it impossible to perform many works without special equipment.

However, the carburetor version is still much more common. In any case, if we talk about the private owners of "Loaf". So, where to start when tuning your UAZ loaf with your own hands?

As is the case with most domestic cars, it is most likely that it will not work to improve the performance characteristic of the native UAZ engine. The most effective method of tuning it is replacing the native carburetor with a more modern, fuel-saving unit. These are produced, for example, by DAAZ.

Installing a new carburetor will help reduce consumption, which even according to the passport for this relatively small car is up to 18 liters per hundred kilometers, by 10-20%.

It is also worth trying to solve the problem of engine overheating in hot weather. The simplest option is to replace the standard fan with an option with an increased number of blades.

It is also worth changing the radiator by installing a more powerful version.

If big savings are needed, a significant amount of money will have to be spent. If you look at some videos that represent a do-it-yourself UAZ loaf tuning, you can pay attention to the sound of the engine, which is completely different from the non-melodic howl of a native gasoline engine. Indeed, many owners, preparing the car for fishing or hunting trips, chose to replace the factory unit with a diesel engine.

In this sense, Andoria's propulsion system is perfect. Assembled on the basis of the modernized Perkins diesel engine, this power plant provides real savings, an increase in traction and power reserve in comparison with gasoline versions - both carburetor and modern injection. For UAZ, a modification of the engine is suitable, which develops 102 l / s and has a torque of 205 N / m already at 2000 rpm. In addition, the fuel consumption of such an engine is 40-45% less than that of the gasoline version.

The installation of such an engine should not be associated with great difficulties, because it is structurally designed specifically for the UAZ - 452 and its modifications. The only drawback of this type of tuning is the rather high cost of the unit. And to purchase such a motor from hand at a much lower price is quite difficult.

The behavior of UAZ on the road changes even more noticeably if the standard engine is replaced with a powerful 3.1 liter diesel engine from ISUZU. This turbine-powered unit delivers 130 hp and an enormous 310 Nm of torque. True, the installation of such an engine entails the modernization of the gearbox.The native box does not work very well with such an engine, so it will be necessary to replace it with a more modern five-speed one.

Suspension tuning goes in two main directions. Strengthening of some of its parts is being carried out, as well as changes are being made to improve the off-road qualities of the car.

Strengthening the rear suspension consists in replacing the standard springs with more powerful ones that make the car more stable. Replacing the springs also entails the installation of more powerful arms and bushings. Standard shock absorbers are also replaced with modern gas-oil shock absorbers. This allows not only to achieve a noticeably smoother ride, but also has a positive effect on the car's handling.

Too weak front springs must be reinforced. The frame is also reinforced - glasses are welded in. It will not be superfluous to install additional springs, choosing inexpensive and reliable from the VAZ "four".

In addition, a very common type of suspension tuning is to increase the ground clearance by 10-15 cm. Carrying out this operation allows you to install off-road thirty-third tires on the "Loaf". In order to achieve such an increase in ground clearance, add 4 hockey pucks under each of the supports, and place a 12 cm liner between the bridge and the spring. The last step in increasing the clearance is to weld the extension under the arm base.

The native brakes of the UAZ are rather weak. This is especially true for cars manufactured before 2011.

Therefore, it is worth thinking about a complete replacement of the car's brake system, especially if the engine is planned or has already been replaced with a more powerful one. A good option should be recognized the installation of brakes from the "Volga" GAZ-24.

The main brake cylinder of the new brake system must be fixed to the frame, having previously connected it to the brake actuator using a rocker arm and a rod. The vacuum cylinder is located near the transfer axle levers. Such modernization will significantly improve the response of the "Loaf" to pressing the brake pedal, shorten the braking distance and improve safety performance.

The UAZ-452 salon is an example of the Spartan environment typical for military equipment. This is not surprising, given that the "Loaf" was designed to accompany a tank column. Therefore, work in terms of improving the ergonomics and comfort in the cabin of this car is endless.

Start by replacing the standard seats and steering wheel. They were developed taking into account the anthropometric data of the soldiers of the tank forces, and most of the tankers of that time were not very tall. Therefore, the standard chair must be dismantled together with the mount, and instead, it must be installed in a more modern way, characterized by large dimensions and unspeakably better comfort. If you choose a swivel model, you can immediately eliminate another ergonomic problem of "UAZ" - mixing the driver's seat to the left relative to the steering column axis. This arrangement, chosen for easy access to the engine, is very tiring for the driver. But changing the steering wheel is all the more necessary, because a thin rim, cold in winter and sliding in summer, absolutely does not meet modern requirements for control ergonomics.

The design of the standard dashboard of Soviet UAZs is a phenomenon that is absent as such. The view of the bare metal of the dashboard, devoid of even a hint of noise and heat insulation, implies the obligatory tuning of this element of the interior of the cabin. Fortunately, there shouldn't be any problems with this today.

Various enterprises produce dozens of dashboard options, differing in the quality of materials, design, number of devices and cost. The most inexpensive option is to purchase a new type of panel that has been installed on UAZ vehicles since last year.All the necessary indicators of devices in it are displayed on a display shifted to the right, the panel provides a certain amount of noise insulation and looks much better than the bare metal characteristic of the "Loafs". More expensive options offer fairly good ergonomics and an abundance of instrument scales.

There is an even simpler and more inexpensive option - installing a plastic trim over the metal dashboard. This step will save you money, but will provide a reasonably good look for your vehicle's dashboard.

Whichever option of tuning the tidy is chosen, it is imperative to stick the soundproofing material before installing the panel. Do not forget that in classic "UAZ" cars there is no interior soundproofing.

Insulation material should not be spared at all. The bare metal of the body not only perfectly conducts sounds - it also contributes to the fact that the car is cool enough even with the heater on.

By the way, about heating. Comfortable accommodation in the cabin for an overnight stay, or even just movement in winter conditions requires the installation of an additional heater. It is best to choose a stand-alone liquid fuel option. This will allow you not to use a regular stove at all - it is ineffective and takes a lot of heat from the engine.

A folding or folding table is often installed, more comfortable passenger seats, and even sleeping bags reclining to the sides and used as the back of passenger seats.

In general, the improvements to this model are multifaceted and varied, and include a wide range of work. The main thing for the owner before starting work is to determine for what purposes the car will be used and what changes are most needed. In order to determine the type of tuning, it is also advisable to look at the photos illustrating the UAZ loaf of tuning the salon with your own hands, which are widely presented on thematic sites. It is not necessary to follow them with accuracy, but such photos will give a general idea of the direction of the work.

Video (click to play).

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