Do-it-yourself agros repair

In detail: do-it-yourself agros repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

It is not worth starting a gearbox repair on a walk-behind tractor on your own if the operation of the unit and its device for a new user is a complete secret. Since the gearbox is a rather complex unit, you should not proceed to repairing it yourself immediately after detecting breakdowns. It will be better if professionals are involved in the repair of the checkpoint.

If an oil leak is detected from the gearbox, it means that the oil seals of the bearing units were incorrectly installed or worn out. They can be loose on the lids. Damaged gaskets may appear underneath. If the air valve (breather) is clogged, it is necessary to clean it and bring the oil level to normal. Oil leaks can be eliminated by replacing or properly installing oil seals or gaskets. Tightening the cover bolts will also help to solve the problem.

If the automatic transmission mechanism has ceased to function normally, then the following types of malfunctions may occur:

  1. Violation of the kinematic connection inside the gearbox.
  2. Spontaneous engagement of gears or lack of fixation.
  3. Oil leaks on the shift shaft.
  4. Dysfunction of the semiaxis separation mechanism.
  5. Lack of gear shifting.
  6. Gearbox jamming.

If the kinematic connection inside the gearbox is broken or the sprocket in the block breaks, it is necessary to disassemble the gearbox in order to replace the problem sprocket. Oil leakage on the selector shaft may be caused by excess oil in the gearbox, so check the oil level. If the welding connection of the gear breaks, disassembling the gearbox, change the block shaft. Drain excess oil, check the degree of wear of the working edge of the oil seal on the shift shaft, disassemble the gearbox and replace the part.

Video (click to play).

The reason for the lack of fixation of gears or their spontaneous shutdown is a violation of the adjustment of the gearshift mechanism. When making repairs, loosen the screws that secure the switching mechanism board.

Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

After that, turn on the first gear and tighten the screws that secure the board. For example, having made a mini-tractor with your own hands, it is imperative to monitor the correct adjustment of the drive by changing the tension of the control cable for disengaging the axle shafts. To fix the breakdown of any element of the drive shaft disengagement inside the gearbox, you should disassemble the gearbox, replacing the broken parts.

If a broken spring or worn shift plate retainers are found, replace the damaged parts by adjusting the shift. If it is absent, the shift cradle or the threaded piece of the shift knob may be cut off. After disassembling the gearbox, it will be necessary to replace the defective parts. If there is no gear shifting, disassemble the gearbox and replace the worn gear shift fork. If the cause of the gearbox jamming is an open circuit, then it should be disassembled and the chain replaced.

If the operation of the gearbox is accompanied by increased noise in the gearbox, then the reason for this may be a lack of oil in the gearbox device or a mismatch in the quality of the lubricant with the required parameters. The choice of oils must be of the appropriate brand, they must have a certain purity. If there is any problem, you will need to change the oil or top up the gearbox.

The occurrence of noise in the transmission units of the walk-behind tractor can be caused by a weak tightening of the fasteners, therefore it is necessary to inspect the fasteners by tightening them properly.

Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

Frequent noise is caused by worn gears and bearings. This can lead to more serious damage to the gearbox of the walk-behind tractor. It is not difficult to avoid their appearance if you do a timely inspection and repair of the walk-behind tractor. It consists in the usual replacement of worn out assemblies and parts.

If there is a heating of the transmission units of the walk-behind tractor, the following main reasons for this malfunction are distinguished:

  1. Lack of transmission oil in the crankcases.
  2. Worn bearings.
  3. Mismatch of the oil condition with the required parameters.

There can be two reasons for correcting deficiencies:

  • bearings replaced;
  • adding or replacing oil.

Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

In order for a gearbox or a homemade gearbox to last longer, it is necessary to periodically check the oil level in them, fearing a sharp change in load.

Signs of violations associated with difficulties in switching speeds, spontaneous shutdown, violation of the process of turning on the unit, arise for the following reasons:

  1. Deterioration of parts.
  2. Shaft spline abrasion.
  3. Incorrect clutch adjustment.

Rolling (wear) of the ends of the engaging gears causes two problems, leading to self-deactivation or incomplete engagement of speeds.

If the factory or home-made box works with any violations, it will be necessary to disassemble it, as well as dress the gear teeth by grinding. If the wear is large enough, new parts must be installed. To adjust the axial position of the shafts, additional installation of circlips is required. In certain cases, it is necessary to replace worn bearings and rings.

Adjustment of the gearbox clutch for the walk-behind tractor should be carried out in a timely manner, otherwise it will stop squeezing out and difficulties may arise when shifting gears. Difficulties in controlling the walk-behind tractor often arise among beginners, who, due to inexperience, can lower the clutch lever too early when changing gears.

Like any technique, a walk-behind tractor requires timely maintenance and repair. And it is advisable to entrust their implementation to specialists who have the necessary tools and equipment and know their job well. However, if you are also familiar with the device of internal combustion engines and understand the topic of mechanical engineering, then you can do a lot of what may be required to restore the operability of the machine yourself.

Diesel and gasoline engines have different motor resources. For the former, the normal figure is 4000 m3 / h, but the latter are capable of providing only 1500 m3 / h. Despite this, diesel models of walk-behind tractors are not in high demand. After all, both when buying and during operation, they are much more expensive. Therefore, most likely you are working with a walk-behind tractor equipped with a gasoline (carburetor) engine.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

All breakdowns that may arise during the operation of agricultural mini-equipment can be conditionally divided into two categories:

  1. Engine malfunctions:
  • startup problems;
  • malfunctions.
  1. Malfunctions of other units and mechanisms:
  • improper clutch operation;
  • breakdowns in the gearbox;
  • problems with the chassis;
  • malfunctions of control and automation;
  • malfunctions of walk-behind tractor systems (cooling, lubrication, etc.).
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In many ways, the success of repairing a suddenly out of order machine depends on the correctness of the diagnostics. With regard to maintenance, it is carried out precisely in order to identify small malfunctions, which subsequently lead to serious ones.

If you do not have the necessary knowledge, premises, tools and materials necessary for servicing and repairing the motor, entrust the work to a specialist!

If attempts to start the walk-behind tractor were unsuccessful, this means that there are malfunctions in the engine or starting system. In order to determine the source of the breakdown, you first need to check the spark plugs.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

If the spark plugs are dry, this means that the fuel mixture is not entering the engine cylinders. There may be several reasons for this:

  • there is no fuel in the tank;
  • the fuel supply valve is closed;
  • the hole in the gas tank plug is clogged;
  • foreign objects have entered the fuel supply system.

To fix problems with the fuel supply, you must:

  1. Fill the tank of the walk-behind tractor.
  2. Open the fuel cock.
  3. Clean the drain hole located in the fuel filler cap.
  4. Remove the fuel cock, drain the fuel tank and rinse it with clean gasoline. After that, remove the connecting hose on the side of the carburetor and blow it out together with the carburetor nozzles without disassembling the latter using the fuel pump.

If fuel enters the carburetor but does not reach the cylinder, the problem is with the carburetor itself. To eliminate it, this unit must be removed, disassembled and cleaned. Well, after that - assemble and install in place. Therefore, before performing all the necessary manipulations, it does not hurt at all to refresh the memory of the device and the principle of operation of the carburetor.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

In the event that, when checking the candles, they turned out to be wet, i.e. fuel is supplied normally, but the engine does not start, the problem may be as follows:

  1. Failure of the ignition system:
  • there is a characteristic carbon deposit on the spark plug electrodes (it is necessary to clean the candles with emery, after which they should be rinsed with gasoline and dried);
  • the size of the gap between the electrodes does not correspond to that specified by the manufacturer in the engine operating manual (the gap is adjusted by bending the side electrode to the required dimensions);
  • insulators for spark plugs or high-voltage wiring are damaged (defective plugs and wiring must be replaced);
  • the STOP button is shorted to ground (for normal engine start, the short circuit must be removed);
  • contacts in the angles of the candles are broken (contacts should be put in order);
  • the gap between the magnetic shoe and the starter does not correspond to the standard value (gap adjustment is required);
  • defects are found on the stator of the ignition system (the stator must be replaced).Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair
  1. Air leaks through the seals of the carburetor, spark plugs, plug and cylinder heads, as well as the carburetor and engine cylinder connections.

If a leak is detected in the connections, it is necessary to tighten the fastening bolts, tighten the spark plugs and check the integrity of the gaskets between the plug heads and the cylinders.

  1. Incomplete closure of the carburetor choke.

To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to ensure free movement of the damper by checking the quality of the drive. If jams are found, they must be eliminated.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

Compression and carburetor malfunctions

It so happens that the launch is carried out, but its process is significantly complicated. At the same time, the engine of the walk-behind tractor is extremely unstable and cannot develop power sufficient for normal operation.

The reason for this may be loss of compression, which can be identified by:

  • soot on the working surfaces of the valves, as well as the seats of the cylinder blocks;
  • deformation of the intake valve;
  • wear of the piston rings.

In order to restore compression, you must:

  1. Check the technical condition of the engine timing mechanism, clean the parts contaminated with carbon deposits, and if there are any defects, replace them.
  2. Check the condition of the piston rings and replace defective components.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

If, during engine operation, black smoke comes out of the muffler, and an excess of oil is detected on the spark plug electrodes, or they themselves are covered with carbon deposits, this means that:

  • an oversaturated fuel mixture is fed to the carburetor;
  • the sealing of the carburetor fuel valve is broken;
  • the oil scraper ring of the piston is worn out;
  • the air filter is clogged.

To fix this problem, you should:

  1. adjust the carburetor;
  2. replace the leaky valve;
  3. replace worn piston rings;
  4. clean or replace a defective air filter.

In the event that, when the engine is running, light smoke comes out of the muffler, and the spark plug electrodes are dry and covered with a white coating, this means that a lean fuel mixture enters the carburetor. This problem is eliminated by adjusting the operation of the carburetor.

Units and components of motors that are installed on agricultural mini-machinery are exposed to significant loads. They can also fail during the operation of the unit, which will very quickly lead to serious failures.

If suspicious noises, jerks and irregularities in the operation of the walk-behind tractor systems are detected, it is very important to immediately turn off the engine, and then let it cool down - only after that it will be possible to fix the problem.

If, during operation, the motor starts to gain momentum on its own, i.e. is "running out", most likely this means that the fastening of the regulator and traction levers is loose. In this case, the user will have to readjust the motor control drive.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

Sometimes, when the throttle is fully open, the engine does not accelerate when the throttle is pressed, but on the contrary begins to lose power until it stops completely. This is a clear sign of overheating, so the walk-behind tractor must be turned off and wait until its components have completely cooled down. After that, you should check the oil level in the crankcase, and also check the cleanliness of the ribbed surfaces of the blocks and cylinder heads.

Under increased engine loads, it can jam. There may be several reasons for this:

  • not enough oil in the crankcase;
  • a nadir formed on the lower head of the connecting rod;
  • the connecting rod or oil spray is completely out of order.

If the motor of the walk-behind tractor is jammed, it will have to be disassembled and the condition of the main units and components should be checked: faulty, deformed, melted, etc. subject to replacement.

What to do if the motor block motor works intermittently and does not develop the required power? There may be several reasons for this behavior:

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Air does not enter the carburetor, which means that the fuel does not burn well - the filter will have to be cleaned or changed.

Fuel residues and combustion products form a thick deposit on the inner walls of the muffler, which must be removed.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

In this case, the assembly will have to be removed, disassembled and properly cleaned all of its components. After that, the carburetor must be assembled and properly adjusted.

  1. Wear of the cylinder-piston group.

Temperature and high loads do their job, and even the most durable metal wears out and deforms over time. Such parts should be replaced immediately, otherwise you can pay for this with irreparable damage in the engine itself.

  1. Damaged ratchet housing or ratchet

The presence of this problem is indicated by the lack of movement of the crankshaft when the engine is started. To replace the clutch housing and ratchet, you will have to completely disassemble the starting block.

  1. Loosen the screws securing the starter housing to the engine housing.

If the starter cord does not return to its original position, the starter motor must be adjusted. To do this, the screws are loosened and the position of the knot is set by hand so as to ensure the normal return of the cord.

A fairly common reason for the lack of a return stroke of the starter cord is the failure of the starter spring - it will have to be replaced.Image - Do-it-yourself agros repair

The service life of any equipment is significantly increased by competent maintenance of its main units and components. The promptness of replacing worn-out spare parts is also of great importance. Therefore, in the event of the slightest malfunctions and malfunctions, they should be eliminated immediately - as a result, this will prevent much more serious and expensive problems.