DIY laptop battery repair schemes

Laptop batteries are expensive hardware, so if you have an old laptop that works fine but needs to be replaced, then before considering discarding your dead laptop battery and replacing it with a new one, you'll want to know how you can still revive. a dead or dying battery if it is at least 60% of the total capacity. Fortunately, there are many ways to help restore a dead battery, some of them are technical in nature, some of them are beautiful and there are some strange ones.
But before you go any further, you should also know, it entirely depends on the battery and the factors that led to its death, although the process may or may not work. But, it is worth giving a try to revive the battery using these methods before buying a new one.

It actually sounds ridiculous that freezing a dead laptop battery can bring it back to life, but it's true. You can freeze your laptop battery and therefore extend its life. To do this, follow this procedure, how to do it:

Step 1: First, take out the battery and place it in a sealed bag or plastic bag.
Step 2: Then place the bag in the freezer and let it sit for 12 hours. (You can also leave it for a longer period, but not more than 24 hours)
Step 3: Once you remove the battery from the refrigerator, remove the plastic bag and let it warm up to room temperature.

Please note: as soon as it gets warm, make sure you wrap it in a towel and wipe off the condensation.
Step 4: insert the battery and charge it fully.
Step 5: Once it is charged, disconnect it from the mains and let the battery discharge until it is completely discharged.

Then repeat steps 4 and 5 at least 4 times, fully charge the battery and then discharge it completely.

Note: this process is performed only on NiCd or NiMH batteries. Avoid trying this method on a lithium battery as it will only make the battery worse. Unfortunately, there is no way to repair a lithium battery, but it might help to extend the battery life. We follow method 2.

If you have a lithium-ion battery installed, you can extend its life by cooling your laptop. In case you have a laptop that does get hot during use, it can damage the battery and shorten the battery life.

I have personally tried this method on my Sony VAIO laptop and has greatly increased the battery life of the laptop.

This process is not necessary for a new battery, but if the battery dies, it is a fairly old battery. So, in this case, the intertesting test will be beneficial for her. Battery recalibration is done because in some cases the OS cannot figure out how much power is left in the battery. This happens when the laptop is always plugged in or if the battery has never been removed from the laptop.

If your battery does not charge up to 100%, and let's say only up to 95%, or if the OS says that you are experiencing 35 minutes of battery charge, but the car dies sooner or much later, then your laptop battery needs to be calibrated.There are many calibration tools available online for your particular laptop model to do the process automatically, but if you need to manually calibrate your battery, follow the process below.

Step 1: First, charge to 100% or to the maximum value that the battery can reach and then leave it to cool for 2 hours.
Step 2: After that, cut off the power and let the battery drain. You can do this in two ways, first, let the battery drain while the laptop is running and then set it to sleep or hibernation at about 3 to 5%. In addition, you must ensure that the display stays on until it either turns off or goes to sleep.
Step 3: next, let the machine be off for 3 to 5 hours> then turn on the laptop again and charge to 100%.

Hopefully after that, your laptop should be able to give you a more accurate reading of the actual battery capacity.

If your laptop has a removable battery, then try removing the battery while plugging in. You need to check how the laptop will function normally with the battery removed. Although, if the laptop is working fine and is connected to a power source all the time, you can simply remove the battery.

Chemical reactions continue to occur in the battery whether it is installed in a laptop or not. But, it can increase battery life as the battery is cool when connected.
But, you also need to make sure that the operation of the laptop will not shorten its lifespan, otherwise the laptop will die immediately and this can lead to data loss. But if you haven't found this method worthwhile, then follow the last best method.

In this method, you need to charge the battery to 100% and then disconnect the laptop from the mains and when it dies (less than 5%), then connect it to the computer and charge. On the contrary, it will shorten the battery life on a new lithium-ion battery; therefore, in this case, the level cannot be allowed to fall from 35% to 45%, and then charge it from 75% to 85%. This will apparently aim for better battery life, as this method will not use as many charges and recharge cycles.

In this topic, lay out the software necessary for repairing the battery, information that you need to know during repair, typical malfunctions and other necessary information, do not ask questions in this topic.

Laptop battery. Accumulator battery (other names: battery, battery) - this is one of the main devices that distinguish a laptop from a desktop machine, although this does not affect the operation of the laptop as such, but still everyone wants to have a working battery, at least for the sake of not turning off the laptop go from room to kitchen.

Let's see what kind of batteries are in principle:
 NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERY - (or abbreviated as NiCd) nickel-cadmium;
 NICKEL METAL-HYDRIDE BATTERY - (or abbreviated NiMH) nickel-metal hydride;
 LITHIUM ION BATTERY - (or Li-ion for short) lithium-ion batteries.
The latter are the most common and are considered to be the best batteries. Is it so?

The emergence of NiMH is due to an attempt to overcome the disadvantages of nickel-cadmium batteries.
Eventually:
 30 - 50% higher capacity compared to standard NiCd batteries;
 less prone to memory effect than NiCd. Periodic recovery cycles should be performed less frequently;
 less toxicity. NiMH technology is considered environmentally friendly.

Another type of popular battery is Lithium Polymer. The difference from Li-ion lies in the name itself and lies in the type of electrolyte used, it is assumed that a dry solid polymer electrolyte is used, however, today technologies do not allow such an element to be made, therefore, a gel is used
hot electrolyte, and as a result we get some kind of hybrid.Such batteries do not belong to either pure li-ion or Li-pol, and it would be more correct to call them lithium-ion polymer, but manufacturers call them lithium polymer to promote batteries. As for the pros and cons of li-pol, they are exactly the same as those of li-ion, so further we will consider li-ion, because they are the most common today.

The aforementioned danger of overcharging means the following: overcharging can lead to an increase in cell pressure and leakage. Therefore, the safety of battery operation is always ensured by an external electronic protection system against overcharging and overdischarging of individual batteries. It includes controllers that measure the voltage of each battery or block of parallel-connected batteries, and a switch for opening the electrical circuit when the voltage limits are reached. Thermistors are used to monitor the temperature of the battery.

Another disadvantage of Li-ion batteries is the fear of a strong discharge (overdischarge). The aforementioned protection circuit is powered directly from the batteries, and therefore if the cells are completely discharged, the circuit stops working and the cells are not charged, in addition, a deep discharge negatively affects the internal structure of the cells themselves. It is believed that the optimal range for the operation of li-ion cells is 20-100% of the charge, the output below 20% leads to faster aging of the cells.

The service life of Li-ion cells is calculated not only in years of service, but also in charge-discharge cycles, as a rule, until the capacity is reduced by 20%, they provide 500 - 1000 cycles. The further behavior of the elements is rather difficult to predict due to the large number of cells in the battery, most often there is a gradual decrease in capacity, sometimes abruptly, so the protection system keeps track of the number of cycles. On older models of batteries, when a certain cycle value was reached, the protection system closed the battery, and it was not possible to use it. The ability to close the battery when a certain number of cycles is reached remains today, just the number of cycles prescribed in the battery is large enough, and the aging of the elements, and therefore the drop in capacity, occurs earlier. As a rule, the counter value can be reset to zero, but do not forget that using such a battery is somewhat unsafe, the cells in the battery age unevenly, which means that they are also charged and discharged unevenly.

There is another difficulty associated with the counter, what is to be counted as a charge-discharge cycle? Full discharge and full charge? But it is not recommended to completely discharge it. And whether to read a short-term disconnection from the network in a loop? Most modern batteries do not charge if the current charge is more than 90-95%, this avoids unnecessarily high rates of charge-discharge cycles. The figure 90% -95% is relative - on some laptops it can be edited with special utilities.

As for the storage conditions, there is no unambiguous information on this issue, the most common is the opinion that it is necessary to store at a charge of 40% periodically (once every two to three months) recharging to this value.

In general, Li-ion batteries perform best at room temperature. Operation at elevated temperatures dramatically shortens their lifespan.

At low temperatures, battery performance decreases. A temperature of minus 20 ° C is the limit at which Li-ion batteries cease to function.

Battery repair is required in two cases:
1. The battery holds little. She kept the new one for an hour or two or three, and now it is 5-15 minutes. Conclusion - bad elements. Solutions to the problem:
a) buy a new battery.
b) buy new elements and revive the battery yourself.

2. The battery does not hold at all. Again, there are two options:
a) buy a new battery
b) buy new elements and revive the battery yourself.

As you can see, there are few problems, and there are also few solutions.

Option b) New elements are definitely needed.4-6-8-9-12 cell battery - accordingly 4-6-8-9-12 new cells are needed. Just replacing a dead group won't help. Why? The old elements have one capacity, the new one will have a different one. Accordingly, a disbalance will appear on the groups of elements, and the electronics will simply turn off this battery.

Means:
1. We need ALL new items. It is recommended to set the capacity of the elements not less than the nominal one. Those. you had 1800mAh cells - you can put 1800, 2000, 2100, 2200 mAh. There were 2000s - put 2000, 2100, 2200. If, of course, the difference in price is small. If this criterion is important (prices) - then take the elements of the native denomination.
2. We open the battery.
3. The elements must be welded in the same way as the relatives are welded. Look for people who have the right equipment. You can't just solder. Some people say “not recommended”, but believe me - it is NOT.

4. It is necessary to disconnect the elements from the electronics from the greater plus to the smallest. This can be determined visually in most cases. If it doesn't work, arm yourself with a tester.

5. Before welding the elements, connect them all together at night: all the pluses to the pluses, the minuses to the minuses. This is necessary to equalize the potency on the banks.

6. The battery is opened, new elements are purchased, welded like the old ones, the old ones are removed. In theory, all that remains is to solder the new elements to the electronics, and hurray. No, no hurray. It's all about the same electronics. She remembers everything about your old elements - the number of cycles performed, the capacity of the elements, etc. If your battery had a capacity of 4000mAh, and after a year or two or three of its operation its capacity became 200mAh, then even if you substitute new elements into the battery, the electronics "will not believe". The conviction of electronics that it has new elements is called flashing (reset, zeroing) the firmware. What tools are used to do this, see the heading "HARD - hardware that is needed to repair laptop batteries"

7. Now you need to determine which bundle you will be dealing with. The term "bundle" appeared due to the fact that, as a rule, a pair of microcircuits is used on electronics: a control controller and a memory in which various useful data are recorded. There are batteries that have only memory on the electronics, or only a controller. But out of habit, we will continue to call them "bundle". Look carefully at the electronics board. The controller is usually the largest microcircuit on the board. Memory, as a rule, is an 8-pin microcircuit, such as the 24C64,24C32 series and the like.

8. The bundle was identified. Now the question is what and where to change in order to reset the firmware. Some controller manufacturers do not hide this information, and describe everything in detail in datasheets. After reading and understanding the datasheet for your controller, you will know what and what needs to be changed. In some cases, battery manufacturers hide information, and it is extracted bit by bit. But then it is embodied in programs that can be used for repairs.
9. We connect the elements to the electronics from “ground” to “plus”. Those. first "earth", then "plus" of the first element, then the second, and so on. - until the very last.

11. So, if the goal is achieved: the laptop runs on battery for the prescribed hour or two or three (like new), the charge and discharge curve is uniform - then we can be proud of ourselves and consider that we have achieved success.

Read SMbus data via laptop battery connector.
Saving SMbus data to a text file.
Saving data in its own BQD format (BQ208X data file), for further use in cloning bq208X microcircuits.
Reads and writes all memory chips used in laptop batteries.
Reading and writing data from flash memory and EEPROM in microcircuits with integrated memory such as: BQ2083, BQ2084, BQ2085, PS401, PS402, BQ20Z70, BQ20Z80, BQ20Z90.
Saving data from flash memory and EEPROM in BIN format.
Resetting (zeroing) the microcircuit parameters to the initial (factory) parameters in one click of the mouse.
Clone password protected ICs with integrated flash memory (bq208X) to new or non-password protected ICs.

Almost every home has a laptop. This is a handy tool that is most often used for work, watching movies, and so on. It helps to be a mobile person. But the laptop runs on a battery, so if it fails, mobility is lost. So the device will work from the electrical network and will not differ from a regular stationary computer. You have to purchase a new battery. But it may be that the battery for the device is not sold. Then questions arise, how to repair a laptop battery yourself with your own hands, how to repair a battery controller.

You need to know in what situations recovery is necessary. Standard batteries typically last three or four years, depending on how you use the device.

At the end of the operating period, the battery capacity becomes half the size. The battery life of the device will be one hour.

Situations where recovery is needed:

• The battery components have wasted their resources. It may be that individual elements do not function, and the control controller is serviceable. In this situation, these parts are replaced. The process is called repackaging.

• Battery parts are deeply discharged. In this case, they are inoperative. The control controller executes the charging unit for these cells due to the low voltage. The controller considers the parts to be faulty and turns them off. The main procedure here is balancing the parts. The procedure is performed using the balance function of the charger. If this does not help, you need to charge each individual can.
• The battery control controller has been broken. It is very difficult to independently find out what exactly has become unusable on the control controller. When restoring at home, the controller must be replaced.

To restore the battery of a computer device, you need to use the following tools:

• An electrical measuring device called a multimeter.

• A knife, screwdriver, or any other device that will be used to disassemble the case.
• Soldering iron, flux.
• Multifunctional charger with balancing function.
• Glue, electrical tape. These tools are required to assemble the battery case.
• Lithium batteries.

New lithium components must have the same electrical parameters as old ones.

Consider repairing the battery of any laptop in stages.

Before carrying out "resuscitation" of the battery cells, it is necessary to disassemble and check. This is difficult because the maintainability of the product is not taken into account during production. A common type of body connection is gluing. Less commonly, you can find models in which the case connection is latches. In the first case, you need to try pretty hard using the means at hand.

So, follow the next order:

• First you need to warm up the seam. Use a regular hair dryer.
• Tap the seam with a hammer. When doing this, try to keep the battery cool.
• Open the case along the seam. To do this, use a sharp tool (knife, screwdriver). Be careful not to damage anything.

After opening the case, visually inspect the inside of the device for damage. The controller should not contain burnt-out parts and other defects. Inspect the cans. They should not have swelling, smudges, and so on.

Then, using an electrical measuring device, a multimeter, check the voltage at the battery terminals.

A small voltage value must be present during deep discharge and blocking of the control controller components. If the multimeter does not show any voltage, then the cause of the malfunction is a ruptured assembly or the control controller is out of order.

You should try balancing with a deep discharge. It is necessary to unsolder the wires from the control controller. Connect the wires to the charger in balancing mode. Next, find the points for the balancer on the board and connect the device to them. There may not be a result. Then you will need to disassemble the components and restore each separately. If this also did not bring a result, then you should replace it with similar elements.

Before replacing battery elements, you need to make a sketch of their connection diagram. The diagram should show the connection points of the positive and negative terminals. The additional designation on the diagram should have the soldering of the assemblies, as well as their connection to the control controller. If you have a thermal sensor, sketch the place where it is soldered.

Before you reanimate the battery, you need to find new parts. Labeling old battery cans will help here. This way you can find out the exact electrical characteristics.

Most often, computers have lithium 18650 batteries available. Their voltage values ​​are 3.7 V, and their capacity is 2200 mAh. But these rates can vary. For example, the voltage values ​​might be 3.6V and the capacity is 2600mAh.

Spot welding assists in joining elements during battery assembly. At home, such a "trick" will not work. Therefore, the connections must be soldered. Copper wires can be used as a replacement for tape. If the battery is carefully disassembled, a connecting tape may remain. It can be used for assembly. Try to solder quickly. This is necessary so that the banks do not overheat. At the end, you need to solder the temperature sensor and the control controller.

After the previous stage of the recovery process, you need to measure the voltage value at the terminals using a multimeter. The indicator should almost coincide with the nominal voltage of your battery. Then carry out the assembly of the body part. Most often, body assembly is a gluing process. To do this, you need a multi-purpose glue. If the glue doesn't work, duct tape will do. If there are latches on the casing of the battery, nothing should be difficult.

Then you need to insert the battery into the laptop. If necessary, charge it.

Calibrating the battery is another recovery option. For this, there are specially designed utilities that carry out the cycle. The cycle includes a full charge, a full charge, and a re-full charge of the battery.

This process usually lasts a day, but the controller malfunctions will be eliminated, resulting in an increase in capacity and runtime.

It all starts with opening the case. You have to be careful. To work, you need a screwdriver or knife, an electrical measuring device (multimeter), a soldering iron, a small car light, cyanoacrylate glue.

At the very beginning, you need to find a seam that divides the body into two equal parts. Disconnect them carefully and open the battery. The halves are usually glued together, so you have to try.

Most often, the "internals" contain 6 standard elements and a controller. Asus and Dell models are thin wiring and the board is not firmly fixed. Therefore, you need to act carefully.

Before restoring the battery pack, you need to reset the battery voltmeter data. When a voltage of 4.2 V is reached in the cells, the battery voltmeter signals that the battery is fully charged. But after a certain period of time, the controller begins to give readings that are inaccurate. For this, you need to reset the data.

Next, we turn to the direct restoration of the battery. It should be discharged. Then the voltage is measured at the terminals of each individual element using an electrical measuring device, a multimeter. If the value is less than 3.7 V, the bank needs to be replaced with a new one.

After that, you do not need to charge the battery right away. The voltage values ​​in the entire compartment should be "equalized". Discharge each battery to 3.2 V. To do this, you need to use car bulbs. When the reading is 3.2 V, start charging the battery.

Everything ends with the assembly of the battery. Two equal parts of the compartment are glued using cyanoacrylate glue. Wait a certain period of time for the glue to dry.

This is one of the simplest ways to "reanimate" a battery pack for Dell and Asus laptops. In principle, this algorithm is suitable for models and other manufacturers, the exception is Samsung due to its peculiarities. It is easy enough and does not require any specific knowledge.

More sophisticated methods include the use of dedicated chargers. Such devices are used by workshops that repair laptops and other devices. But for an independent battery repair procedure, the above method is used, which includes the use of a multimeter and small car bulbs.

Each user, when choosing which laptop to buy, pays attention to the main factor in the duration of its operation - the power and quality of the pre-installed battery.

A powerful battery will keep your computer portable for a long time. Several years after the operation of the laptop, it becomes noticeable that its life in a state of being disconnected from the mains has significantly decreased. Laptops with faulty batteries become unable to work autonomously even for 15-20 minutes. The surest way to fix an old battery problem is to purchase a new one.

The main and most common cause of poor laptop battery performance is wear and tear. However, battery malfunctions can occur not only due to aging. Other causes of battery failure:

1. Incorrect charging method.
2. Incorrect operation.
3. Moisture penetration into the computer, in particular the battery.

It is extremely important for every user of a portable laptop to have comprehensive information on how and how not to charge and connect your device to the mains. Avoid plugging your computer into an electrical outlet all the time. This should not be done if the battery is fully charged. The battery should work cyclically: you need to wait until it is completely discharged and only then connect the power supply. Also, do not interrupt charging in half. Wait for the power supply to fully charge the laptop battery. Remember that improperly charging your laptop battery will significantly reduce battery life and cycle life.

A battery breakdown may occur when the laptop stops charging or is partially charged. In any case, third-party intervention is required. If the warranty period for your device has not yet expired, then it makes sense to contact a specialized service center to obtain professional computer support.

Remember that each battery has a different lifespan and the number of possible full charge cycles. Having exhausted its resource, the computer battery becomes unusable, so you should not try to bring back to life frankly old batteries. It will be much easier and more efficient to purchase a new one. Repair the battery only if it has not yet exhausted its resource, but has been mechanically damaged by the user of the device.

If the device operates from the mains, but does not want to function autonomously, you should check the device software for errors and, if possible, eliminate them as much as possible. Possible solutions to the problem:

Doing repairs yourself should only be done if you are well versed in the battery operation scheme and understand its principle of operation. Doing so could damage important contacts inside the battery and make final repairs more costly.

To begin with, you should consider the principle of operation of the laptop battery. The main and most common types of laptop batteries:

1. Nickel-based metal hydride batteries. Their main feature is that such batteries are advised to be brought to a state of complete discharge, and only then to charge up to one hundred percent. This should be done only for the first third of the battery life. If you do not follow this simple rule, the reserve of such a battery will very quickly be exhausted. You can find out what type of battery your device has by taking out the battery. The view will be indicated on it.
2. Lithium ion. Throughout the entire period of use, this type of battery must be charged and discharged from start to finish. Do not interrupt the charging process or charge the laptop too early.
3. Polymer lithium. Due to their low weight, such batteries can be charged even if they are not fully discharged. The service life of such batteries is longer than that of other types of similar products.

In order to start repairing a damaged battery, you must first take it out and disassemble it. It should look something like this:

In ninety percent of all laptops, the battery cannot be disassembled, so you need to carefully cut the plastic case into two halves using a knife or blade. Care should be taken as there is a possibility that important battery cells could be damaged.

Measure the rated voltage. This can be done by counting the number of battery cells and multiplying the resulting number by 1.2. The resulting number is called the nominal voltage (NN) of the laptop battery. Connect the elements in series at the extreme terminals of the battery and measure everything with a multimeter, if the device shows the HH exactly the same as that obtained by calculations, but the laptop still cannot be turned on, then the malfunction lies in the battery controller. In order to fix the problem, you need to completely discharge all the elements of the laptop and then recharge them a little. Then collect the battery, insert it into the laptop. The malfunction should disappear.

Thus, you can repair all laptop batteries, however, before starting the repair yourself, watch a few videos on the Internet. In which the battery is disassembled of the same type as your computer. If you are experiencing difficulties in repairing, it is better to contact a specialist.

Often laptop users are faced with the fact that in the middle of charging the battery, the process stops. When you hover over the battery icon, a message like this appears: "The power supply is connected, but the laptop battery is not charging." In fact, nothing serious happened and every ordinary user can solve the problem. The cause of the malfunction is the incorrect turning on of the operating system.

The problem is solved as follows: turn off the laptop, disconnect it from the power supply. Remove the battery, then wait 1-2 minutes and insert it back. Start your computer in safe mode, wait until the system is fully loaded. Connect the charger. Thus, the error disappears and the PC starts charging again. This type of malfunction can occur from time to time.

How to repair laptop battery

I needed a new battery for the HP pavilion dv5. In the presence of 2 not working. I visited the idea, maybe you can collect one from 2. My batteries were not charging, although Win OS wrote that charging was in progress, but the% charge did not increase. Googled, talked in the smoking room and started.I want to say, there are not many skills, but there is a soldering iron at home and I know how to use it a little 8)

Looked at vidos - How to restore a laptop battery, an example of repair

I considered these vidos the most authoritative. Others with aunts running in the background, men in shorts and 7B grade schoolchildren carrying nonsense, we sifted out. I read the articles and started. Friends let me use IMAX B6, and without it I thought I would use the method described here. Balancing by connecting the load to the banks and bringing them to 0V

I opened the battery box with a knife, cutting along the seam. I got the insides, I didn't get it in the second, it's more convenient if there is no need to get it.

I checked the voltage at the battery terminals, it is not. I checked at the ends of the battery, it was 0.5V. I checked the banks. 1 live. with 0.5V, others 0V. I could not check the fuse (I do not know how), I removed the minus from the controller. Connected to Imax as shown in the 2nd video. I started the balance and saw the "connection break". I decided to charge the banks (pairs) separately. I saw the inscription "low voltage", Google it and decided this: In NiMh mode I charged for about a minute, raised the voltage to 2.5, then back to liPo mode and charging. So he cured 2 banks. The time has come for the third and then again the squeak and "connection break". From vidos I learned that LiPo batteries come with protection against overheating and explosion. At the positive end, under the contact pad, there is a membrane curved inward. When heated, the gas pushes out the membrane and the contact breaks, preventing an explosion. Through the holes (I did not drill, there are holes along the edges of the platform), I tried to lower the membrane back with an awl-tweezers. On the 3rd attempt I dropped it. A charge appeared, oh, 7V and immediately "Kicked", "pushed" the battery in NiMh mode.

After that, the voltage on all banks was about 2.5V. I started balancing after charging. I soldered the negative end back to the controller. And I expected a MIRACLE. I thought what a fine fellow I was, I fixed it ... Having measured the voltage at the extreme contacts of the battery output, I saw 1.4V and was upset. I assembled the case (without gluing) put it into the laptop and was upset for the 2nd time. From the beginning, the battery was charging, after 20 seconds it stopped and said that it was not charging. Charge 0%. I turned off the laptop, left it on charge for the night, in the morning the charge was 65%, but as soon as I took out the power cord, the laptop passed out. Thought something went wrong. What does it have on 2 batteries. I decided that I was doing everything right, but the problem is that the controller has a counter for the maximum number of charge-discharge cycles. On this and calmed down. And I found the battery on Avito.

Something went wrong.

I have not calmed down. I read forums with smart and not very opinions and this is what I understood:

1- Battery unsoldering procedure

You need to unsolder the batteries from the controller starting from the extreme + and then sequentially. Insulate the sealed ends, they dangle and touch the controller and shorten.

2- Checking the controlled fuse

A laptop battery does not consist of all cells. There are Li-ion batteries inside the battery, an electrical circuit that controls the level of charge, discharge of lithium-ion cells (each section separately), the voltage deviation should not exceed about

± 50 mV per cell. Sets the charging current, the discharge current is controlled by taking readings from the current sensor. The battery controller determines the capacity of the cells. The number of charge and discharge cycles is counted. Measures the temperature of lithium-ion cells.

In SANYO Li-ion cells, the date of manufacture of the batteries themselves is printed on the case, we see the inscription O11B in the figure. The first letter denotes the year of manufacture, the second and third digits (these are the first 11 weeks)

K - 2006
L - 2007
M - 2008
N - 2009
O - 2010
P - 2011
Q - 2012
R - 2013
S - 2014
T - 2015
U - 2016
V - 2017

From the end of the battery we see a colored washer, the color of which indicates the capacity of the cell

yellow - 1950mah
blue - 2000mAh
Red - 2200mAh
Green - 2400mAh
Blue - 2600mAh
Purple - 2800 mAh
Brown - 3400 mAh

The elements are welded with a special nickel tape using spot welding.Soldering of the elements significantly reduces the service life, local overheating is inevitable.

Battery circuits can be assembled on different microcircuits bq2060, bq2083, bq2084, bq20842, bq2085dbt, bq20851, bq20853, bq20857, bq20864, ​​bq8030, sn80305, sn80306, bq8050, bq8055, bq2913011, bq8050, bq8055, bq2913011, bq2980 bq20z45, bq20z451, bq20z453, bq20z70, bq20z704, bq20z75, bq20z90, bq20z95, bq20z951, bq20z955, bq20889, M37512, M37515, M37516, M37517, R2J, MAX1789, PS1717 bq30421, bq30422, bq30423, bq30472, bq3050, bq3055, bq3060, bq30z50, bq30z55, bq30z554, bq9000, bq40z55, bq40z555

To repack the battery, i.e. repair the laptop batteries, you need to disassemble the battery case, replace the lithium-ion cells, subtract (reset) the firmware and put the battery back into the case. Now we define the memory chip. Typically, electronics use a pair of microcircuits: a control controller and a memory. The memory contains various data (battery name, capacity, date of manufacture, number of discharge charge cycles and other parameters of the battery itself). There are batteries that have only memory on the electronics, or only a controller. A controller is usually a microcircuit with a large number of pins. Memory, as a rule, is an 8-pin microcircuit, for example, 24С01,24С02, SL394, S93C66, AK6480AM series and the like. You can subtract and write data from microcircuits of this type with an ordinary programmer.

Reading and writing data from chips with integrated memory such as: BQ2083, BQ2084, BQ2085, BQ20857, BQ20Z45, BQ20Z451, BQ20Z70, BQ20Z704 BQ20Z75, BQ20Z80, BQ20Z90, BQ20Z95, BQ20Z30955, BQ20Z95, BQ20Z30951, BQ500037, equipment (EV2300) and UBRT software and so on.

Battery life is measured by the number of complete charge / discharge cycles, so fully charging to 100%, then discharging to 50% and then charging to 100% again would be considered half a cycle. But according to the manufacturers, you should perform a full cycle (charge up to 100% -discharge up to 0% -and again charge up to 100%) at least once a month for better safety and stability of the battery. The service life of lithium-ion cells is 500-1000 cycles. Lithium batteries age even when not in use.

During the operation of a laptop battery, its parameters change over time. The capacity of Li-ion cells decreases, the internal resistance increases, and the parameters specified in the firmware remain the same. Thus, every battery needs maintenance. The most basic parameter of a battery is the charging current and many others. For example, the initial battery capacity was 5100 mAh and the charging current became 3020 mAh, while after operation the capacity, for example, will decrease by 3000 mAh and the charging current will already be too large. It happens that initially in a new battery, the parameters are overestimated and the battery charges very quickly, thereby wears out faster. Many parameters need to be adjusted to extend the life of a laptop battery. The disadvantages of Li-ion batteries include sensitivity to overcharges and overdischarges, and these parameters are indicated in the battery firmware. Deep discharge completely destroys the lithium-ion battery.