But we will be more interested in the remaining battery life, it can be determined by dividing ‘Full charge capacity’ by ‘Design capacity’. The lower it is, the greater the degree of battery wear.
Let's calculate the battery life, the information of which is presented in the figure: (40626mWh / 57720mWh) * 100% = 70.4%.
The Toshiba laptop has been in operation for almost 5 years in the mode of almost constant network connection, it feels like the battery life has decreased by 30% and in addition the battery began to overheat: it was uncomfortable to hold the laptop on your lap when charging, and even if you did not turn off the charging when the full charge was reached , the laptop overheated and shut down. It was possible to put up with a 30% loss of capacity, but I did not put up with overheating and shutdown.
Some readers of the site send us questions about how to reset the battery controller of this or that laptop. Here it is worth making an explanation about what is meant by resetting the battery controller. If the cells were replaced in the battery and then a firmware reset is required, this is one case. If there is a problem with the battery that is not related to its repair (software or OS malfunction), then this is a different case. Let's take a quick look at both of these options.
This procedure is required after you have replaced the batteries in the battery. In general, such a battery repair is carried out in service centers. It can be done at home, but for this you need to have the appropriate skills and experience, as well as the necessary equipment. The procedure for replacing battery cells is also called repackaging.
If this is not done, then problems will begin with the functioning of the battery. For example, a laptop will shutdown when the battery is not fully discharged. This is explained by the incorrect value of the residual capacity, which remained in the controller's memory before replacing the elements. The old number of charge-discharge cycles, etc. will also be displayed.
Underneath this reset is what is commonly referred to as battery calibration. It consists in the complete discharge and subsequent charging of the battery. At a stretch, this procedure can be called a reset. After all, the controller notes the full discharge and charge in its memory. Therefore, the process is called calibration. At the same time, the boundaries of charge and discharge are calibrated, which makes it possible to eliminate errors during battery operation.
VIDEO
You can also do manual calibration without any problems. To do this, completely discharge the laptop battery and then fully charge it.What needs to be done for this:
Unplug the power adapter from the network, reboot the laptop and call the BIOS (F2, Del, etc.) before loading the operating system;
Leave the laptop in this state until it is disconnected. It is advisable to stand on a cooling pad to improve heat dissipation ;
After turning off the laptop, plug in the power adapter and fully charge the battery.
This is how manual calibration is performed.
Actually, the article should have been supplemented with a postscript: people with an unstable psyche and humanitarian education should not read! Because to rebuild the battery, you need at least skills with new software and, at the most, the ability to work with a soldering iron and a tester. Perhaps it will be easier for you to buy a new laptop battery, since the old one instantly runs out, does not hold a charge, and simple calibration does not solve the problem? Not? Let's go then!
Renowned laptop manufacturers like Toshiba take care of their customers by providing specially designed calibration software. Therefore, if you need to restore a Toshiba laptop battery, first you should go to the website of the manufacturer of your laptop model and look for a utility program to reanimate the battery. Of course, first you need to find out what type of battery is installed on your desktop gadget: suddenly there has already been a replacement for an analog battery. In this case, the program for the original Toshiba battery will not work. If everything is the same, then read the instructions for downloading and further launching. You will succeed!
As you understand, such recovery utilities are developed only for some laptop models and battery types. But you can try to operate in manual mode. There is a proven method for reanimating lithium-ion batteries.
- car bulbs with wires;
- patience and concentration.
Now get down to battery repair! The sequence of actions is as follows:
1. Discharging the battery
Only a fully discharged battery can be repaired. Achieve (wait) until the battery has 0% charge, and get down to business.
2. Disassembling the battery
Find the seam where the two halves of the battery are glued, and use the knife blade to go between the two. Most likely, you will be able to pick up the edge of the part and separate the battery in two.
3. Voltage test
Remember that the battery must be discharged. How did you manage it and did the battery controller show everything correctly, in need of repair? Check the voltage with a tester (multimeter), which should be equal to the number of battery cells multiplied by 3.7 (a little more is possible). Where it is significantly less, the elements need to be replaced with new ones.
4. Discharging the elements
With the help of car bulbs, you discharge all battery cells (old and new) to 3.2 V each. Then the battery will definitely be charged from scratch, and the controller will correctly display the charging level.
5. Charging the cells
Connect the battery to a 5 W light bulb and wait for the voltage to reach 3.4 V on each battery cell.
6. Battery assembly
Everything is now ready. Glue the halves of the battery with cyanoacrylic glue, wait for it to dry, and you can check the work.
7. Battery check
Charge the battery up to 100 percent of its charge and start working offline. Obviously enough for longer than before the repair? So, everything is done correctly! Your remanufactured battery will now last for a while longer. Savings, however! And, in general, it's always nice to do something with your own hands!
Most Toshiba notebooks are equipped with a lithium-ion battery - a power source with a maximum power / weight ratio. Toshiba notebooks come standard preinstalled with MTM (Max Time Management) software.MTM is a fully user configurable application that provides energy saving features.
Since the hard drive is the main consumer of electricity, the use of additional memory (which functions at a much lower power consumption) will reduce the drain on the battery while using the notebook.
Another way to save power is to use the F5 function keys. If the laptop is not connected to an external monitor, it is possible to set three screen backlight brightness modes: Bright (maximum power consumption), Medium (less power consumption), and Off. (no consumption). Thus, if there is diffused light in the room, it is recommended to use the "Medium" mode.
If you leave your laptop running while switching to other activities, or if it performs calculations for a long time and does not require visual control, the screen can be turned off to save power. This measure also helps to protect confidential or confidential information from leakage (see also the description of the F1 keypad lock function).
Toshiba Corporation provides this information “as is” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including all implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Toshiba is not responsible for the topicality, correctness, completeness, or quality of the information provided. Toshiba Corporation is not responsible for damages resulting from the use of the information provided, including incomplete or incorrect information.
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GHOST RANGE »IBM PC-compatible. Up to 2000 inclusive »Battery recovery in Toshiba Libretto notebooks
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Battery recovery instructions for Toshiba Libretto 50/70/100/110 CT notebooks.
1. We change the Li-ION cells in the battery. Models 50CT and 70CT have 3 of them (3 elements in series). Models 100CT and 110CT have 6 of them (3 pairs of cells in series). We begin to disassemble the assembly of elements from plus to minus. According to the scheme 10.8V> 7.2V> 3.6V (the reverse order from minus to plus can kill the controller) We start assembling a new assembly of elements in the reverse order from minus to plus (according to the scheme 3.7V> 7.2V> 10.8V) All offices are in the network, who are engaged in the recovery of laptop batteries, unanimously shout that it is impossible to solder Li-ION cells. I agree that spot welding is better, but you can also solder the battery. The main thing is not to overheat, that is, the thermal contact should not exceed 2-3 seconds. I used phosphoric acid as a flux for soldering my elements.I have a soldering station, so I heated it up to 400C. It turns out fast soldering, in the prescribed 3-second period of time.
2. After assembling the battery, you need to reset the controller. In Toshiba Libretto laptops, for this you need to reflash the EEPROM with the marking 24S046 using the i2c programmer. Firmware for all above mentioned models are compatible. Below are links to archives with firmware dumps for various battery capacities with a step of 100 mAh.
Dumps of zeroed firmware for battery capacities 2000 - 2900 mAh here:
Dumps of zeroed firmware for battery capacities 3000 - 3900 mAh here:
Dumps of zeroed firmware for battery capacities 4000 - 5000 mAh here:
The program for flashing PonyProg is here:
If someone decides to create a firmware from the battery's native firmware, here is a table to edit the dump:
in spreadsheet format (* .xls) Excel editor:
Open the file downloaded from the above link. See line 28 (DesignCapacity) in cell B28 (where the value is 4500) change this value to the value of the capacity of your battery. That is, if you have a Toshiba Libretto 50 / 70CT, then enter the capacity of one element. If you have a Toshiba Libretto 100 / 110CT, then enter the value of the cell capacity multiplied by 2 (For example: the cell capacity is 2200mAh, therefore the capacity of the entire battery will be 2200 * 2 = 4400mAh). Further in the cell J29 , opposite which FullChargeCapacity is written, also change the value (4500) to the value of your battery's capacity.
original firmware from Toshiba Libretto 50CT (4000 mAh) with a battery life of 50-60 minutes:
3. Next, you should do the “charge-discharge” cycle 2-3 times in order to accustom the controller to new elements.
4. Look like that's it.
Firmware works, tested on Libretto 50CT and 110CT models! Kai, uav1606, Anonymous
Z.Y2: Who has not figured it out, we ask questions in PM.
ZY3: Whoever does not have a programmer, I can help. There are a number of free EEPROMs. The cost of one sewn mikruli is 200 rubles (including shipping, if not to Mars). You will need to tell me the capacity of the new element (which you want to replace the old ones), as well as the model of the laptop.
Z.Y4: Recommendations for choosing Li-ION cells: You can safely take SONY and LG. but we try not to take Panasonic with a capacity of 3000 - 4000 mAh, capricious elements (if they do not like the controller, they will give only half the capacity)
Bonus: utility for changing BIOS settings of Toshiba notebooks from Windows and MS-DOS operating systems:
Changed the battery banks in my Libretka. Delivered 2500mAh. Nevertheless, after an hour of operation, the controller reports that the battery is empty. Although the laptop continues to work further (about 1.5-2 hours) until it is completely turned off. In principle, this does not bother me at all, but is it still possible to calibrate the battery on Librets?
PS: Now while I'm driving the battery in a circle, that is, charge-discharge. During charging, the laptop is turned off. Can the controller learn by itself
In this topic, lay out the software necessary for repairing the battery, information that you need to know during repair, typical malfunctions and other necessary information, do not ask questions in this topic.
Laptop battery. Accumulator battery (other names: battery, battery) - this is one of the main devices that distinguish a laptop from a desktop machine, although this does not affect the operation of a laptop as such, but still everyone wants to have a working battery, at least so as not to turn off the laptop go from the room to the kitchen.
Let's see what kind of batteries are in principle:
The emergence of NiMH is due to an attempt to overcome the disadvantages of nickel-cadmium batteries.
Another type of popular battery is Lithium Polymer. The difference from Li-ion lies in the name itself and lies in the type of electrolyte used, it is assumed that a dry solid polymer electrolyte is used, however, today technologies do not allow such an element to be made, therefore, a gel is used
The aforementioned danger of overcharging means the following: overcharging can lead to an increase in cell pressure and leakage. Therefore, the safety of battery operation is always ensured by an external electronic protection system against overcharging and overdischarging of individual batteries. It includes controllers that measure the voltage of each battery or block of parallel-connected batteries, and a switch for opening the electrical circuit when the voltage limits are reached. Thermistors are used to monitor the temperature of the battery.
Another disadvantage of Li-ion batteries is the fear of a strong discharge (overdischarge). The aforementioned protection circuit is powered directly from the batteries, and therefore if the cells are completely discharged, the circuit stops working and the cells are not charged, in addition, a deep discharge negatively affects the internal structure of the cells themselves. It is believed that the optimal range for the operation of li-ion cells is 20-100% of the charge, the output below 20% leads to faster aging of the cells.
The service life of Li-ion cells is calculated not only in years of service, but also in charge-discharge cycles, as a rule, until the capacity is reduced by 20%, they provide 500 - 1000 cycles. The further behavior of the elements is rather difficult to predict due to the large number of cells in the battery, most often there is a gradual decrease in capacity, sometimes abruptly, so the protection system keeps track of the number of cycles. On older models of batteries, when a certain cycle value was reached, the protection system closed the battery, and it was not possible to use it. The ability to close the battery when a certain number of cycles is reached remains today, just the number of cycles prescribed in the battery is large enough, and the aging of the elements, and therefore the drop in capacity, occurs earlier. As a rule, the counter value can be reset to zero, but do not forget that using such a battery is somewhat unsafe, the cells in the battery age unevenly, which means that they are also charged and discharged unevenly.
There is another difficulty associated with the counter, what is to be counted as a charge-discharge cycle? Full discharge and full charge? But it is not recommended to completely discharge it. And whether to read a short-term disconnection from the network in a loop? Most modern batteries do not charge if the current charge is more than 90-95%, this avoids unnecessarily high rates of charge-discharge cycles. The figure 90% -95% is relative - on some laptops it can be edited with special utilities.
As for the storage conditions, there is no unambiguous information on this issue, the most common is the opinion that it is necessary to store at a charge of 40% periodically (once every two to three months) recharging to this value.
In general, Li-ion batteries perform best at room temperature. Operation at elevated temperatures dramatically shortens their lifespan.
At low temperatures, battery performance decreases.A temperature of minus 20 ° C is the limit at which Li-ion batteries cease to function.
Battery repair is required in two cases:
2. The battery does not hold at all. Again, there are two options:
As you can see, there are few problems, and there are also few solutions.
Option b) New elements are definitely needed. 4-6-8-9-12 cell battery - accordingly 4-6-8-9-12 new cells are needed. Just replacing a dead group won't help. Why? The old elements have one capacity, the new one will have a different one. Accordingly, a disbalance will appear on the groups of elements, and the electronics will simply turn off this battery.
Means:
4. It is necessary to disconnect the elements from the electronics from the greater plus to the smallest. This can be determined visually in most cases. If it doesn't work, arm yourself with a tester.
5. Before welding the elements, connect them all together at night: all the pluses to the pluses, the minuses to the minuses. This is necessary to equalize the potential on the banks.
6. The battery is opened, new elements are purchased, welded like the old ones, the old ones are removed. In theory, all that remains is to solder the new elements to the electronics, and hurray. No, no hurray. It's all about the same electronics. She remembers everything about your old elements - the number of cycles performed, the capacity of the elements, etc. If your battery had a capacity of 4000mAh, and after a year or two or three of its operation its capacity became 200mAh, then even if you substitute new elements into the battery, the electronics "will not believe". The conviction of electronics that it has new elements is called flashing (reset, zeroing) the firmware. What tools are used to do this, see the heading "HARD - hardware that is needed to repair laptop batteries"
7. Now you need to determine which bundle you will be dealing with. The term "bundle" appeared due to the fact that, as a rule, a pair of microcircuits is used on electronics: a control controller and a memory in which various useful data are recorded. There are batteries that have only memory on the electronics, or only a controller. But out of habit, we will continue to call them "bundle". Look carefully at the electronics board. The controller is usually the largest microcircuit on the board. Memory, as a rule, is an 8-pin microcircuit, such as the 24C64,24C32 series and the like.
8. The bundle was identified. Now the question is what and where to change in order to reset the firmware. Some controller manufacturers do not hide this information, and describe everything in detail in datasheets. After reading and understanding the datasheet for your controller, you will know what and what needs to be changed. In some cases, battery manufacturers hide information, and it is extracted bit by bit. But then it is embodied in programs that can be used for repairs.
11. So, if the goal is achieved: the laptop runs on battery for the prescribed hour or two or three (like new), the charge and discharge curve is uniform - then we can be proud of ourselves and consider that we have achieved success.
Read SMbus data via laptop battery connector.
If we hadn't dropped our laptops, filled them with coffee (tea, cola, beer - choose the right one) and generally cleaned them from time to time, they would have worked for almost a dozen years. However, a laptop battery is by definition limited, and you're lucky if the battery lasts longer than 5 years.
Gradually, its capacity decreases, which means that the operating time from one charge is reduced, but it happens that the capacity drops sharply. The case can come to overheating of the battery and even an explosion.
But there is another option - self-repair of laptop batteries with replacement of elements that have lost their resource.
Where to begin? With diagnostics!
First of all, you need to find out how much the laptop's operating time has decreased after charging the battery, how adequately its charge level is estimated. There are special programs for testing the battery, including the free BatteryMon program.
• Chemistry - type of battery, for example, Lithium Ion (lithium-ion);
How to replace the battery cells of a Toshiba Satellite T230-12T laptop
We disassemble the laptop battery
It makes sense to repair a laptop battery with your own hands only if you are sure that the controller board is working properly, but if the controller is faulty or blocked, then it will be cheaper to contact a specialized workshop.
Next, we determine the connection diagram of the battery cells and the connection to the controller board. It is most convenient to take a photo of the assembly, sketch the electrical connection diagram and put down the polarity of connecting the elements in it.
In a Toshiba battery, the cell combining circuit is designated as 2P3S, that is, two cells are connected in parallel, and three such blocks are connected in series.
The circuit must be confirmed with a voltmeter:
This is how the thermal sensors are fixed on the elements with the help of adhesive tape.
Characteristics of lithium-ion batteries
Voltage range
Much depends on the type of chemistry of the elements. In most cases, these are Li-ion batteries with a voltage of 3.6 V; they can be charged up to 4.2 V and discharged up to 3.0 V. It is important to know the operating range of the batteries so that it does not happen that the new cells are designed for a narrower range than the original one. If the voltage is higher than the tolerance, then the elements will overheat and may even explode; if the voltage output is lower than the permissible, it will lead to a sharp loss of capacitance. Alternatively, cells with a wider voltage range can be used, but they can be too expensive.
Charge and discharge currents
There are usually no problems with charge / discharge currents, high-current batteries are not used in laptops, but it is still recommended to clarify the current capacity.
Battery capacity
It is desirable that the capacity of the batteries is comparable to the capacity of the original cells. If the capacity is underestimated, then the battery life of the laptop will be reduced; if it is overestimated, then the operating time will increase slightly without reflashing the controller.
So, when replacing elements from 2900mAh to 3350mAh, a 15.5% increase in capacity was expected. And the laptop battery controller was programmed for 2800mAh cells, and they were replaced with 3000mAh cells.
If you want to save money, if the battery life does not matter, you can put the cells on a lower capacity or reduce the number of batteries connected in parallel (for example, put 1 instead of 2). But first it is necessary to clarify the current load of the batteries, since if the batteries are designed for a lower capacity, then they, as a rule, have a lower current capacity.
Dimensions (edit)
Recovering laptop battery
Restoration of a disassembled battery is advisable only if:
Purchasing a new controller or looking for a programmer and program to unlock the controller is impractical when it comes to a single battery repair.
First of all, it is necessary to establish the brand of old elements and their characteristics with the type of chemistry, voltage, charge and discharge currents, capacity (these data are available on the Internet). This is necessary to find new workable items.
Where to get the elements
Recycling of good old elements is possible; you can buy them in your city or order in overseas stores or on eBay or AliExpress.
How to solder li-ion batteries
In production, the battery is assembled from the cells using contact welding. Many people believe that if the battery is soldered, then it will fail or last a little. But if you solder correctly and exclude operation in extreme conditions, then it will be possible to do without a resistance welding apparatus.
For proper soldering you will need:
• a soldering iron with a wide tip with a power of at least 40 W (better with temperature stabilization);
The procedure is as follows:
This is how a new battery looks like with a petal from a mobile charger, welded by contact welding.
To limit the current in the break of the battery circuit, it is necessary to turn on a resistor with a resistance of at least dU / Imax (voltage difference across the battery cells, divided by the maximum permissible charge / discharge current of the batteries).
Having balanced the voltage on all the elements, we proceed to assembling them into a storage battery. The easiest option is to connect new elements using old connecting busbars, but if they were damaged during disassembly, copper foil with a thickness of 100-200 microns is required.
Soldering batteries
When assembling a battery of six cells, it is advisable to combine all the cells in pairs: the minuses of the two cells together and the pluses, too, and then turn on three pairs in sequence.
Video (click to play).
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