Do-it-yourself chainsaw repair forester

In detail: do-it-yourself repair of chainsaws forester from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

The chainsaw is a worthy replacement for hand saws and axes. Today, this tool is available in almost every household - it is indispensable for setting up a personal plot, construction and repair work. Intensive use and improper care of the tool can lead to premature failure. However, the owner of the chainsaw does not have to go to the workshop right away - many of the faults that can happen to her during operation are quite realistic to eliminate on their own.

Correct diagnosis is essential for a successful repair. Therefore, in order to determine why the chainsaw failed and, most importantly, how to make it work again, you first need to know the features of its design.

It should be noted that it does not differ in particular complexity, since it includes:

engine (two-stroke gasoline);
functional part (saw bar and chain);
systems that ensure the joint operation of these two units (ignition, filtration, lubrication, etc.), that is, the tool as a whole.

In order to simplify the diagnosis of malfunctions, it is customary to distinguish them into two main categories:

engine malfunctions;
malfunctions of other parts of the chainsaw.

Most often, failures occur in the engine systems, however, the rest of the tool, due to intensive use or improper care, can fail at any time. How to determine exactly where the breakdown occurred? Simple logic will help us with this.

If the problem is in the engine, it will:

Video (click to play).

do not start;
deafen;
work unstable;
overheat;
smoke;
develop insufficient power.

As for all other malfunctions, as a rule, they manifest themselves with a normally operating motor.

If your chainsaw won't start, the first thing to do is to check for a mixture of fuel in the tank. By the way, it must be prepared in the proportions indicated by the engine manufacturer, otherwise the instrument will simply not start.

After verifying that the fuel mixture is correct and available, the ignition system should be checked. To do this, you need to inspect the spark plug.

Her condition can say a lot:

indicates that the fuel mixture does not enter the carburetor, which means that the problem is not in the ignition;

fuel-splattered candle

is the result of an overabundance of the fuel mixture, which lies either in a violation of the engine starting algorithm or in an incorrect carburetor adjustment;

this is a signal about the presence of low-quality oil in the engine lubrication system, incorrect carburetor settings, or an incorrectly prepared fuel mixture.

If the spark plug is splashed with fuel, wipe it thoroughly after removing it. The fuel supply system should also be cleaned. To do this, it overlaps, after which the starter is turned on. A carbonized candle must be carefully cleaned with an awl and emery.

When checking the spark plugs, you should pay attention to the distance between the electrodes (the normal gap is 0.5-0.65 mm), as well as the condition of the gasket and the presence of a spark. A damaged or worn gasket will have to be replaced, and the spark can be checked by putting on the ignition cable, connecting the cylinder and plug nut, and starting the starter.

If the discharge does not occur, the plug must be replaced. In the event that a spark does not appear with a new candle, then the problem is in the connection to the high-voltage wire or in it itself.

If the fuel mixture does not flow into the cylinder, but the spark plug is working properly, this may mean that:

Clogged fuel filter.

To clean this unit, remove the fuel hose and check the jet. If it is weak, the filter must be removed through the filler hole of the fuel tank and cleaned or replaced if completely worn out.

As a preventive measure, it is recommended to replace the fuel filter at least once every 3 months.

This is nothing more than a hole in the fuel tank cap, which is cleaned out with an awl.

The fuel mixture is not supplied or is supplied insufficiently.

There may be several reasons for this:

the air filter is clogged (in this case, it must be removed, rinsed with water, dried and replaced);
the carburetor settings are out of order (which means this unit needs to be re-adjusted);
the integrity of the carburetor membrane is broken (must be replaced);
the channels of the carburetor are clogged (it must be disassembled and all parts and assemblies must be cleaned).

If at low speeds the engine of the chainsaw works normally, but at high speeds it starts to stall and smoke, the problem may be hidden in the muffler.

To check the quality of its work, you should do:

dismantling (with the obligatory closing of the outlet);
disassembly (if the muffler is collapsible);
cleaning from carbon deposits using special detergents or dry method;
drying (using a hair dryer);
reassembly and assembly.

Dry cleaning without respiratory protection is not recommended. The carcinogens present in the soot will be released into the surrounding atmosphere in the form of dust, the inhalation of which is extremely hazardous to health.

To prevent clogging of the muffler during the operation of the chainsaw, you should carefully monitor the composition of the fuel mixture and the quality of its components.

If the chainsaw engine does not start or cannot develop normal power, it is likely that sufficient pressure does not build up in the engine cylinder for combustion of the fuel mixture. The reason for this may be the wear of the elements of the cylinder-piston group - the piston, rings, bearings, etc. In order to assess the condition of this unit, it should be visually inspected, having previously removed the muffler.

Read also: DIY boiler repair

For a more complete diagnosis, a compression gauge is placed in the spark plug hole of the two-stroke engine of the chainsaw. It measures the compression in the engine. Based on the results of the check, one can judge the state of the CPG, however, the exact facts can only be obtained with a complete disassembly of the unit.

If the piston is chipped or scratched, it will obviously need to be replaced. The same applies to deformed or broken piston rings - for normal engine operation, they must be completely intact and free of carbon deposits.

A properly working carburetor guarantees maximum efficiency of the chainsaw, that is, it is possible to develop full power with the most economical consumption of the fuel mixture. The adjustment of this unit is usually carried out by the manufacturer, but its design provides for the possibility of adjustment already during operation.

The fact that such a setting will have to be performed by the owner of the chainsaw is evidenced by:

Strong vibrations or damage to the protective cover.
CPG wear.
Carburetor clogged.
Inability to start the engine or its spontaneous stops after starting.
Increase in fuel consumption and emissions while decreasing engine power.

Chainsaw carburetor adjustment is carried out in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions using three special screws, which are responsible for the maximum ("M") and minimum ("L") revolutions, as well as the idle speed of the engine ("T").In order to exclude unwanted interference by an inexperienced user with the carburetor operation, some manufacturers install only one idle screw.

Carburetor adjustment is carried out in two stages:

Basic (carried out with the engine off).
Finishing (carried out with a running, pre-warmed engine).

For basic adjustment, screw in screws H and L as far as the stop and back out 1.5 turns. Final adjustments require the engine to warm up for 5-10 minutes at low revs.

The final calibration is performed by unscrewing the idle screw until the minimum engine speed is reached (in this case, its operation must be stable, and the chain must be stationary). If the engine stops at idle speed, the screw must be returned back, and if the saw chain is still in motion, continue turning counterclockwise.

Calibration check is performed by test:

Acceleration (with a smooth press on the accelerator, the engine should quickly pick up speed to the maximum indicator).
Maximum speed (if there is an ignition interruption, screw H should be slightly loosened).
Work at idle speed (the chain should not move, and the engine should pick up speed as quickly as possible).

If the owner of the chainsaw is not familiar with the carburetor device and does not have the tool necessary to calibrate it, contact a specialist. The carburetor is a very complex unit, so any wrong action can lead to irreversible consequences, for example, complete engine failure.

If the diagnostics showed that everything is in order with the engine and its systems, then the cause of the malfunction should be looked for in other units of the chainsaw. The most common problems are:

failure of the starter;
improper operation of the lubrication system;
incorrect operation of the chain brake;
saw chain wear, etc.

If the cause of the tool failure is not visible to the naked eye, as is the case with the engine, it is necessary to perform a thorough diagnosis of the faults and eliminate them in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and safety regulations.

Customization chainsaw carburetor... Or how not to pay repairmen!

Owning a chainsaw makes life much easier even for an amateur, and in some professions this tool is virtually indispensable. However, like any relatively complex device, chainsaw requires periodic maintenance. Chainsaw review Lesnik 3816 from Leroy Merlin. Chainsaw Carburetor adjustment. Due to untimely or poor quality maintenance, as well as as a result of the impact of both planned and excessive loads, various kinds of malfunctions may appear. For professionals, interruptions or erratic saws reduce efficiency or can lead to a ruined working day. One of the most common malfunctions is incorrect configuration. chainsaw carburetorwhich gets lost due to unsuccessful attempts to adjust or displace the adjusting screws for other reasons.

The following symptoms and malfunctions indicate the need to adjust the carburetor:

the engine starts with an effort and stalls almost instantly;
gasoline consumption is too high, the exhaust is too thick, the combustible mixture in the cylinder does not completely burn out;
the factory settings of the chainsaw carburetor are knocked down (due to vibrations or unsuccessful attempts to regulate);
malfunctions of the air cleaning system, which led to the ingress of debris particles into the mechanism for distributing the fuel mixture;
significant wear of the piston group - setting the carburetor in this case acts as a temporary measure.

It is clear that if dirt gets into the fuel system, one setting cannot solve the problem - you need to flush it.If the piston is worn out, a major overhaul is required. However, in all these cases, the carburetor adjustment is also carried out.

The carburetor is needed to prepare the air-fuel mixture to power the engine. If the proportions in this mixture are not correct, the motor will malfunction. If the proportion is not observed in the direction of increasing the amount of fuel, the mixture is called oversaturated, if, on the contrary, there is little fuel, it is called lean. Both of them affect the operation of the engine in a bad way.

In different models of chainsaws, carburetors differ in design, but they are similar in principle of operation. The air stream moves at high speed through the air duct. A damper blocking the channel allows you to change the speed of the air stream. The fuel is fed through the nozzle into the channel, where it mixes with the incoming air, forming an air-fuel mixture. The resulting mixture enters the engine.

The pressure in the float chamber, where the fuel is located before mixing, is practically equal to atmospheric pressure. But a vacuum is created in the air channel, due to which the fuel is drawn into the air stream. The more the damper is opened, the faster the air moves, and the amount of fuel also increases - the engine speed increases. So, in a simplified way, you can imagine the principle of operation of the carburetor.

Chainsaw carburetor adjustment is required for efficient, smooth operation of the tool, getting maximum output and at the same time economical fuel consumption. Before adjusting, the fuel and air filters must be checked - they must be clean. On most chainsaws, adjustment is carried out with three screws: idle, high speed, low speed. The following signs indicate the correct setting of the carburetor:

The chain does not move when idling.
The engine accelerates smoothly and quickly.
The sound of the engine running is smooth, similar to the sound of a four-stroke engine.

Adjustment idling on a chainsaw Forester... Care chainsaw.

Chainsaw carburetor adjustment.Adjusting the carburetor should be treated with all possible care, because errors in the settings can lead to very serious consequences, up to the occurrence of engine malfunction. If you are not completely confident in your abilities, you need to contact the service center.For the run-in mode, so that the parts receive sufficient lubrication, the setting carburetor Chainsaw Husqvarna made in such a way that the maximum speed was 600-700 rpm. below working. If it is not possible to set the operating maximum frequency by the tachometer, you should not change the presets with the H screw. It is forbidden to exceed the value of the maximum number of revolutions by the manufacturer. If, after completing the adjustment, the saw chain moves when the engine is idling, turn the screw T counterclockwise to bring it to a complete stop.For accurate adjustment, the saw must be warmed up for at least 10 minutes, set on a flat surface. The tire should point away from the person making the tune. At the initial stage, the highest frequency value should be found idle move... To do this, screw L is smoothly turned first from left to right, then vice versa. When the maximum revolutions have been found empirically, screw L should be unscrewed counterclockwise by a value from 1/8 to a quarter of a full revolution.The idle speed is adjusted by the nozzle marked with the letter T. It must be turned from left to right until the chain starts to move. Then gently feed in the opposite direction until the rotation of the chain stops. Screw H is considered to be installed correctly if the noise of the saw at full throttle without load remains low.If the exhaust is too smoky and the saw makes a lot of noise, the mixture is too rich. It is necessary to turn the H jet clockwise until the correct sound is set. How to properly tune the carburetor can be seen in the video below.In Stihl and Partner chainsaws, adjusting screws H and L set the proportion of air and gasoline in the mixture. When the screws are loosened, the mixture is enriched, the revolutions increase. Screwing in leads to a leaner mixture and, accordingly, a decrease in engine speed.Adjusting the carburetor of the Partner's chainsaw to idle is carried out with the T screw (Calm marks this adjustment with the letters LA). Basic tool setting is done in the factory during final testing. In most cases, the carburetor is adjusted to deliver a slightly richer air-fuel mixture than the optimal design. The settings set by the manufacturer must be saved during the first few hours of operation, during the running-in period. After that, a finer adjustment can be made, although this is not necessary, the saw will work fine with the basic settings.For fine adjustment of the carburetor, a tachometer is required, in addition, technical documentation will be required in order to carry out work in strict accordance with the manufacturer's requirements. The best solution would be to entrust the jewelry tuning of the fuel equipment to specialists. Image - Do-it-yourself chainsaw repair forester

If, nevertheless, it is decided to adjust independently, you should start with screw L, then go to the nozzle H, and then set the idle speed by rotating the screw T (or LA - if it is a Stihl saw).

By smoothly turning the screw L in both directions, a position is sought at which the idle speed will be maximum. After this point is found, it is required to unscrew the screw L by 1/4 turn. If the chain continues to move when the engine is idling, screw T (LA) is slowly unscrewed until the chain stops.

After setting the maximum speed with the screw H, the value of their frequency is checked by the tachometer. Chainsaw Forester 3816 Specifically, adjusting the carburetor of a chainsaw is rarely required. If the speed at maximum does not correspond to the values specified in the documentation, the adjustments are repeated. If the mixture turns out to be too rich at maximum speed, too much smoke comes out of the muffler, when the mixture is poor, the saw makes a squealing sound and the engine heats up unnecessarily. Adjustment ends with an idle setting - the position is considered correct if the engine runs exactly at the minimum speed and the chain is at a standstill. The idle speed setting can be viewed in the video below.

Read also: Chainsaw sadko DIY repair

Almost any Chinese chainsaw has the same adjustments as those of branded counterparts. The same screws L, H and T are present. Sometimes there are saws in which only idle speed is to be adjusted. However, according to the reviews of the owners and service workers, not every chainsaw can adjust the carburetor without problems. Even for experienced repairmen, some models can take a decent amount of time to get an acceptable result.

The position of the screw L, at which it is loosened by one and a half turns from the fully clamped position, is considered standard for "Chinese" carburetors. For screw H - one revolution from the same state. In many videos, the L screw is called the quality control of the mixture, and the H screw is called its quantity. Idle speed is adjusted in the same way as described above with a warm engine.

DIY chainsaw carburetor setting

For an independent carburetor option, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with its device and understand the order of work that is carried out to adjust the parts responsible for the correct functioning of the component parts of the device and parts close to it.

It is necessary to carefully handle the items for the system option, and also to determine whether the set characteristics correspond to very permissible values.

The carburetor serves to mix the combustible consistency with air, observing the proportions established in advance. If clear doses are not followed, the proper functioning of the motor is at risk. When a huge amount of air enters during mixing of a component, and there is not enough fuel, then such a mixture is considered "poor".

Over-saturation should not be allowed, because with a large amount of fuel, in comparison with air, malfunctions or engine wear are also likely. Adjustment of the carburetor is needed not only before the initial introduction, but also when any differences in its operation are revealed. Before using your chainsaw, do not forget to run it in.

Components of the carburetor

The carburetor design contains a standard set of parts, but may vary slightly from manufacturer to manufacturer. Components:

The foundation... It is a special tube that visually resembles an aerodynamic structure. Air passes through it. In the transverse direction in the middle of the pipe there is a damper. Its position can be changed. The more it is pushed into the passage, the less air enters the engine.
Diffuser... This is the constricted part of the tube. With its help, the air flow rate increases exactly in the segment from which the fuel comes out.
Channels for fuel supply. The fuel mixture is contained in the float chamber, then passes into the nozzle, from which it flows into the sprayer.
Float chamber... It is a separate structural element, reminiscent of the shape of a tank. Designed to constantly maintain the optimal level of the fuel fluid in front of the entrance to the channel where the air comes from.

Not sure which chainsaw to choose? Read our article.

Looking for models that are cheaper, but reliable and time-tested? Pay attention to Russian-made chainsaws.

Alternatively, research foreign chainsaw manufacturers such as Calm.

Every carburetor owner should have the necessary tools to adjust this system. There are three adjusting screws located on the body of the device. They have their own markings:

L - screw for low speed correction.
H - screw for adjusting high rpm.
T - regulates the idle speed, in most cases it is used for experiments.

Chainsaw air filter

Before adjusting the carburetor, you need to prepare the device:

The engine warms up, that is, it starts about 10 minutes before the repair, and turns off when you start work (see how to start the chainsaw).
The air filter is checked and washed.
The chain is stopped by turning the screw T as far as it will go (see chain oil).

To carry out a safe repair, you need to prepare a flat surface where you can carefully position the device, and turn the chain in the opposite direction. We need a tachometer. It determines the presence of a malfunction in the carburetor. When the screws are turning, the sound should be perfect and absolutely smooth. If you notice squealing notes, then the mixture is oversaturated.

Carburetor adjustment is divided into two main steps. The first is called basic. It is performed with the engine running. The second is performed when the engine is warm.

To carry out the carburetor tuning procedure successfully, you need to read the operating instructions in advance specific model to identify additional features of the device configuration.

The adjusting screws of the highest and lowest speed should be moved clockwise until the highest resistance is encountered. When the screws reach the stop, you need to move them in the opposite direction and leave them after 1.5 turns.

Adjustment idling on chainsaw Forester... Care chainsaw.

malfunctions chainsaw Forgot to say emptyThe engine turns on at medium speed and warms up like this for about 10 minutes. The idle speed screw must move clockwise. It is released only when the engine comes into stable operation. It is necessary to check that the chain does not move during this process.

In idle mode, the engine may stall (the reason is here). In this case, immediately turn the adjusting screw clockwise until it stops. Sometimes the chain starts to move. In this case, turn the adjusting screw in the opposite direction.A little research needs to be done. Device acceleration is initiated. The serviceability of the engine should be assessed during the maximum revolutions. When the engine is functioning properly it means when the accelerator is pressed, the speed rises rapidly to 15,000 rpm. If this does not happen or the increase in speed is too slow, it is necessary to use the screw marked with the letter L. It turns counterclockwise. Moderate movements must be observed, since the turn cannot be more than 1/8 of a full circle.To limit this value, you need to use the screw marked H. To increase the number of revolutions, turn it clockwise, and to decrease them in the opposite direction. The maximum frequency should not exceed 15000 rpm. If you increase this indicator, the engine of the device will work for wear, which will lead to problems in the ignition system. When turning this screw, the ignition processes of the device must be taken into account. If the slightest glitches appear, then the maximum speed value must be reduced.Before this procedure, it is necessary to perform a full adjustment of the components of the carburetor when operating at maximum speed. Next, you should check the functioning of the device in idle cold mode. When the correct parameters are achieved during the adjustment, you can see the exact conformity of the carburetor design to the following criteria:

When the idle cold mode is connected, the chain does not move.

Chainsaw accelerator

When the accelerator is pressed even slightly, the engine picks up speed at an accelerated pace. With a gradual deepening of the pressure, you will notice that the engine speed increases commensurately, reaching the maximum allowable values.
When the engine is running, you can compare its sound to a four-stroke instrument.

If violations are noticed in the above parameters or the device was not completely adjusted, you need to perform the main setup step again. Sometimes actions are performed incorrectly. In this case, the device may fail due to the loss of the correct node settings. In this case, you will have to contact a specialist.

The device of different models of carburetors is almost the same, so when working with them, you can use the standard scheme. All elements must be removed carefully, and then lay out in the order belowso that you can successfully place the items in place after the completion of the repair work.

It would seem, why does a chainsaw need a summer resident who grows vegetables and fruits, or the owner of a country house who has a small garden and several flower beds? The question disappears when there is a desire to build a bathhouse, update a greenhouse, topple an old business, or just make a bench for relaxation. Unfortunately, any mechanism periodically needs preventive maintenance and replacement of spare parts, and for this you need to be well versed in the device of the product, besides, repairing the chainsaw with your own hands will save time and money.

All chainsaws are similar in structure, regardless of whether they are European (ECHO, Stihl, Husqvarna) or domestic (Kedr, Ural). The main elements are located inside the body - the fuel tank and the engine, and outside the starter, the handle, the saw part (tire) with the chain. A sharp jerk in the cable starts the engine, which starts the saw blade.

To begin with, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the video clips that show how the chainsaw works and how it works:

From time to time, the saw malfunctions, which require disassembly to eliminate. What can happen to such a simple mechanism as a chainsaw? At least the following:

Stops getting started;
Starts up, but soon stops;
Ceases to function in the cut;
Loses its power;

Most of the malfunctions are associated either with interruptions in the operation of the engine (fuel supply system, exhaust system, ignition, cylinder-piston part), or with malfunctions of other systems and assemblies (clutch, chain brake, tire, lubrication system). Let's consider the most common breakdowns and techniques for their elimination.

A serviceable chainsaw starts with one jerk and does not fail in the cut

The first thing to do if a chainsaw breaks down is to inspect the spark plug by disconnecting the wire and carefully unscrewing it with a special key.

Components of the chainsaw ignition system: 1 - flywheel with magnets, 2 - ignition module, 3 - spark plug, 4 - high voltage wire

Unscrew the spark plug to check its condition.

Her appearance says a lot:

Dry. Most likely, the fuel mixture does not enter the cylinder. It's not about the ignition system, so the plug is screwed back in.
Strongly splashed with fuel. The reason for the excess fuel mixture lies either in the violation of the starting rules, or in the incorrect adjustment of the carburetor. Carefully wipe the spark plug, shut off the fuel supply and turn on the starter to remove excess fuel and ventilate the combustion chamber. Then the candle is put in place and the mechanism is started again.
Covered with black carbon. This may indicate the use of low-quality oil, an incorrectly adjusted carburetor, or an incorrectly calculated gasoline to oil ratio. The candle should be washed, cleaned of carbon deposits with a sharp object (awl or needle), wipe the electrodes with a sandpaper and put in place.