Do-it-yourself drill repair reasons

In detail: do-it-yourself drill repair reasons from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

DIY blender drill. I also made a small cutting disc from a cutting disc to a grinder

Interesting idea.
Took note.

it should be more detailed: what, where, how, and photos in foreshortenings

Safety glasses are a must!

And I liked the idea. 🙂 Recently, a friend suggested using an old mixer as a sander for polishing too. 😉

Not suitable as an engraver, a completely useless product

The engraver does not have a moment at low, it does not have a gearbox at all.

And you put the chtoli on the glue from the pistol)))
One thing pleases - If there is ingenuity, then the result will then be

the cartridge fit well in diameter, close, wrapped some electrical tape on the shaft in one layer and missed it with hot glue, so that for sure)

“To be sure” to protect your head from a detached cartridge, it is better to work in a helmet.

the cartridge fit well in diameter, close, wrapped some electrical tape on the shaft in one layer and missed it with hot glue, so that for sure)

The design is certainly not eternal But (One thing pleases - If there is ingenuity, then the result will be later)

Is there enough power or does the blade lose speed during cutting?

I'm 16, it's too early to have a wife: D

Well, parents will understand and forgive)))

Super! It is a pity that the speed is not regulated ...

The rheostat just won't work))

for vacuum cleaners with a control board, take

Super! It is a pity that the speed is not regulated ...

I think to remake the power button, because it only works when pressed, the revolutions can be adjusted by pressing the button, the stronger the more revolutions

Drill button? The most important thing in the drill is a fairly large torque at low revs.

Video (click to play).

I think to remake the power button, because it only works when pressed, the revolutions can be adjusted by pressing the button, the stronger the more revolutions

Solder the phase power regulator. It is installed in all equipment to adjust the speed: engravers, vacuum cleaners, washing machines ...

I think to remake the power button, because it only works when pressed, the revolutions can be adjusted by pressing the button, the stronger the more revolutions

The button with the dependence of the speed on the force of pressing the button is not suitable for the engraver. Often you have to change the position of the hands (and arms in general), change the grip, etc. The speed will jump, which will affect the quality of processing and safety. In addition, in different positions the hand has completely different possible compression-holding forces.
So, it is better to be an external one, but a regulator with a fixation in each position corresponding to the number of revolutions required to perform a particular operation.

Many home craftsmen are interested in the question of whether a drill can be made by hand. It is not difficult to solve this problem, while the finished home-made device, with all the simplicity of its design, will be distinguished by a fairly high efficiency and functionality.

Homemade drill based on a small-sized electric motor

A homemade drill will be inexpensive and will not cause any special problems during manufacture. It will be useful in many situations, including when performing such technological operations as:

drilling;
reaming holes;
processing grooves and grooves of various configurations;
engraving;
polishing;
cutting of plastic products;
cutting non-ferrous sheet metal (aluminum, brass, bronze, etc.) up to 1.5 mm thick.

Grinding a metal part with a drill

The drill, made according to the instructions below, is distinguished by its compact dimensions, low weight and ease of use. Such a device, made by hand at home, is equally successfully used to perform small and rather serious work with products made of various materials - metal, wood, plastic, bone, etc. Such a drill is very useful in jewelry, when repairing small items for various purposes , manufacture and repair of electrical devices and in many other situations.

How to make a drill with your own hands? You can use various options for its design. As the main working element of such a device, it is very convenient to use the attachments that were used to complete the old-style dental drills. Such a nozzle, as a rule, is initially mounted on a flexible shaft, from which it must be removed by unscrewing its spring. A not too wide ring should be cut off from the bottom of the dismantled drill bit, which will play the role of a nut used to fix the entire device on the plate. In addition, by cutting off such a ring, you will free the end of the shaft on which the gear will be mounted.

So, you need a flexible attachment from a dental machine.

It is possible to install various types of interchangeable tool holders on the engraver attachments made by hand in the proposed design. Such holders, in particular, may be:

straight;
with a lateral arrangement of the tool;
with a curved working head.

Interchangeable holder options

Holders of the straight type are more universal, which are used in 90% of cases. In situations where the location of the workpiece does not allow the use of straight holders, they turn to bits of the curved type and with a lateral arrangement of the tool.

Having chosen working attachments from an old drill to equip your homemade engraver, keep in mind that they can only be used in a set with a tool with a shank diameter of 2.35 mm. At the same time, tools intended for installation in straight-type holders are distinguished by an elongated shank. The shanks of burs installed in corner holders are shorter and have a special groove (slot).

The old nozzle will have to be cleaned and lubricated, and possibly replaced with micro bearings.

The use of homemade nozzles for an engraver from an old drill has a number of advantages. The main one is that such a drill can be purchased for very little money, since such devices are practically not used in modern dentistry. Finding and buying tools for equipping such attachments does not present any particular problems either.

In order to be able to use a nozzle from an old drill for performing small work with products made of metal, plastic, wood and bone, it is necessary to make a device with which such a nozzle will be driven by a small electric motor of the required power. As a drive motor for a homemade drill, you can use a small, but resourceful and powerful motor from an ordinary hair dryer or an old VCR.

Various sizes of plastic gears can be used to transfer the torque from the electric motor to the engraver attachment shaft. Such gears, in particular, are equipped with gearboxes of children's clockwork toys, as well as kinematic diagrams of household appliances for various purposes. When choosing such gears, it is very important to ensure that they correspond to each other in terms of the number, shape of teeth and outer diameter.To increase the power of the working attachment of a home-made drill, a gear of a larger diameter must be fixed on its shaft, and a gear of a smaller diameter must be fixed on the shaft of the drive motor.

We select a motor and gears

The diameters of the bore holes in the gears that you select to equip the drive mechanism of your home-made drill, most likely, will not match the dimensions of the electric motor shafts and the working attachment. This problem is solved quite simply: by drilling in the gears of the bore holes of the required diameter. To ensure a tight and secure fit of the plastic gears on the shafts of the engine and the engraver's attachment, the holes should be drilled with a smaller diameter (by 0.1–0.2 mm) than the dimensions of the shafts themselves.

The drive unit of your homemade drill, consisting of an electric motor, two gears and the tail of the nozzle shaft, will work correctly and without failures if all elements of such a mechanism are securely fixed in the appropriate position. This problem can be solved with a simple device made from an aluminum plate 2 mm thick. Such a plate can be given absolutely any configuration (the main thing is that it does not create inconvenience when working with a homemade drill).

We calculate and manufacture the mounting plate

Two holes must be drilled in the mounting plate, one of which is designed to accommodate the electric motor, and the second one is to fix the working attachment. It is very important to correctly calculate the distance between the centers of such holes, which should be equal to the distance between the axes of the two gears used, which are in mesh with each other. If such a distance is calculated and correctly maintained during drilling, then the gears during the use of a home-made drill will rotate without jamming and slipping through the teeth. If the hole in the mounting plate, in which the working attachment of the drill will be fixed, is made in the form of an ellipse, it is possible to neutralize the errors made when performing the above calculations.

We fix the parts and check the operation of our gearbox

To make the mutual rotation of the drive gears easier, there should be a small gap (0.1–0.2 mm) between their teeth in a meshed state. To avoid horizontal runout of such gears during rotation, the strict perpendicularity of the axes of their mounting holes to their lateral surface helps.

Installing the nozzle holder and power switch

The assembly of a homemade drill and its combination with the attachment for the engraver is performed in the following sequence:

The tail part of the working nozzle is fixed on the fixing plate using a pre-prepared nut.
The drive motor is secured with two screws that connect the motor housing to the mounting plate.
After fixing the electric motor and the working attachment on the mounting plate, plastic gears are put on their shafts.
To start using the assembled drill, it is necessary to install the tool holder on the working attachment, and connect the drive motor to the power supply.
To make your homemade engraver more convenient to use, you can additionally equip it with a small switch and a power connector.

The drill is ready to work

If, when operating such a homemade drill, you are not satisfied with the fact that it can only be used in a set with tools whose shank diameter does not exceed 2.35 mm, then this problem can also be solved. To do this, you need to purchase a collet chuck installed on a mini-drill, the bore in which has a diameter of 2.3 mm.It is necessary to insert the shank of any high-quality bur with a broken off working head into it: it is this shank that will be fixed in the clamping device of your homemade drill.

Collet or jaw mini chucks can be used

With your own hands, you can make not only a drill of the above-described design, but also a more convenient device with a flexible shaft. Having bought such a convenient device as a flexible shaft, you can turn various technical devices for household use into a drill. This can be a drill from a blender, from a regular electric drill, or from a screwdriver. Many modern flexible shaft models include a working attachment and, in many cases, a special stand. This stand, on which the tool is placed when not in use, allows it to be kept in working order for a long time.

Thus, to the question of how to make a mini-drill with your own hands, there are many answers, most of which are offered by specialized Internet resources.

The pneumatic drill is familiar to us to a greater extent from the dentist's office, to which we do not really like to go anyway, and we are least of all interested in the technical features of the instrument used. But this unit is used in many other areas, and often real works of art are obtained, which is what we will talk about in the article.The purpose of the drill can be different, the use of this tool is limited not only by dentistry, without it it is practically impossible for a carver to work on wood or bone. For these craftsmen, the best partner is an electric wood drill, they make masterpieces with their own hands, but without such an apparatus, the work would take many times longer. For all kinds of polishing and grinding, this device is also used in the instrument making industry. It is impossible not to mention jewelers, a homemade engraving drill is a frequent guest on their desk, a portable assistant significantly expands the range of their services.

In general terms, the drill can be described as a rotary instrument, its shaft, referred to in the technique as a spindle, rotates at a tremendous frequency, while the torque is quite small. This makes it possible to carry out work on an indecently small scale with high efficiency (grinding extremely small parts, making micro holes, etc.). The set often includes a variety of drills, attachments, knives. The device of professional models is complicated due to the presence of many functions, but the simplest analogue of the drill can be made on your own, if you know a little about electronics.

For those who plan to design such a unit on their own, you should know the general diagram of its device. The main parts include power supply, motor and handpiece... The unit not only powers the entire system, but also controls its operation. There can be two types of block: collector and brushless. Its type depends on the tip, which can be brushed or brushless. The first transfers power to the rotor through a rubbing brush-collector assembly, the second does not have such an element.The collector motor is easier to manufacture and operate, therefore it is cheaper, but it has a limit on the number of revolutions, the maximum bar, although not small, still exists.

A brushless motor is much more complex in electrical circuit, more expensive in price, but it has a number of advantages, ranging from a higher rotational speed, to a more perfect mechanism for adjusting this frequency and the ability to maintain good torque at any level so that the nozzle does not brake when it comes into contact with the surface even if the frequency is extremely low. The complex circuit made it possible to establish some more useful functions, so that the handpiece's work was more versatile, and the unit itself was as protected as possible.

The main criteria to look out for are power, tip speed and torque. It should be said right away that many tend to take the maximum number of revolutions, but you don't always need them, especially if you need a tool for a hobby, for example, wood carving. You will have to pay a lot, but the acquired large capacities will work almost idle, gradually becoming unusable. In addition, the secret of a successful purchase lies in the optimal combination of all three of these parameters. Therefore, soberly assess your needs for the device, perhaps a micromotor (mini-drills) is quite suitable for your purposes.Small drills will do fine and delicate work well, but are not suitable for the initial stages of roughing large parts, but this is usually found already on an industrial scale. Such a unit is inexpensive, has a brush power supply, can work with small drills (burs) and cutters, when heavy nozzles are installed on them, it immediately cuts its technical characteristics and reduces the overall service life. If you start work with a workpiece not by hand, and its size is quite large, then you cannot work with such a micro-tool, you need to purchase a technical model with more powerful indicators.In a technical drill, the motor is much more powerful and the handpiece can hold heavy drills or cutters. You can often find low speed indicators in such devices, but do not rush to sound the alarm, for those rough work for which they are designed, this is more than enough. For more delicate operations, most of these tools are not suitable due to the presence of a flexible shaft, which loads the hand, which in delicate situations can cause rejects. If your cycle of work includes both a rough stage and a delicate one, do not try to find a universal machine, it is better to buy two - micro and technical.

After preparing all the structural elements, you can start assembling the device.

A homemade device is made according to the following instructions:

The first step is to make a simple base frame. Such a basis will allow you to securely fix all the elements of the apparatus. In the process of manufacturing this element, textolite or thick plywood sheet can be used.A piece of the desired size is cut from the material.
According to the arrangement of the elements, an electric motor is attached to the base, a bracket equipped with a clamp. The latter will serve as the basis for fixing the rear tip of the flexible shaft.
Pulleys removed from unnecessary household appliances are fixed to the electric motor shaft, the movable core of the flexible shaft. To perform the fixation, holes are made in the flange area of the pulleys, as well as on the shafts, which are necessary for placing the pins. You can make connections more reliable with epoxy.
Then the future drill is supplied with a rubber belt. This element is installed on the pulleys of a flexible shaft, an electric motor.
The motor is connected to the electrical supply.
The working attachment is fixed to the front end of the flexible shaft.

After preparing all the structural elements, you can start assembling the device.

In order to work with the tool safely, a plywood casing is required for the electric motor and belt feed. Before starting work, it is necessary to test the operability of the manufactured device.

A self-made engraver resembles a drill or a grinding machine. However, its main purpose is considered to be the processing of small parts. A homemade hand-made engraver allows you to do the following:

For processing, you can choose soft woods, hard steel, ceramics, glass with an increased level of fragility, plastic, bone. In the process of processing, it is required to use various nozzles, which are selected for each specific material.

A machine made according to the instructions described above will work according to the following principle:

With the help of pulleys and a rubber belt, the electric rotation is transmitted to the area of the flexible shaft.
It is sent by a flexible shaft to the working attachment.
The working attachment processes the fixed element.

This tool can be made according to a different scheme. In it, it is necessary to connect the flexible shaft to the electric motor using an adapter coupling. Fixation takes place according to the following scheme: one tip of the coupling is pushed onto the electric motor shaft and secured with a pin, the movable tip of the flexible shaft is fixed in a square hole located at the other end of the coupling.

The work accessories used to work with the engraver are characterized by their wide variety. To make the right choice when choosing attachments, several factors must be taken into account:

features of the processed material;
technological tasks.

Engravers who work with the device constantly recommend purchasing a set of attachments right away, which includes items of various sizes, types and purposes. At the first stage, a beginner engraver will need a small set of tools, which includes a couple of dozen elements of various types.

Most often, engraving machines are equipped with diamond burs. The main feature of this tool is that the main part of the body is made of tool steel, and its working surface is coated with a layer of diamond powder. Another name for this tool is a roller cutter. Diamond burs are essential for working hard surfaces.

Most often, engraving machines are equipped with diamond burs.

They are most often used when working with the following materials:

Most often, cones are used for finishing shaped holes. Basically, these items are sold in sets of 10-20 tools.

A more budgetary option are cutters with a working surface made of rubber and abrasive material. They are used for metal work. You need to use abrasive cutters for boring holes, grinding. The capabilities of these tools are optimal for beginners only.

Cutters for beginners must be small. With the help of them, the engraving will have a more neat look. Most often, for beginners, sets of cutters are offered, consisting of 4-6 elements of various shapes: cylindrical, end, worm, conical, end. Large kits should only be purchased by experienced craftsmen.

Also, in the process, you will need a drill. This tool is essential for cutting through the pattern. It is most often used to outline the picture and the basic elements of the background.

If you need to make holes, you need to purchase a set of drills. This accessory allows you to turn the drill into a drill. If the artist needs to regularly clean the treated surfaces from corrosion and other dirt, he needs to purchase wire nozzles.

A home engraving machine will allow you to make interesting engravings, as well as woodcarving. It is worth considering that the descriptions presented are suitable for assembling a machine for beginners. For professionals, you need to choose more powerful designs that allow you to adjust the speed of the torque. Also, for professional creativity, you need an extended set of tools, each element of which will fulfill its function.Rapid heating can be in the area of one of the bearings and in the area of the armature windings.In the first case, this is the replacement of the bearing (dry, wear, misalignment, etc.)
In the second - the interturn closure of the anchor, also occurs. We also carefully look at the gaps between the copper lamellas on the collector - the closure happens there too. In both cases, the rotation of the rotor will be quite uneven, with significant vibration. A distinguishing symptom is hotter air from the vents.Interturn in the stator is also possible, but it is much less common.Starting at maximum speed is a problem of a triac regulator (a triac breakdown is possible, a short circuit of conductive paths on the ceramic plate of the regulator - in the photo they are worn out and for several more reasons). Usually, due to the design, it is not amenable to successful repairs, to change the entire unit.Or remove the entire regulator assembly and apply power through an external regulator. In some cases, a conventional lighting dimmer for incandescent lamps is suitable.Do-it-yourself drill repair is done if you have basic skills in this area. Otherwise, you can simply damage the instrument or render it in a malfunctioning state. The process of such work itself is not complicated, but you need to have an idea of every detail of the construction device.Electric drill device diagram.Do-it-yourself drill repair is done as needed. Usually, improper use or technical problems make any tool unusable. It is possible that some parts turned out to be defective (manufacturers are not always conscientious), and this significantly reduces the performance of the drill.Typical types of breakdowns include:

Malfunction of the stator or armature (elements of the motor system).

Unsuitability of brushes for work (breakage or wear).

Reverse switch or governor malfunction.

Unsuitable support bearings.

Poor quality clamp that is in the drill chuck.

It is important that all parts are of high quality and reliable. In some cases, it is necessary to replace the part so that the tool can be used in the future. For example, brushes often become unusable, which impairs drill performance. Thus, wear on the brushes that are located in the motor is the most common problem.The brushes are located in the brush holders on both sides of the gearbox.However, this problem can be solved without leaving your home. In most cases, such a tool element can be replaced without disassembling its body.Depending on the model, simply unscrew the plugs from the installation windows and then screw on a new brush. Older drill models require disassembly repairs. That is, you need to carefully remove the case, take out the brush holders and remove the worn brushes from them.You can buy such a part of the tool at any hardware store. Sometimes a drill is sold with a kit that includes spare parts. There is no need to wait for the brushes to wear out completely (the size of the bristles is significantly reduced). Try not to allow this, since the gap between the brush and the collector plates increases - then you will have to change the anchor. What happens to a drill if the brush is not replaced in time? Spark formation is observed when using the tool, while the collector plates begin to heat up quite strongly and gradually move away from the base of the collector itself. Thus, the anchor also breaks down.How to determine if the brushes need to be replaced? Experienced craftsmen know that the first sign of wear is increased sparking, which you can see in the ventilation slots of the structure of the entire part. Chaotic movement and jerking during operation are considered to be another symptom of the unsuitability of a tool element.