The first group of malfunctions is associated with the peculiarities of domestic roads and leads to the loss of the vehicle's strength characteristics, and, as a consequence, the impossibility of operating in the previous modes. With a large number of them and damage to the spar, it becomes completely unsafe to drive a car.
Corrosion processes also pose a serious threat to the supporting structure, which increases over time. Despite the many ways to combat corrosion, they, nevertheless, do not allow you to stop the process of destruction, which ultimately leads to the need to replace rotted elements.
With non-removable body parts, the only way out of this situation is the use of welding thresholds by any known method.
The technologies for restoring violations in the structure of these parts are different both in the techniques used in this case and in the cost of the materials used in welding.
The choice of the method of restoring the thresholds and the bottom depends on the nature of the damage received and can be reduced to the following options:
Non-standard applications include fiberglass with epoxy adhesive, as well as a method that allows the thresholds to be pulled out by means of special mechanisms. The latter method allows you to completely restore the previous form of products of any car (including the well-known brand VAZ).
One of the varieties of pulling the thresholds involves the use of special vacuum inverters, with the help of which any deformation (dent, for example) is straightened out due to the pressure difference inside and outside the structure.
Repairing the bottom without the help of welding can consist in regular inspection of the straightening, cleaning and painting.
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The restoration of the thresholds of a non-removable type and the bottom can be started only after placing the car on a repair ramp or on a pit with a size sufficient for welding. The bottom is inspected by tapping with a hammer.
In case of severe rust damage, it is necessary to clean the surface around the cut-in place using sandpaper or a grinding tool .
Body repair by means of welding, including bottom welding, is reduced to installing a small patch of metal of the same structure and thickness on the damaged place.
If painting after welding is not expected, then the appropriate color of the patch should be selected in advance, which, together with the threshold after repair, should be carefully sanded and treated with an anti-corrosion compound.
If you have a certain skill and the necessary tool (semi-automatic or gas welding), everyone can repair the thresholds and the bottom with their own hands. In addition to tools and materials, you only need a little free time and desire.
Assessing the current state of the car is largely possible through the analysis of the body. If all kinds of consumables are to be replaced, the suspension is really even possible to sort out with your own hands and even install a new engine, then restoring a completely rusted body is expensive and pointless.
Nobody will tune, modify, invest a lot of money in a car if its body is already living out its last years. This significantly reduces the cost of the car, even if the engine is in perfect condition.
Therefore, if you want to keep the attractive appearance of your VAZ 2110, extend its service life, if necessary, sell it for good money, keep an eye on the body and periodically carry out repair or preventive body work aimed at combating corrosion.
The first versions of the VAZ 2110 were characterized by the fact that their paintwork began to peel off in the area of the windshield frame. The problem began to develop from the seal and gradually spread to the entire body element.
Soon the manufacturer changed the painting and installation technology, but still the problem of the body unstable to corrosion could not be completely overcome.
We will consider the main reasons for the likely appearance of rust on the sills, bottom, arches, side members. We will also give some tips on how to deal with them.
Prevention measures
After 5-7 years, traces of corrosion may appear on the body and bottom. There are no remedies against age, so listen to the following protection measures
It is easy to advise avoiding accidents. In this case, this is the only recommendation.
Do not try to save money on body repair, as an unqualified specialist will not really do anything, but will only take your time and money. Choose experienced, proven craftsmen and service stations
The worst is snow and rain. Try to knock down and wash away the snow adhering under the bottom. Especially if you frequently drive on roads sprinkled with salt or ice and snow melting agents
Think about the issues of moisture protection of the room, in winter periodically turn on the heater, heat fan in the garage in order to at least partially combat the high level of rust
Small stones destroy the anti-gravel coating within a year, after which corrosion begins to appear. Avoid these roads, carry out periodic preventive maintenance
It gets into the car through wet shoes and snow.From this, the bottom begins to rot from the inside. Be sure to lay rubber mats with sides in winter, carefully make sure that water does not get inside the cabin during rain or washing
To prolong the life of your own car's underbody, periodically do anti-corrosion treatments. Pay particular attention to the hidden cavities of the side members and sills.
Determining the presence of rust on the bottom is not difficult. Although if you bought a car hand-held, these problems can be carefully disguised.
Be sure to inspect the body from below. Traces of corrosion can be hidden behind a layer of anti-gravel coating or putty. Use a hammer or awl to strike lightly in these areas. If rust is present, you will see it.
Check the condition of the body along the sills, in the cabin at the feet of the driver and front passenger. It is these places that are quite weak in the case of the VAZ 2110.
If the bottom is rotten, you can see this by the flexing of the floor under your feet under load.
When the driver's seat breaks off or cannot be moved, a rotten body can also be the cause.
One of the most unpleasant situations is rotten thrust pads designed for lifting a car on a jack. But in this way you will immediately determine that there are problems and they need to be solved.
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In order to repair the bottom with your own hands, for this you first need to prepare in a certain way. You will need a set of tools, a room, a lot of time, experience and a desire to do such things.
It is especially important to prepare the following components from tools:
Welding machine. In the case of repairing the bottom of the car, it is better to use a semiautomatic device with wire and carbon dioxide. It is better, more efficient and more reliable than gas and electrodes;
Angle grinder. It will come in handy if necessary to remove rust from the floor, to fit elements and patches, to clean seams and surfaces;
Car stands. Various items can be used here. So look for what you have;
The rest of the kit is standard, and includes such components as anti-corrosion solution, joint compound, welding wire, sandpaper, primer, soundproofing sheets, paint, etc.
Now you need to drive the car into a garage or other equipment in the room, put it on stands.
The machine should be positioned in such a way that it is convenient and safe to work underneath it.
Disconnect the battery, then remove the doors. In this case, experts advise to provide for the presence of spacers for doorways in order to maintain the rigidity of the body and the required geometry.
Since the underbody needs to be repaired not only under the car, but also from the inside, you will have to completely disassemble the interior. This is a difficult and time-consuming task. Be prepared for this psychologically. You will have to dismantle:
Armchairs;
Floor tunnel lining;
Carpets;
Air ducts;
Soundproofing layer.
Collect all the wiring carefully, combine it into bundles, if they are not assembled, so that later there will be no problems with the assembly. Collect all fasteners, distribute them in boxes or bags, sign. This is extremely important as you can run into serious problems later on.
If you plan to completely replace the bottom or weld the panel to the floor, then the dashboard and beard will have to be removed in order to create open access to the engine shield.
So, you have disassembled your VAZ 2110, so now you can really assess the condition of the bottom, as well as analyze the required amount of work. The most optimal situation is one that does not require replacement of elements. Rust spots are cleaned to obtain high-quality metal, after which they are reinforced with patches. But not everyone is able to face such a situation.
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If the holes in the bottom turn out to be through, this will lead to a loss of body rigidity, therefore it is strongly recommended to replace the element completely. In the case of the VAZ 2110, the following body elements are distinguished:
Floor panels;
Support platforms;
Threshold extension;
Spar extension;
Crossbar;
Connectors.
Now let's discuss a few basic nuances of welding.
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To replace a part that has slipped due to corrosion, it must be drilled out at the welded points or simply cut off with a grinder.
Do not forget that the brake and fuel lines pass under the bottom. It is extremely difficult to dismantle them, therefore the easiest way is to cut, and when reassembling, install new pipeline elements.
If the floor panels are in critical condition, the complete bottom assembly should be replaced. But in this case, be sure to dismantle the exhaust system.
If necessary, change the thresholds, they are dismantled and new ones are installed one by one. It is important to control the geometry.
If the replacement of the floor and the thresholds is carried out simultaneously, the thresholds are changed first, and only then the floor panels.
Carefully mark the elements to be welded. Old components must strictly match those cut out by new ones.
You cannot do without an assistant, so make an appointment in advance with someone who can help you.
Always start the bottom from the bottom, then grab it.
Do not do the main weld with a solid seam. Observe a step of about 4-5 centimeters.
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When the welding work is finished, be sure to carry out the anti-corrosion treatment.
Now the state of the new, or rather the updated, body should be brought to perfection, provide the necessary high level of protection against corrosion, destructive rust, gravel and other troubles. To do this, perform several sequential operations:
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Strip the metal by removing the scale, achieving a gloss;
Lubricate surfaces with a joint compound;
Treat metal elements with a primer;
Apply a coat of paint to match the body color;
Outside, treat the bottom with mastic and anti-gravel composition;
Measure carefully, and then cut out the sheet soundproofing with scissors. It is heated with an industrial hair dryer and placed on the bottom. This is when it comes to bituminous noise.
Now the work on repairing the underbody of your car is approaching its logical conclusion. However, a difficult, crucial stage of reassembly awaits you ahead. Therefore, we strongly do not recommend relaxing.
If you correctly disassemble the passenger compartment and dismantle the bottom elements, there should be no problems with their assembly. We advise you to prescribe each stage, record on video, sign each bag with fasteners.
As you can see, it is quite possible to repair the bottom yourself. Just do not work at random, without prior preparation and appropriate tools. This is a good way to save money, but in the absence of experience and skills, it is better to contact specialized service stations with similar problems.
It is the bottom in the car that wears out faster than other body elements, due to the fact that it is constantly exposed to aggressive influences from the environment. Various mechanical damages do not pass unnoticed. Using various methods of preventing the development of corrosion, you can try to protect the car body from it, but other types of damage will still manifest themselves someday.
The main reason that influences the development of the poor condition of the body is poor-quality road surface. A car that is more than a dozen years old will sooner or later require do-it-yourself underbody repair. We will learn about all kinds of methods that can be carried out without welding.
BOTTOM REPAIR BY WELDLESS METHODS
It should be noted right away that all the operations that are carried out with the car body without using welding methods are called unprofessional by experts, in other words, "garage". This is due primarily to the fact that they do not represent the result of any innovative idea introduced into action, most often the properties of the materials or other substances used in the work serve as the basis for independent work.
Such repair of the underside of the car does not have any specific technology that would be checked by the corresponding qualified people or special organizations, it is not burdened by norms and standards. The idea of self-repairing the body, most likely, came to experienced car owners who had ingenuity and were adapted to specific domestic conditions. It is worth noting that in no European country a self-respecting citizen will engage in such actions, moreover, such an idea will not even occur to him. Abroad, damaged body parts are not repaired, a damaged or old car is simply replaced with a new one. The methods of car repair described below allow for the most part to eliminate or hide the through damage to the upper parts of the body or the bottom of the car.
Starting the repair of the underbody of a car, you should take into account some requirements and basic rules by which almost all bodywork is carried out:
you must have a grinder with you, with its help it will be possible to cut out a rusted area or expand a damaged area;
the section of the body or bottom, which will be repaired by hand, is pre-cleaned of all unnecessary things, in particular, of old paint, lumps of dirt or rust;
the prepared place must be degreased and treated with anticorrosive;
the hole with the "patch" must be given a primary look, that is, at the end of the repair work, a surface with the original configuration should be formed. Painting putty for cars can be a great helper in this matter;
as a result, the repaired body must be prepared for painting.
THE MOST COMMON METHODS OF BOTTOM REPAIR
To repair the bottom without welding, you will need several galvanized sheets, as well as bolts of a certain size. The damaged body element must be cut out with a grinder. Then you should cut out two measured galvanized sheets, which will cover the leaky area from the outside and inside. The bottom should be treated from all sides with a special bitumen mastic, the substance applied for insulation should dry well. Do not forget about the processing of prepared sheets with mastic before starting their installation.
The first thing to do is to adjust the lower element, it is best to fix it with self-tapping screws, the galvanized sections that protrude must be cut off. The remaining inner metal sheet must then be applied. The resulting structure is fixed with M5 × 15 bolts. For a uniform coverage, it is better to fix it sequentially, strictly along the perimeter.
If the threshold has acquired many dents during operation and needs to be replaced, it is worth trying to save money and repair it yourself. To do this, it is necessary to drill as many holes in the threshold as is needed to adapt a special tool with which the bent sections are straightened. At the end of the work, all holes must be repaired, and the car must be prepared for painting.
Naturally, with free time and at least minimal knowledge, almost any motorist can repair minor damage to the body that occurs during the operation of the car. However, it is worth remembering that it is better to entrust the overhaul of the body to specialists who will help the car return its attractive appearance.
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