Do-it-yourself repair of a sliding hydraulic jack can be conditionally divided into several main stages:
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In most cases, the hydraulic jack can be repaired as follows:
After disassembling the structure, the internal cavity is cleaned from various debris. In addition, the oil used will have to be completely replaced.
The seals can be removed in various ways. As a rule, there is a fixing element, due to which the immobility of the elastic bands is ensured during the operation of the device. It is worth considering the sequence of the arrangement of rubber bands and seals of various types. Incorrect installation may result in the device not holding pressure.
As previously noted, stem curvature and damage to the mirror surface cannot be corrected on your own. Too much wear and tear leads to the fact that it is necessary to replace the entire element or the lifting mechanism itself.
The bottle-type hydraulic jack has an even simpler design. As a rule, it does not require any adjustments. Therefore, after assembling it, you can start testing and subsequent operation, provided there are no problems. Some manufacturers of lifting mechanisms provide instructions on how to disassemble the device and carry out repairs. Its use can significantly simplify the task.
The repaired hydraulic jack must first be checked for proper operation. This is due to the fact that frequent use with improper installation of seals or other mistakes will lead to rapid wear of the main elements. Therefore, you should provide for the presence of insurance in the event of lifting the car or other mechanisms. With the correct repair work, you can significantly extend the life of the hydraulic jack.
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A jack is a special device with which a heavy load is lifted and fixed at the required height. This mechanism is simply irreplaceable when performing any car repair, for example, when changing a wheel.
Trolley hydraulic jack.
The most convenient and effective for work are hydraulic jacks, the working force of which is achieved using hydraulic oil and a piston. Assembly and repair of such a device can be done by hand.
The rolling jack belongs to the category of hydraulic ones, only it has a slightly different design. On its body, made of metal, two pairs of wheels are installed. In the holes located on it, a lifting mechanism and a hydraulic cylinder are mounted, which, when extended in the horizontal direction, lifts the platform. The device itself gradually raises the car to the desired height, while it rolls under it.
The jack is set in motion by swinging the lever and lowered by turning the valve screw. During the process of lowering the load, a tubular handle is pushed onto the valve screw, and after that the baffle enters its groove. When the handle rotates around its axis, the screw itself rotates accordingly. In this case, the pressure in the working cylinder is released, and the load is lowered to the desired height.
In order for the jack to serve for a long time, it is necessary to monitor the presence of oil in it and the condition of the oil seal and valves.
There are sliding hydraulic jacks used for personal purposes for vehicles with a weight category up to 3000 kg. Most often, such a device, equipped with the pedals necessary for preliminary lifting, is used in car services and tire stations. It can lift loads up to 4000 kg, doing the job quickly enough.
Jacks, which lift loads up to 20 tons and are equipped with pre-lifting pedals, as well as a sliding traverse, are designed to serve heavy machines and special vehicles. This mechanism also has its drawbacks, which include volumetric size and heavy weight, which makes it difficult to move it in a car.It requires a flat, horizontal surface such as asphalt or concrete to work.
wrench;
container for draining oil;
kerosene;
butter.
During the operation of the jack, its breakage may occur. The malfunctions of this device include oil leakage, jamming when lifting to a height, or, conversely, its refusal to descend. In any case, it should be repaired.
If the cause of the breakdown is oil leakage, then first you need to disassemble the device. Then the pistons are removed from it and checked for corrosion. After that, all dirt and the resulting corrosion are carefully removed. Next, the stock is checked. In the event that it is bent and deformed, the repair of the jack can be considered impractical.
The principle of operation of a hydraulic rolling jack.
When repairing a valve that allows oil to pass through, you need to unscrew it and check if dirt has got inside and if it has been deformed. In the event that it has undergone mechanical deformation, the valve should be replaced. If it gets dirty, then the working fluid will flow due to the fact that the ball has ceased to sit tightly in the seat. Therefore, first, the old working fluid (oil) is drained into the prepared container, while pumping the system with the lever, raising and lowering it.
Then all parts are thoroughly rinsed from trapped dirt, as well as from the remnants of old oil. In this case, it is imperative to replace all the cuffs, as well as the gaskets. If the dirt gets directly into the working cavity, then to remove it, you will need to unscrew the head of the case.
After that, kerosene is poured into its base, and the jack is pumped. In this case, the shut-off needle must be unscrewed. At the end, the kerosene is removed, and a clean working fluid is poured into the working cavity.
The efficiency of the jack may decrease due to the accumulation of air bubbles in its working cavity, which get there due to a lack of oil.
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Repair in this case is carried out as follows. First you need to open the plug at the oil tank and the bypass valve. Then, at a fast pace, the pump of the hydraulic press is pumped several times in order for the air from the working cavity to move into the container in which the oil is located. The oil tank opening and the bypass valve are then closed. If the whole process is done correctly, the jack will start working normally. With the remaining air in it, all actions are repeated again.
If this device does not work or raises the load very slowly, then air can be removed from the working cavity in another way. To do this, the shut-off needle is turned one and a half or two turns. Then, with the help of a hand, the plunger rises by the screw, reaching the extreme upper point.
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After that, it drops to the bottom position. All actions are repeated two or three times. To avoid this problem in the future, you should periodically check the oil level in the jack and, if necessary, add working fluid to it.
The jack is one of the most important tools in the arsenal, it will help everywhere: repairing a machine or equipment, carrying out a variety of construction and repair work. And if suddenly your device is out of order for some reason, you need to learn how to repair a hydraulic jack with your own hands!
A wide variety of jacks will also please, each of which has its own characteristics and distinctive features.
Like any equipment that carries huge loads, devices can often break down, and therefore you always need to know how to repair the jack yourself. To be fully armed at the time of a breakdown!
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Any hydraulic jack operates on liquid, and the main elements of the jack are the body, piston and oil.If you decide to study how to carry out repairs yourself, you definitely need to know what reasons can lead to breakdowns. First of all, the structure of the device could be "attacked" by corrosion, which leads to restriction during the descent of the mechanism. Naturally, jacks often break due to too much stress, which leads to bending of the rods.
There are some other points, including the need to change the oil. However, any repair is carried out practically according to the same scheme. And the first thing you need to know is how to disassemble the device, after which you can start changing the fluid. The tool is disassembled in the following order:
Using wrenches, unscrew the fasteners;
Remove the fluid bleed valve and piston;
Carrying out a competent inspection, we check the quality of the valve and all gaskets - if you notice that they have become unusable, we just change the elements of the jack;
We clean the mechanism from debris and other foreign elements, rinse the cylinder;
We check and replace the old rubber band if necessary;
The last step is to reassemble the tool in reverse order.
Naturally, after you assemble the jack, it should be checked for operability! If the device starts working, great, but it doesn't always work out the first time. Perhaps the oil is the problem?
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Oil is the driving force of the device, it is this oil that presses on the piston, setting the rod to the desired position. Due to this, it is possible to lift almost any load. If there is not enough oil in the device, the mechanism will not work. Many who start repairs for the first time miss this moment, which ultimately leads to problems with the operation of the jack. Oil change instructions:
In order to fill the jack with oil, you must first unscrew the plug and drain the old fluid. The next step is to clean the mechanism with flushing fluid, which can be purchased at any hardware store. By the way, it is quite difficult to flush the jack completely, especially for a beginner, because you will have to fill in the liquid at least two or three times, after which the pumping is carried out, the liquid is added again and pumped again. The old oil is drained in the same way - so that not even a drop of old fluid remains inside the mechanism.
The container must be filled with oil to the end, that is, until the liquid reaches the required level. In this case, set the jack in a low position. To lower the stem to the lower position, be sure to turn the screw-cock until it reaches the “drain” position. Having tightened the plug, we carry out the pumping for five times, after which we add oil and tighten the plug again. There will not be enough oil every time during the cleaning process, and therefore it is necessary to pump it until the “fuel” of our jack reaches the required level, and bubbles stop appearing on the surface of the liquid.
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As you have seen, repairing jacks with your own hands is a fairly simple job. However, of course, I do not want to bring it to the repair work, because it takes both time and effort to implement. That is why we have compiled for you a selection of recommendations from experts. If you follow them, the operation of your jack will become much easier, and repairs can be "pushed" further away.
In order for the oil change work to be carried out efficiently and correctly, it is imperative to remove any loads, and the device itself can be started to operate only after you have completely completed all the work and assemble the jack;
It is advisable to change the "fuel" twice a year, and if you use the jack constantly, then at least once a month you need to carry out these works, and you must flush the entire mechanism every time; You can choose any oil, but if you are going to use the device in the winter season, be sure to use a synthetic solution. This will allow the mechanism to always be in "full combat readiness" for work;
No matter what time of year it is outside, it will be better if you can store the tool in a dry and warm place, otherwise the oil may simply freeze;
If it is necessary to carry out work in the winter season, remember that too long work in the cold can lead to damage to the device, and therefore the operation of the jack is possible in the most extreme cases and for a short time.
If you work with these methods, you can significantly extend the life of the jack. And expensive repairs, which can cost you a significant amount, can be "postponed" indefinitely, which is good news!
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The main elements in the design of a hydraulic jack are:
metal case;
hydraulic piston;
working fluid.
The hydraulic jack can have a regular body or an extended body made of hardened metal. The body performs the following functions: it is a reservoir for working oil and acts as a guide cylinder for the piston.
This type of unit is equipped with an air, foot or hand operated hydraulic pump. The design of the jack contains safety valves and other devices to maintain trouble-free and long-term operation.
Retractable hydraulic cylinder and lifting mechanism , which raises a special platform, are located in the holes of the case. Lowering is done by turning the T-handle. The design has built-in wheels that provide the device with mobility. The extended body of the shooting gallery is usually used to work with heavy vehicles and buses.
Working hydraulic oil pumped by the drive pump using a lever. The fluid moves into the cylinder through the valve, squeezing it out. The oil return outlet is prevented by two valves - suction and discharge. In order to lower the jack, you need to open the valve on the pump, in this case, the liquid from the cylinder goes back into the housing.
The presence of threads on the body, protected by a special casing, threaded holes in the base and threads on the stem, guarantees unlimited work of the jacks and the possibility of using it for bending, clamping and crimping. A reliable support made of hardened metal and mounted on the stem protects the hoist from damage. The grooved part of the base prevents the vehicle from slipping.
Hydraulic jacks considered the most unpretentious ... The main feature of hydraulics is an incompressible working fluid. As a result, the load is lifted smoothly, braking accuracy and fixation at the required height. Hydraulic jacks have excellent efficiency - up to 85% and a large lifting capacity - over 250 tons with low effort, thanks to the high gear ratio between the surfaces of the cylinder and the pump plunger.
But hydraulic hoists have a much higher initial lift than mechanical hoists. Another difficulty is the impossibility of precise adjustment of the lowering height. To support the jack in the working position, it is necessary to constantly monitor the tightness of the oil seals and valves, as well as monitor the oil level. Store and transport these units only in an upright state, otherwise liquid may spill out of the case.
Disadvantages of hydraulic jacks:
They are rather slow.
They are large and heavy.
High price.
Small travel for single piston jacks.
Vertical jacks can be double-stem and single-stem. The single-stem device is characterized by ease of use and simplicity of design, which expands the scope of its use and makes it possible to perform work of varying complexity:
dismantling and installation in construction and mechanical engineering;
repair of wheels of cars and cars;
use as a power unit of a pipe cutter, pipe bender, press and similar tool.
The double-rod telescopic jack has a similar structure with the vertical one, the principle of the bottle mechanism is based on the installation of several rods. The piston is located at the base of the telescopic device. It can be used vertically and horizontally. It fits most cars and has a small size. Lifting takes place using a lifting lever, which is brought into the working position by a cylinder.
"Rolls up" under the load .
This jack is set in motion, like bottle machines, by swinging the lever, it is also lowered by unscrewing the valve screw. If it is necessary to lower the weight, then it is necessary to put the tubular handle on the valve screw, then the partition enters the groove of this screw. Turning the handle around the axis, the operator rotates the screw, thus reducing the pressure in the cylinder and lowering the car to the desired height.
As a rule, a rolling jack is used at a tire changer, as it is ideal for lifting one side of a car, it is quite quick to install and work. The disadvantages of this design stem from the name - for the trolley hoist to operate, a firm and level surface, asphalt or concrete, is required. In addition, the large weight and size make it difficult to transport the device in a car.
Rolling jacks are divided by purpose:
For personal use of passenger cars with a carrying capacity of up to three tons.
For tire and automotive services, with a lifting capacity of up to four tons and with the installation of pre-lift arms to quickly reach the required lift height.
For special vehicles and the maintenance of heavy vehicles with a lifting capacity of up to twenty tons and with the installation of pre-lift levers.
To test or repair the jack with your own hands, you must purchase the required repair kit ... Before repairing, you must first disassemble the unit. To do this, you may need a key extension to get more leverage and more force. Also, be sure to prepare a container for used oil and prepare a new one.
Then you need to get the pistons and check them for corrosion. All corrosion and dirt must be removed. Make sure the stem is not bent. If the deformation still occurs, then it is unlikely that you will be able to align it again, so you can finish the repair with your own hands on this.
It is also worth checking the valve that transfers the oil. Why it is unscrewed and checked for dirt or deformation. If the valve is broken due to mechanical deformation, then it simply needs to be replaced. In this case, it can simply clog up, and the ball begins to sit loosely in its place. This is the reason for the oil leak.
Pour out the old working fluid completely. This is a fairly simple procedure, although it will take you a long time as the liquid flows through the cylinders. The oil is drained by bleeding the system by moving the lever up and down. Thoroughly wash all elements from oil and dust residues. Fully replace all seals and cuffs .
Another reason for jack breakage is dirt that gets into the working mechanism. To remove it, you need to unscrew the head of the case, pour kerosene into the base and pump the jack with the locking needle unscrewed. At the end of the operation, kerosene must be removed and new oil must be poured into the working part.
During prolonged operation, air bubbles accumulate in the working part of the jack, significantly reducing its operation. The repair of this breakdown occurs in this way.
First unscrew the bypass valve and the oil tank cap, and then at a fast pace pump the pump several times ... Thus, the air will escape from the working part into the oil tank. After that, you can close the hole that leads to the oil tank and the bypass valve. If everything is done correctly, the air will escape, and the device will work normally again. If the attempt is unsuccessful, repeat these steps.
So, you got acquainted with the device of a hydraulic jack, studied its advantages and disadvantages, figured out the classification and know how to repair a hydraulic jack with your own hands. The main thing is to remember during its operation about periodic filling of working fluid and maintenance.
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