In detail: do-it-yourself fan coil repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
Rubric: Miscellaneous - everything about everything Date: 2012-11-17 10:55:30 The fan coil unit is designed to provide air recirculation, cool or heat air masses in rooms of any area and for any purpose. The fan coil unit includes a heat exchanger, ventilation unit, control unit and filter. Let's take a look at the general principle of operation of this equipment.
Thanks to the fan, which is located along the entire length of the block, the air entering it is evenly distributed. Its work is accompanied by a minimum noise level. The fans have two types of motors: centrifugal (for industrial premises of medium and large areas) and tangential, which are used for small premises. Thanks to the fan, forced air is supplied through the heat exchanger. Coils, which are copper tubes, are used to supply the heating medium to the heat exchanger. An aqueous solution of ethylene glycol or ordinary water can be used as a heat carrier.
Thanks to the couplings, the heat exchanger is connected to the central heating system, which allows it to be supplied with water. When the heat exchanger is filled with water, air is vented from the air valves. A separate branch pipe is used to drain the condensate. In some cases, in order to increase the efficiency of the fan coil in operating mode, an electric heater is used, which is located at the outlet of the unit.
The central air conditioner is used to supply fresh air to the chiller-fan coil system. Here, a chiller is a refrigeration machine designed to cool an anti-freeze liquid or water. The suction station pumps liquid from the chiller to the fan coil unit.
To provide ventilation in the room, a central air conditioner is installed near the chiller with a fan: it can be in the attic or on the roof. From the chiller, the cooling mass is directed to each fan coil unit used in the room and also to the heat exchanger. The central air conditioner is designed to supply cooled air that meets sanitary standards. Fan coil units are responsible for the temperature conditions in the room. They are supplied with air from the central air conditioner and the premises, which leads to a decrease in air consumption, and as a result, to a decrease in the cost of central air conditioning.
Video (click to play).
Fan coil units especially effective for use in multi-storey buildings with a significant number of rooms. Several fan coil units can be connected to one chiller, which will reduce the cost of installing an air conditioning system.
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Design - Eugene Ron Application - Saratovout
The chiller-fan coil system is a multi-zone climatic structure designed to create comfortable conditions inside a large building. It works constantly - in summer it supplies cold, and in winter with heat, warming up the air to a given temperature.
Its main elements are a cooler and a heat exchanger. Further on how this thermoregulation system is arranged and functions.
The role of the cooling device is assigned to the chiller - an external unit that produces and supplies cold through pipelines with water or ethylene glycol circulating through them. This is what distinguishes this system from other split systems, where freon is pumped as a coolant, for the transmission of which expensive copper pipes are needed. Here, water pipes with thermal insulation do an excellent job with this task.
Its operation is not affected by the outside air temperature, while split systems with freon lose their performance already at -10⁰. The indoor heat exchanger is a fan coil unit. It receives a liquid with a low temperature, then transfers the cold to the air in the room, and the heated liquid returns back to the chiller.
Fan coil units are installed in all rooms. Each of them works according to an individual program.
Typically, such systems are used in hypermarkets, shopping malls, underground structures, hotels. They are sometimes used for heating purposes. Then, along the second circuit, heated water is supplied to the fan coil units or the system is switched to the heating boiler.
According to the design of the chiller-fan coil system, there are 2-pipe and 4-pipe. By the type of installation, they are distinguished by wall-mounted, floor-standing, built-in devices. The system is evaluated according to the following main parameters:
the power or cooling capacity of the chiller;
fan coil performance;
the efficiency of moving the air mass;
the length of the highways.
The last parameter depends on the strength of the pumping unit and the quality of the pipe insulation.
The harmonious functioning of the system occurs by combining the chiller with one or more fan coil units by means of pipelines with thermal insulation. In the absence of the latter, the value of the efficiency of the system drops significantly.
Each fincoil has an individual piping unit, by means of which its performance is regulated both in the case of heat and cold generation. The refrigerant flow rate in a separate unit is regulated by means of special valves - shut-off and control valves.
If the mixing of the heat carrier with the refrigerant must not be allowed. the water is heated in a separate heat exchanger and the circuit is supplemented with a circulation pump. To ensure smooth regulation of the flow of the working fluid through the heat exchanger, a 3-way valve is used when installing the piping. If a two-pipe system is installed in a building, then both cooling and heating occurs due to the cooler - chiller.
To increase the efficiency of heating with fan coil units during the cold season, a boiler is included in the system in addition to the chiller. In contrast to a two-pipe system with one heat exchanger, two of these units are included in the four-pipe system. In this case, the fan coil unit can work both for heating ‚and for cold, using in the first case the liquid circulating in the heating system.
One of the heat exchangers is connected to the refrigerant pipeline, and the second to the heat carrier pipe. Each heat exchanger has an individual valve controlled by a special panel. If such a scheme is applied, the refrigerant never mixes with the heat carrier.
Since the temperature of the coolant in the system during the heating season ranges from 70 to 95⁰ and for most fan coil units it exceeds the permissible value, it is preliminarily reduced. Therefore, the hot water flowing from the central heating system to the fan coil units passes through a special heating point.
The conditional division of chillers into classes occurs depending on the type of refrigeration cycle. On this basis, all chillers can be conditionally classified into two classes - absorption and steam compressor.
An absorption chiller or ABHM for operation uses a binary solution with water and lithium bromide present in it - an absorber.The principle of operation is the absorption of heat by the refrigerant in the phase of converting vapor into a liquid state. Such units use the heat generated during the operation of industrial equipment. In this case, an absorbent absorber with a boiling point significantly higher than the corresponding parameter of the refrigerant ‚dissolves the latter well.
The operation diagram of a chiller of this class is as follows:
Heat from an external source is supplied to a generator, where it heats up a mixture of lithium bromide and water. When the working mixture boils, the refrigerant (water) completely evaporates.
The vapor is transferred to the condenser and becomes a liquid.
Liquid refrigerant enters the throttle. Here it cools down and the pressure drops.
The liquid enters the evaporator, where the water evaporates and its vapors are absorbed by the lithium bromide solution - the absorber. The air in the room is cooled.
The diluted absorbent is reheated in the generator and the cycle is restarted.
Such an air conditioning system has not yet become widespread, but it is completely in tune with modern trends in energy saving, therefore, it has good prospects.
Most refrigeration units operate on the basis of compression refrigeration. Cooling occurs due to continuous circulation, boiling at low temperatures, pressure and condensation of the refrigerant in a closed system. The chiller of this class includes:
compressor;
evaporator;
capacitor;
pipelines;
flow regulator.
The refrigerant circulates in a closed system. This process is controlled by a compressor, in which a gaseous substance with a low temperature (-5⁰) and a pressure of 7 atm is compressed when the temperature is brought to 80⁰. Dry saturated vapor in a compressed state goes into the condenser, where it is cooled to 45⁰ at a constant pressure and converted into liquid.
The next item on the way is the throttle (pressure reducing valve). At this stage, the pressure decreases from the value of the corresponding condensation to the limit at which evaporation occurs. At the same time, the temperature drops to approximately 0⁰. The liquid partially evaporates and moist vapor forms.
Having entered the heat exchanger - the evaporator ‚the working substance‚ a mixture of vapor and liquid ‚gives cold to the coolant and takes heat from the refrigerant‚ drying out at the same time. The process takes place at constant pressure and temperature. The pumps deliver low temperature liquid to the fan coil units. Having passed this way, the refrigerant returns to the compressor in order to repeat the entire vapor compression cycle again.
In cold weather, the chiller can operate in natural cooling mode - this is called freecooling. In this case, the coolant cools the outside air. In theory, free cooling can be used at ambient temperatures below 7 ° C. In practice, the optimum temperature for this is 0⁰.
When set to heat pump mode, the chiller operates for heating. The cycle is undergoing changes, in particular, the condenser and the evaporator exchange their functions. In this case, the coolant must be subjected not to cooling, but to heating.
This mode is most often used in large offices ‚public buildings‚ in warehouses. The chiller is a refrigeration unit that gives 3 times more cold than it consumes. Its efficiency as a heater is even higher - it consumes 4 times less electricity than it generates heat.
A refrigerant is a working substance that during the refrigeration cycle can be in different states of aggregation at different pressures. The coolant does not change phase states. Its function is to transfer cold or heat over a certain distance.
The refrigerant is transported by the compressor, and the coolant is transported by the pump.The refrigerant temperature can fall below the boiling point or rise beyond it. The heat carrier, unlike the refrigerant, constantly operates at temperatures that do not rise above the boiling point at the current pressure.
A fan coil unit is an important element of a centralized climate control system. The second name is a fan coil. If the term fan-coil is literally translated from English, then it sounds like a fan-heat exchanger, which most accurately conveys the principle of its operation.
The purpose of the device is to accept low temperature media. The list of its functions also includes both recirculation and cooling of air in the room where it is installed, without the intake of air from the outside. The main elements of the fan-coil are located in its body. These include:
centrifugal or cross-flow fan;
a heat exchanger in the form of a coil, consisting of a copper tube and aluminum fins, mounted on it;
In addition to the main units and parts, the design of the fan coil unit includes a sump for collecting condensate, a pump for pumping out the latter, an electric motor, through which the air dampers are turned.
Depending on the installation method, there are ceiling ‚duct‚ fan coil units mounted in ducts through which air is supplied ‚open frame, where all elements are mounted on a frame‚ wall or console.
Ceiling devices are the most popular and have 2 versions: cassette and duct. The first ones are mounted in large rooms with false ceilings. A body is placed behind the suspended structure. The bottom panel remains visible. They can disperse air currents on two or all four sides.
The need for cooling does not always exist, therefore, as can be seen in the diagram, transmitting the principle of operation of the chiller-fincoil system, a tank is built into the hydraulic module, which acts as a battery for the refrigerant. The thermal expansion of the water is compensated for by an expansion vessel connected to the supply line.
Fan coil units are controlled in both manual and automatic modes. If the fan coil operates for heating, then the cold water supply is cut off in manual mode. When operating it for cooling, hot water is blocked and a path is opened for the flow of the cooling working fluid.
To work in automatic mode, the temperature on the panel is set to the temperature required for a particular room. The set parameter is maintained by means of thermostats, which adjust the circulation of heat carriers - cold and hot.
Since any large building has zones with different temperature requirements, each of them must be served by a separate fan coil or a group of them with identical settings. The number of units is determined at the design stage of the system by calculation. The cost of individual units of the chiller-fan coil system is quite high, therefore, both the calculation and the design of the system must be carried out as accurately as possible.
Everything about the device ‚work and the principle of operation of the thermoregulation system in this material: