Car gas equipment repairs should be carried out by professional craftsmen. This is due to the fact that such installations of a new generation, although they are distinguished by increased reliability, require a particularly careful approach to the selection, installation and maintenance. Moreover, many models and modifications are presented on the market today, both from well-known world manufacturers and Chinese fakes.
When choosing HBO, many are wondering which one is better to give preference - where is the gas pipeline made of copper or thermoplastic? Here you should immediately pay attention to the legal component. For example, in many countries it is allowed to use gas pipes that are made of copper. According to international standards, in particular, DSTU UN / ECE R 110-00: 2002 and R 67-01: 2002, it is allowed to install thermoplastic. In accordance with the Geneva agreements on the adoption of uniform technical standards and requirements for accessories and related equipment for wheeled vehicles, these standards are spelled out in UNECE No. 67-01.
Craftsmen, for whom the repair and installation of gas equipment on a car is the main activity, know about all the nuances and are always ready to help make the right choice.
Much depends not only on personal preferences and prices, but also on some external factors. This is clearly seen if you look at their characteristics.
In LPG systems designed for methane, only copper pipes are installed. It is explained by the fact that they can withstand a sufficiently high pressure up to 300 atm.
For LPG for propane-butane, experts recommend giving preference to thermoplastic gas lines, which is due to the following factors:
The latter conditions are ensured by the fact that oxides are not formed on the surface and do not clog the filter and the tube itself. This leads to the fact that LPG car repairs have to be done much less frequently. For example, there is no need to change the gas line every 2-3 years (like a copper one).
The gas reducer is the main device of the LPG car. Its main functions:
Reducers for LPG have their own design features, which are well known to the craftsmen who repair gas vehicles. Therefore, only professionals should be trusted to work.
It is advisable to give preference to specialized service stations that work with a specific manufacturer of gas equipment.
This is due to the fact that new modifications appear on the market all the time, and old ones are improved. The masters of such centers undergo constant training, and also have the necessary tools for the installation and maintenance of gas equipment of a particular manufacturer.
Repair of gas-cylinder vehicles at a specialized service station has a number of advantages:
Currently, a gas installation for a car and its repair is a rather demanded service, which is due to the efficiency and benefits of use. Therefore, more and more car owners are trying to switch from traditional gasoline to gas, making the operation of their vehicle more profitable.
Naturally, with an increase in demand for HBO and services for their maintenance, more and more service centers for their maintenance and repair are opening. But here it should be noted right away that if the gas equipment of the first generations could be carried out by home craftsmen in the artisanal conditions of an ordinary garage, then modern installations require a more careful approach and professionalism of the craftsmen.
Is it possible to repair a car bumper with your own hands? Read here. What tools should a car enthusiast have for repairs? Useful information in this article.
Among the most famous manufacturers of gas equipment, the most famous are: Tartarini, Tomasetto, Stefanelli, Longas and some others. Turning to a specialized service station for servicing LPG, you will always receive a high quality of service, reliability and a guarantee of trouble-free use of a gas vehicle and a long service life.
Gas equipment (LPG) has been installed on cars for a long time. This is largely due to the desire for savings, since at almost the same consumption compared to conventional fuel, the cost of gas is much lower. Working on gas, cars emit various harmful substances into the atmosphere much less.
Methane or a propane-butane mixture is used as fuel for automobile engines. Currently, HBO is used on a car in several options:
Second-generation equipment has the required minimum of devices and manual switching of types of fuel. The latest generation of gas equipment automatically switches to another fuel when the operating mode of the car engine changes, depending on the software setting of the control unit.
Consider the most common HBO breakdowns on a car and do-it-yourself repairs.
The most common causes of gas equipment breakdowns in automobiles are damage to joints in gas pipelines, seals and gaskets in gas valves and switchgears.
By the nature of the car's behavior when running on gas, one can judge the location of the damage to the equipment. If the filter is clogged or the gearbox malfunctions, the engine will have unstable idling and dips during sudden acceleration (pressing the gas pedal).
If the equipment connections or gaskets are damaged, you can smell gas. You need to turn off the car immediately and start troubleshooting and repairing.
The location of the gas leak can be determined using a soap solution, which is applied to the sections of the gas pipeline to be checked with a brush or sponge. The fluid will bubble at the leak.
When refueling with low-quality gas, the gas filter may become clogged. It is not necessary to change the filter to auto. It is enough to disassemble it and rinse it in any solvent.
Replacing diaphragms and gaskets in a gas equipment reducer on a car is an easy procedure to do with your own hands. Such HBO repair is performed every 2 or 2.5 years. To replace the gaskets, the dismantled gearbox must be disassembled. After cleaning the inner surface with a solvent, new gaskets and diaphragms are installed, and the gearbox is assembled by hand in the reverse order.
VIDEO After the car gearbox has been repaired, it needs to be adjusted, which may differ slightly for different models. For self-adjustment, there are two screws on the gearbox - for adjusting the idle speed and a sensitivity screw (amount of gas).
To adjust the LPG gas reducer, start the car engine on regular fuel - gasoline - and wait until it warms up to operating temperature. The dispenser on the cylinder should be fully open, the sensitivity screw is fully tightened, and the idle speed screw is unscrewed five turns.
Switch the car engine to HBO operation. Maintaining the speed with the gas pedal or the choke knob so that the engine does not stall, turn the adjustment screw from idle to achieve maximum speed. Now, tightening the screw, you need to set the engine speed as when running on gasoline.
Next, unscrew the sensitivity adjustment screw until the idle speed begins to change. From the found position, the screw must be returned back by 3/4 - 1.5 turns.
The engine should react almost instantly to pressing the gas pedal. To fine-tune the gearbox, you need to rotate the sensitivity screw a small angle in both directions, checking the response of the motor. After achieving the desired result, the equipment repair is completed.
All adjustment procedures after do-it-yourself repairs must be carried out slowly, since the engine's response to adjustment is slowed down by a few seconds.
There is not so much perfect in this world, and maybe not at all, so when something, at first glance, very thought out and perfect fails, you should not be surprised, you should accept it as inevitability.
Gas equipment is also susceptible to breakdowns and malfunctions. Today we will talk about the malfunctions of HBO 4 generations , we will try to suggest the cause of the breakdown (inoperability) by the characteristic symptoms.
To begin with, a few words about what leads to a malfunction of the fourth generation HBO.
Most often, gas equipment fails due to the fault of the motorists themselves. Not a desire to delve into the essence of the HBO device and perform the slightest maintenance thereof.
The wear of parts also occurs due to poor quality gas, pollution, as well as violation of operating rules and mistakes made when installing gas equipment on a car.
Disruptions in the operation of the internal combustion engine can be the result of problems with gas equipment and not only, therefore, in search of a breakdown, you should be objective and pay attention to all the components, not just LPG 4. To do this, check exactly when the engine interruptions occur on gas or gasoline.
Problem with spark plugs, ignition.
Insufficient compression in the engine.
Valve adjustment required.
The lambda probe dies or is completely defective.
Incorrectly adjusted gas injection or gas injectors, injectors forgotten.
Interruptions in engine timing.
Gas injectors not working properly or misaligned.
The gas pressure regulator cannot create the optimum pressure for correct operation. Poor heating of the gas reducer.
Defective lambda probe.
Filter problem (gas filter clogged, gas fine filter clogged).
Gas lines blocked.
The gas temperature sensor in the reducer or the gas temperature sensor is defective.
The gas pressure sensor is out of order.
The voltage in the battery is less than 9 volts.
There is no signal from the tachometer.
The reducer is not heated, or air has entered the heating system.
Reducer defective or too low pressure.
Clogged air filter.
The ignition system is not working correctly.
The gearbox does not warm up.
Gas injectors or injection system are not working properly.
The gas reducer is out of alignment.
Reduced compression in the engine.
The calibration nipples of the injectors are not matched exactly.
The lambda probe does not work or does not work correctly.
The gas injectors are not calibrated correctly.
Gas filter clogged.
The gas pressure in the reducer is insufficient.
Problem with gas lines.
If, when switching to the engine, it starts to "junk", most likely the problem is precisely in faulty HBO , in this case, switch back to gasoline and continue driving until the reasons for the interruptions in the operation of the internal combustion engine are established. Do-it-yourself HBO repair is extremely undesirable, except for those cases when you are well versed in gas equipment and have all the necessary equipment to carry out repair work. In all other cases, we recommend that you contact the specialists or the service station that installed this HBO.
Thank you for your attention, until we meet again at the GBOshnik. Till!
Does HBO replace the standard power supply system, which will have to be removed?
HBO allows you to drive only on gas, not using gasoline. But the standard power supply system is not dismantled. Both systems - petrol and gas - exist in parallel. One thing or the other can work. What kind of gas is used as a fuel?
Two types of combustible gas have become widespread in motor transport: compressed natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. Natural gas has found widespread use as a fuel in large vehicles, such as trucks and buses, because it requires larger fuel tanks and a more complex fuel system.
Passenger cars use LPG, which does not require large cylinders and complex fuel equipment. This gas is a mixture of propane and butane that is produced in refineries as a by-product of their production. Gas is supplied to filling stations in a mixture of "summer", which consists of 45-55% of propane, and "winter": contains 85-95% of propane.
How is the system for driving on gas arranged?
The main parts of the LPG system are the cylinder, the reducer-evaporator and the gas-air mixer. From the cylinder through the pipeline, the gas enters the reducer-evaporator, which lowers the pressure from 16 to 1-2 atm, converting the gas into a vaporous state. After that, the volatile gas goes through the line to the mixer, where it mixes with air: the ready-made combustible mixture is sucked into the engine cylinders.
For switching from petrol to gas and vice versa, solenoid valves controlled by a button from the passenger compartment are responsible, one of which is in the gas, and the other in the petrol lines. For filling the cylinder, there is a valve with a standard connector for the gas station "pistol" fitting.
What are the benefits of using gas?
First of all, they go to the installation of HBO in order to save on fuel - gas, on average, is 2 times cheaper than gasoline (we will analyze this issue in detail below). There are also technical advantages of gas. The propane-butane mixture has an octane rating of 105 - more than any gasoline.
The gas burns in the engine cylinders without detonation, evenly and completely, does not wash off the oil film, forming much less carbon deposits on the walls and spark plugs. Due to this, the engine operates in more favorable conditions, which makes its resource increase by 30-40%. This is especially noticeable in the "life" of the lambda probe and catalyst, which, when driving on gas, serve twice or longer and even more. And this is also, albeit indirect, but savings: at least on "flushing", as a maximum - on major repairs.
What are the disadvantages?
What vehicle can be equipped with such equipment?
There are no particular problems with the body type. For sedan owners, it is easiest - a standard cylindrical cylinder, without much damage to free space, is placed in the depth of the trunk, behind the back of the rear seats. For hatchbacks and station wagons, toroidal cylinders are used, which are placed in the "spare wheel" niche. There are also options with two small "side" cylinders, placed on different sides of the luggage compartment.
How long does it take to refill the cylinder?
How long does a cylinder last?
Where to refuel?
Prices for gas equipment start at 6,000 rubles. for simple systems for carburetor machines. A complex, electronic system with distributed gas injection, with a large number of additional units and sensors, can cost around 30,000-40,000 rubles. and higher. As a rule, a system for a three-seven-year-old injection foreign car costs 12,000-20,000 rubles. plus from 3000 to 7000 rubles. for the installation.
Is it possible to remove the gas equipment, returning "everything as it was", without damaging the car?
How dangerous is it to drive on gas?
Is it true that the car smells terrible on gas?
Can I smoke in a car with HBO?
Exactly how much can you save if you drive on gas?
Let us now take an "average" car that consumes 12 liters of gasoline per 100 km (taking into account the urban cycle). She will "eat" more gas - about 14.5 liters.Thus, for 100 km of track on the 92nd gasoline, you will have to pay 216 rubles, on the 95th - 252, and on gas - 152 rubles. 25 kopecks
From here we get savings: 63 rubles. 75 kopecks. per 100 km on 92 gasoline and 99 rubles. 75 kopecks. - at 95th. From which it follows that the system for 20,000 rubles. with the installation, it will pay for itself after 200,501 km of run for the 95th gasoline, and for the 92nd - after 313,725 km.
How long is the service life of gas equipment?
Do I need special maintenance for gas equipment?
How is the inspection of a car with gas equipment carried out?
Gas equipment repair - what can fail?
Brief description of gas equipment
Frequent malfunctions of gas equipment
Self-repair of gas equipment
Methane and propane-butane mixture are used as gaseous fuel for gas equipment. Depending on what fuel is selected, as well as what type of engine is installed, gas equipment is divided into single-fuel, gas-diesel and dual-fuel equipment with an independent supply of only one type of fuel to the engine. Each of these fuel systems has its own specific characteristics, but with all this, it also has common features. The term “generation” is used in the classification of LPG systems. To date, as such, there is no official international classification regarding gas equipment of cars. We will consider the principle of operation of one of the latest systems - the fourth generation of LPG equipment.
electromagnetic injectors ... Their work is regulated by a special gas control unit, which reads the signals that go to the petrol injectors. And, guided by them, makes a calculation, and then gives the appropriate signals to the gas injectors. The gas that flows from the gearbox to the injectors is injected into the intake valves of the engine.
Disadvantages of LPG equipment:
- too expensive equipment;
- the manufacturer's warranty expires upon installation;
- operational safety is enclosed in a rigid framework;
- difficulty in finding gas stations;
- luggage space is donated.
Advantages of LPG equipment:
- the engine is operated in a softer mode;
In the first and second generations of gas equipment, the lack of supply of the gas mixture to the power plant is a consequence of the failure of the electromagnetic gas valve installed on the carburetor. The high-speed valve sticks in the closed position. Clogged pipeline.The filter elements are clogged. The speed valve does not work. The flow valve does not open completely. The power plant of the car is muted, gas continues to flow into the system for the reason that the switch is faulty, the reducer is out of order, the gas solenoid valve of the carburetor is depressurized.
The increased consumption of the gas mixture during freezing of the reducer occurs due to the depressurization of the reducer diaphragm. The cooling system is filled with air mass. The coolant level is too low.
The smell of gas is caused by a leak in the exhaust gases in the exhaust system. The carburetor solenoid valve is depressurized. Gas leaks from the gearbox housing and other gas line connections. When the power unit is idling, the engine speed may stop developing due to a malfunction of the gearbox itself, the ignition system, or the fact that the air filter is clogged.
Also, the fuel consumption of the gas mixture may increase due to poor heating by the gearbox cooling fluid. Defective gearbox. Reduced compression level on the engine cylinders. Misalignment of the gearbox. Malfunctions in the ignition system. The air filter is clogged. Let's look at the typical causes of malfunctions that relate to the third generation of LPG equipment. The car engine is not reaching full power due to software regulation malfunctions. Lambda probe, gas stepper regulator, reducer are faulty. Gas lines and gas filter clogged. An open throttle valve led to a failure due to the fact that the mixer was not selected correctly. The regulation of the entire system is broken. The sensor that fixes the position of the throttle valve is faulty.
The engine, upon reaching the recommended temperature regime, does not switch to operation with a gas mixture due to the fact that there are no tachometer readings for the power unit revolutions. The gearbox temperature sensor is out of order. There were pops on the intake manifold when the throttle valve was opened. This occurs due to a violation of the adjustments of the thermal valve clearances of the gas distribution mechanism. Timing and ignition system are faulty. The intake tract is depressurized, as a result of which air is sucked in. Gas is supplied incorrectly by a stepper regulator or an incorrectly adjusted system depletes the fuel mixture.
Gas fuel consumption increases due to disturbed adjustments of the control lambda system. In this case, the problem lies in the malfunction of the lambda probe and the stepper regulator, which supplies the gas mixture. The compression level in the cylinders of the power plant is reduced. There is a violation of the adjustments of the gearbox and the ignition system. And also due to the clogging of the air filter.
In the fourth generation of gas equipment, the following malfunctions are characteristic. At idle speed, the power unit ceases to work stably. The reason for this is the disturbed adjustment of the thermal clearances on the valves of the gas distribution mechanism. The gas distribution mechanism has some kind of malfunction. Reduced engine compression level. The lambda probe is defective. The gas injection system is incorrectly adjusted. Malfunctions in the ignition system. Gas injectors are not provided with normal operating conditions. The engine is unable to reach full power due to a clogged fine filter, gas filter and line.Faults in the lambda probe and gas injectors. The gas injection system is not adjusted correctly. Reduced gas pressure level of the reducer.
When the required temperature is reached, the power unit does not switch to the gas mixture supply. A discharged battery has a charge level of less than nine volts. The gearbox does not heat up enough. The reasons for this malfunction are the gas pressure sensor, the temperature of the reducer and the gas. There is no signal indicating the number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine.
The reason for the increased consumption of gas fuel is incorrectly selected injector and calibration fittings. The pressure level of the reducer is increased. The adjustments of the gas injection system are violated. Defective probe lambda, gas injectors, gearboxes and ignition systems. Lack of heating by the gearbox coolant. An underestimated compression level in the cylinders of the power unit. The gearbox is incorrectly adjusted. The air filter is clogged.
With a sharp opening of the throttle valve, a failure occurs due to disturbed adjustments of thermal clearances on the valves of the gas distribution mechanism. Found faults in the timing mechanism of the power unit of the car. The engine compression level is too low. Malfunctions of the ignition system and gas injectors detected. The fine gas filter, gas lines and gas filter are clogged. The pressure in the gas regulator is too low. The calibration fittings and injectors are incorrectly selected.
Gas injection spontaneously returned to the gasoline fuel mixture. This is due to the fact that the temperature of the gas mixture is at a low level, which is manifested due to the fact that the reducer does not have sufficient power. The battery has been discharged and the battery level has dropped to less than nine volts. This is due to a faulty gas pressure sensor, reducer and temperature. Engine RPM signals have been cut off.
1) If the power unit does not want to start, or it turns off while driving, then the problem is that the gas pumping into the mixer is suspended. The main reasons for such a refusal are as follows:
- frost is formed on an evaporative basis and to solve this problem it is necessary to start the engine on gasoline if the temperature outside is not lower than 5 degrees Celsius. And only at the moment it warms up to at least 40 degrees, switch to gas fuel;
- air is captured in the transmission of the heating system and evaporates due to the fact that the liquid level decreases. Here it is necessary to adjust the liquid level to the required amount.
2) If at the time of using gas fuel its consumption began to increase during engine operation, then the mixer should be replaced.
3) If the engine runs on gas, and gasoline is also consumed, then there are problems in the broken gasoline solenoid valve. The solution to this problem is to replace the valve.
4) When the engine crossed the threshold of 45 thousand kilometers, the reason may be the wear of the rubber gaskets. Locate and replace any defective rubber gaskets.
5) The engine power has decreased, along with it, the maximum speed of the car has decreased. This may be due to the following factors:
- faults in the filter of the solenoid gas valve. To eliminate this error, it is necessary to close the valve cylinder. After unscrewing the nut from the gas valve nozzle, remove its cap. In doing so, be careful not to damage the gasket.Dismantle the filter itself, disassemble, and then rinse in a solvent. If it is heavily soiled, then replace it.
- just slightly unscrew the valve of the second valve of the reducer-evaporator. Increase the gas flow slightly by turning the regulator clockwise.
- if the gas metering unit works unbalanced, then turn the reducer screw half a turn.
Most car owners have been trying to switch to gas fuel in recent years. This is due to the constant rise in the price of gasoline. And besides, installation and repair of HBO are quite cheap. However, no matter what quality equipment you install, it can fail. And the operation of transport in this case will become impossible.
Gas is very attractive for car owners, because its cost is much lower than that of the usual gasoline or diesel fuel. In addition, this fuel emits less various harmful substances into the atmosphere. Methane or propane mixture is often used as fuel. Today, several types of gas equipment are installed on vehicles:
second generation. Typically used on older cars with a carburetor system;
third generation. This is a kind of transitional option that is suitable for almost all vehicles;
fourth generation. An ideal system that is suitable for a new class of cars and can work on the injection system of the engine.
The second and third generations have significant disadvantages: firstly, there is no automatic switching to another type of fuel. In addition, the power of the motor decreases significantly. Therefore, most experts advise car owners to install 4th generation gas equipment, since it has automatic switching, and a control unit is installed in the cabin, which displays the amount of fuel and the operation of the system. And also the engine power is reduced by only 2%, which is an insignificant indicator.
Before proceeding with repair work, it is necessary to identify the factor that influenced this malfunction.
Important! Many motorists, in order to save money, install low-quality equipment, while the installation work is performed by unqualified specialists. And, as a result, breakdown after a certain amount of time is guaranteed.
Every LPG vehicle needs maintenance and repair of gas equipment. But not all motorists delve into the essence of HBO work, and also neglect its regular maintenance.
In addition, the repair of gas equipment will be required if you regularly use low-quality fuel - the nozzles will clog, and most importantly, the multivalve will cease to perform its functions.
Important! When using low quality fuel, even the equipment that was installed in accordance with the requirements will fail. And also impurities will disrupt the operation of equipment, which is of a high level of quality.
Next, we will take a closer look at the 4th generation HBO malfunctions, symptoms and probable causes that can be eliminated by hand.
There is such a variant of the 4th generation HBO repair, which does not require professional knowledge. For example, setting up the block system in a new way, as well as adjusting the bolts, eliminating malfunctions in the multivalve or gearbox.
The main reasons why you have to repair gas equipment on a car can be as follows:
engine starts poorly;
depressurization;
unstable turnovers;
there is no smooth transition during gear changes;
decrease in engine power;
irregularities in switching from petrol to gas fuel;
fuel consumption increases.
The most common cause of hardware problems is a leak.Most often, such a malfunction can be eliminated independently, without visiting a car service. Depressurization leads to the fact that the fuel evaporates, hence its increased consumption. Most often, such a malfunction occurs in the multivalve, but there may be problems with the nozzles, then the pressure will rise. And then an external breakthrough is possible, when switching from petrol to gas. This should not be allowed - urgent repairs are required.
Also, the cause of the malfunction may be the formation of contaminants in various elements of the equipment. For example, the repair of LPG gas injectors can be done by hand. To do this, it is necessary to clean out the sediment that has formed due to low-quality fuel.
External depressurization is considered the most dangerous breakdown. In this case, you cannot operate the vehicle, because the gas breaks out, it can easily ignite, which is a sign of a fire. For motorists, in case of any breakdowns, it is still better to turn to professional car service employees who specialize in HBO repair and maintenance.
It should be noted that the installation of gas equipment and the repair of LPG equipment should be carried out only by specially trained people. This is due to the fact that the gas belongs to the group of fuel, which is easily and quickly ignited. For this reason, in case of any minor malfunctions, it is best to contact the service. In addition, it is already quite difficult to independently identify the reason why the mechanism is broken.
For example, it is impossible to independently eliminate a problem such as a malfunction of the gearbox. To identify the problem, it is necessary to use special diagnostic equipment. And the problem itself is eliminated by cleaning the valves and lines through which the fuel moves.
In the event that the malfunction is associated with a motor failure, then only a car service can understand the reason. To eliminate the breakdown, air is introduced into the system.
Most breakdowns and malfunctions can be eliminated by yourself, but there is a problem with diagnosis. Because in order to identify the cause, you need special software. And not all motorists have it.
In order to prevent any malfunction, it is necessary to systematically undergo maintenance.
Video (click to play).
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