DIY KAMAZ generator repair

In detail: do-it-yourself repair of a KAMAZ generator from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

Generator repair is one of the most common types of modern car repair, especially domestic production. You can no longer talk about old cars, since repairing a generator with your own hands is a common thing there.

If the generator is not working properly, and this can be seen from the operation of the car and the very frequent discharge of the battery. In this case, you can immediately contact a car service, especially if you need to repair Nissan generators or other foreign cars, but you can also find out the reason yourself and at the same time save good money. For how to diagnose a generator, read the article on how to check a car generator.

Those who have already carried out repairs of the generator with their own hands on more than one occasion have already filled their hands and gained invaluable experience; it is not difficult for them to disassemble the generator and find out the cause of the breakdown.

For still "green" motorists, repairing a generator with their own hands is a whole problem, but the main thing is that there is a desire, but you can learn.

The most important thing is to understand that the generator, like all the components of the car, must be monitored and serviced in a timely manner. Change the brushes in a timely manner, prevent the ingress of a large amount of dust and dirt, not to mention water. Make sure the alternator V-belt is correctly tensioned so that it is neither loose nor over-tightened.

It is recommended to check the technical condition of the generator every 15,000 km. mileage. Typically, with proper maintenance, a generator can last up to 160,000 km. mileage and repair of the generator with your own hands simply will not be needed, you just replace it and that's it.

Video (click to play).

But in order for the car's generator to serve for so long, it is necessary to learn how to maintain it correctly, and you cannot do without disassembling the generator.

If you want to repair the generator yourself, then you should learn how to properly disassemble the generator.

Naturally, each generator model can be understood in different ways, especially generators from foreign cars, but still the algorithm of actions is practically the same in all cases.

The first step is to clean the generator from dust, and, if necessary, even blow it out with compressed air.

Next, the generator brushes are removed simultaneously with the brush holder, for this it is necessary to tighten only one screw.

Check the condition of the brushes and brush holder immediately. If the brushes protrude less than 0.5 cm from the brush holder, they must be replaced immediately.

Also, when removing the brush holder, pay attention to the condition of the socket where it is attached. Usually, the nest contains a lot of coal dust, which is mixed with oil, remove it all with a cloth.

If necessary, if you want to completely disassemble the generator, remove its pulley. To do this, you need a special tool 67.7823.9504

but before removing, do not forget to unscrew the nut with which this pulley is attached.

In the tool 67.7823.9504 there is a special grip, which is made in the form of 2 metal half rings, and must be used to remove the generator pulley.

But it is better to give this work to a specialist, since it requires a certain skill, and the tool 67.7823.9504 for many who wants to repair the generator with their own hands is something unimaginable and incomprehensible.

Next, we disconnect the rear cover, which is located on the side of the slip rings from the cover on the side of the generator drive, and at the same time remove the stator, rectifier unit and rotor, the shaft of which is located in the bearing of the cover on the side of the generator drive.

Further, there is nothing complicated in the analysis of the car generator, we disconnect the wires from the stator, and from the rectifier unit, we extract this block.

When assembling the generator, which occurs in the reverse order, it is necessary to use a special gauge, in which there are two diameters on both sides, 12 and 22 millimeters.

It is used in order to prevent misalignment of the holes in the generator covers, which should not exceed 0.4 mm.

Also, the generator pulley nut must be tightened with a certain torque of 38.4–88 Newtons per meter.

During the repair of the generator, it may be necessary to replace the bearings of the generator rotor or replace the battery charge control lamp relay, which turns on and off the control lamp located in the instrument panel.

Typically, this relay is located under the bonnet on the right-hand side above the front wheel.

As you can see, repairing the generator with your own hands is possible, but only if it lies in the elimination of minor malfunctions, such as replacing brushes, tensioning the generator belt, in carrying out minor diagnostic work, which we wrote about in the article "How to check a car generator", the link to which indicated above.

You can also replace the car generator yourself. But carrying out complex work to replace the main and complex assemblies, such as stator, rotor, bearings, must be performed in specialized workshops.

And in this case, do-it-yourself generator repair is subject only to real masters of this business.

Video - generator repair - LLC "Starterok".

The generator is designed to supply electric current in a single-wire circuit of the car's electrical equipment to all consumers of electricity and to charge batteries at a speed of the crankshaft of the KamAZ-740 engine over 1000 min.

The manufacturer installs G-273-A generator sets or G-288 generators on KamAZ vehicles, operating with a voltage regulator of the 11.3702 type.

Since 1985, the G-288E generator, an electronic tachometer of the 251.3813 type and a starter blocking relay of the 2612.3747 type, operating from the output of the G-288 E generator phase, have been installed on KamAE-4310 vehicles since 1985.

Generator set of alternating current G-273-A, shown in fig. 93, consists of a generator, a built-in rectifier unit and an integral voltage regulator of the Ya-120M brand. Its nominal voltage is 24 V, the nominal power is 800 W. The “+” terminal is used to connect the battery and the load, and the B terminal is used to connect to the VK terminal - the instrument and starter switch.

A seasonal adjustment switch is installed on the voltage regulator. The adjustment is carried out as follows: if the air temperature is stable above 0 ° С, the screw is turned to the extreme left position (J7), if the outside temperature is set at 0 ° С and below, the screw is turned to the extreme right position (3).

The G-288 alternating current generator with electromagnetic excitation is a three-phase twelve-pole electric machine with a built-in rectifier on six silicon diodes. The rated power of the generator is 1000 W, the rated voltage is 28 V, the rectified current is not less than 47 A. The generator has the following terminals: (+) —for connecting the storage batteries and the load: (-) —for connecting to the "mass" of the car; Ш - for connection with the VK output of the instrument and starter switch and the Ш output of the voltage regulator.

Generator malfunctions and how to fix them. Upon admission for repair, the generator may have various malfunctions.

Before removing the generator from the engine or before installing it on the engine, be sure to disconnect the battery, since the positive terminal (+) of the generator is energized.

To remove the generator, loosen the clamping bolt of the generator bracket support, unscrew the nut of the stud fastening the generator to the bracket, unscrew the bolt securing the generator to the tension bar.

Rice. 93. Generating set G-273 A:
a - electrical circuit; b - section; в - voltage regulator; 1 - pulley; 2 - fan; 3 - cover from the drive side; 4 - stator; 5 - rotor; 6- rotor shaft; 7 - rectifier unit; 8 — cover from the side of slip rings; 9 - slip ring ;, 10 - bearing cover; 11 - feed resistor; 12 - voltage regulator I 12 ОМ; 13 - brush holder; 14 - seasonal adjustment switch; 15 - resistor of seasonal adjustment; D - connection terminal with a feed resistor; С - connection terminal with the all-season adjustment resistor; Ш - terminal for connecting to the rotor winding; conclusions: (+) - connection of the storage battery and load; B - for connection with the output of the VK-switch of instruments and starter; (-) - connection to the "mass" of the car; L - position at a temperature above 0 ° C; 3 - position at temperatures below 0 ° C

Rice. 94. Control and test stand 532M:

Parts and assemblies of the generator after disassembly are divided into two groups: parts without windings, and parts with windings.

Parts that do not have windings are washed with the "Labomid-203" solution.

Parts with windings are cleaned with a cloth soaked in gasoline, blown with compressed air and dried in an oven at a temperature of 90 ... 100 ° C for 45-90 minutes.

The cleaned parts and assemblies are subject to flaw detection. Parts with mechanical damage are replaced. The bent fan blades rule and straighten. The wear of the pulley grooves is checked by installing rollers with a diameter of 14 mm into the pulley and controlling the size along the protrusions of the rollers. The distance between the roller lugs must be at least 83.5 mm. The worn bore holes for the bearing in the cover on the drive side are bored and then repair rings with an inner diameter equal to the nominal are pressed into them.

The rotor of the generator may have the following defects: wear of the iron of the pole pieces as a result of contact with the iron of the stator; wear of the shaft journals for ball bearings; curvature of the armature shaft; wear of slip rings; runout of slip rings relative to the shaft journals; damage or burning of the insulation of the rotor winding wire; short circuit of the winding turns to ground or to each other; breakage of the rotor winding from slip rings.

The serviceability of the rotor excitation winding is checked with an ohmmeter or a tester. The resistance value must correspond to that indicated in the technical specification, if there are no short-circuited turns in the winding. If there is a break in the winding, then the ohmmeter needle does not deviate.

The serviceability of the windings and the reliability of the adhesion of the brushes in the slip rings are checked at the stand according to the scheme shown in Fig. 94.

When the voltage of the DC power supply is 28 V, connected to the output ends of the winding, the value of the consumed current should not exceed the values specified in the technical characteristics of the generator.

The short circuit of the excitation winding to "ground" is determined by a control lamp under a voltage of 220-550 V. If the lamp does not light up within a minute, then the insulation of the winding is in good order.

The stator of the generator with coils can have the following defects: wear of the stator iron as a result of scuffing of the pole pieces; damage or burning of the insulation of the winding wire of the stator phase coil; short circuit of the coil turns to ground or to each other; breakage of the output ends of the phase coils; damage or burning of the insulation of the lead-out ends.

The stator winding is checked separately after disassembling the generator with the winding leads disconnected from the rectifier unit. An open circuit in the stator phase winding is detected by alternately connecting two phases to an ohmmeter or tester, or by connecting it to a 12-30 V current source through a test lamp.With a good winding, the ohmmeter readings must correspond to the values specified in the technical specification.

In the event of a break in any of the windings when connected to the terminals of the other two, the arrow of the ohmmeter or tester does not deviate (the control lamp does not light up).

The turn-to-turn closure of the stator winding is checked with a PDO-1 flaw detector.

The brush holder may have the following defects: wear of the brushes in height; loss of stiffness of the brush springs; cracks and breaks of the brush holder cover; breakages and cracks on the brush holder body.

The height of the brushes in accordance with the requirements of TU for control, sorting and restoration should be (15 ± 0.5) mm. If the height of the brushes is less than 14.5 mm, the brushes must be replaced. The loss of spring stiffness is determined by the height on the device under a load of (220 ± 30) g. At a height less than 17.5 mm, the springs are replaced with new ones. Cracks and breaks on the body and cover of the brush holder are not allowed. Cases and covers that have cracks and breaks are replaced with new ones.

Assembly, running-in and testing of generators. When assembling the generator, the beginning of the phases of the stator coils must be cleaned at a length of (16 ± 3) mm, twisted, welded or soldered with POS-40 solder at a length of at least 6 mm and insulated with a PVC tube. The inter-reel connections should be braided and fixed to the frontal parts of the coils by 15 mm. The stator is impregnated with varnish ML 92 or GF 95 with the addition of 15% resin grade K-421-02.

The resistance of the excitation coil at a temperature of 20 ° C should be at least 16.5-0.50 ohms. After installing the coil between the poles, it is necessary to check it for inter-turn short circuits and short circuits to ground. The distance between the opposite poles of the left and right half of the rotor must not be less than 3.5 mm. The leads of the excitation coil should be laid in the groove and soldered to the slip rings with POS-40 solder.

The diameter of the slip rings should be 31.0-29.3 mm. The permissible runout of slip rings and poles relative to the journals for ball bearings is 0.08 mm.

Roughness of the surface of the rotor necks under the inner rings - set the voltmeter switch to the "RN" position; set the excitation switch to the "CPP" position.

3. Check the constancy of the generator voltage without load (idle), while it is necessary:
- set the handle of the load regulator to the “min” position (according to the arrow), and the flywheel for changing the rotational speed - to the extreme left position;
- press the "start" button, after pressing the "start" button, the three-phase current generator installed on the frame inside the stand is switched on;
- using the flywheel for changing the rotational speed of the drive shaft of the V-belt transmission stand, set the rotational speed of the generator armature shaft 2,000 min at a generator shaft rotation frequency of 2,000 min-1; the generator should give a voltage f / - 27.6—28.8 V;

voltage is controlled by the stand voltmeter:

4. Check the generator under load to determine the maximum current value, for this it is necessary:
- use the flywheel of the V-belt transmission to set the rotational speed of the stand drive shaft 2000—3000 min-1; in this case, the generator should provide a voltage U = 27.6-28.8 V;
- use the handle of the load rheostat to set the maximum load on the generator; in this case, the needle of the stand ammeter should show the current strength of 15-20 A at U = const.

In addition, they check the noiselessness of the mechanical part of the generator.

Acceptance of OTK generators is carried out during or after testing by external inspection, listening tfx work and monitoring performance. At the same time, they check:

the presence of all external parts in accordance with the drawings; no mechanical damage and noisy work; compliance of the generator performance with the requirements of the Assembly and Test Specification.

Suitable generators, accepted by the Quality Department, must have an acceptance stamp.

To remove the generator, disconnect the mass of the storage batteries, lift the cab of the KamAZ car and disconnect the terminals “+”, “-”, V.Loosen the clamping bolt of the split support of the generator bracket, then unscrew the nut of the stud fastening the generator to the bracket, unscrew the bolt securing the generator to the tension bar and remove the generator.

To install the generator on the bracket, insert the generator pin into the split support, and the bracket pin into the hole in the front cover of the generator, put on the spring washer and screw the nut onto the hairpin by hand. Install the drive belts on the alternator pulley, ensuring that the axes of the grooves of the alternator pulley and the engine pulley coincide within ± 1 mm. Ensure the alignment of the axes by moving the generator. Put a spring washer on the bolt securing the generator to the tensioning bar, align the holes in the bar and the generator cover and screw in the bolt, setting the required tension on the drive belts by moving the generator.

Tighten the bolt securing the generator to the bar, tighten the nut securing the generator to the bracket stud and tighten the tie bolt of the generator split support. To prevent breakage of the generator brackets, follow the procedure for tightening the fasteners.

Connect pins “-”, “+” and B.

When repairing a generator, it is recommended to troubleshoot faults by replacing damaged parts and assembly units, and for this it is not always necessary to completely disassemble the generator. Repair of individual parts is allowed.

- unscrew the bolts securing the brush holder to the cover and remove the brush holder assembly with a voltage regulator;

- remove the screws securing the ball bearing cover;

- unscrew the clamping screws securing the generator cover;

- remove the cover from the side of the slip rings together with the stator;

- disconnect the phase leads of the stator winding from the leads of the rectifier unit and separate the stator;

- unscrew the pulley fastening nut, having previously secured the rotor to one of the poles or holding it with a wrench, and remove the pulley;

- remove the fan, remove the key from the groove and remove the thrust bushing;

- remove the cover from the drive side together with the ball bearing from the rotor shaft using a special extractor (Fig. 1), using the threaded holes in the cover for this purpose;

- remove the ball bearing from the shaft;

- remove the rectifier block from the cover on the side of the slip rings.

After disassembly, clean the generator parts and assembly units from dirt, metal, except for bearings and assembly units containing windings, insulating parts and semiconductor devices, degrease, rinse with gasoline and dry, and wipe the rest with a cloth soaked in gasoline. Inspect and replace mechanically damaged parts. Cracks passing through the hole, wear of the hole more than 17.02 mm and chips of the pulley edges are not allowed on the pulley.
more than 2 mm. Check the wear of the belt pulley groove.

The pulley is allowed to be installed if, when installed in the groove of control rollers with a diameter of 14 mm, the diameter, measured by the rollers, is not less than 83.5 mm.

Remove bent fan blades by straightening and straightening.

If the holes in the cover fixing bracket on the side of the slip rings and the cover on the drive side are worn or oval, more than 10.3 mm, drill the hole.

A worn bore for the bearing in the cover from the side of the slip rings to a diameter of more than 35.02 mm, and in the cover on the drive side - more than 47.05 mm, process it to size 38.0. 38.05 mm vs 50.00. 50.05 mm, respectively, and then press in the repair ring while maintaining the same bore size for the bearing.

When assembling the alternator, insert a tight fitting rod into the holes of the alternator mounting on the engine before reassembling to ensure the alignment of the alternator mounting holes on the engine. After tightening the tie bolts, remove the rod.

After assembly, check by hand the ease of rotation of the shaft and the technical condition of the generator.

Checking the rotor field winding.Check the integrity of the winding with a tester (ohmmeter), while making sure that the tips of the measuring wires of the device are in contact with the slip rings of the rotor. The resistance value must correspond to the value specified in the technical characteristics of the generator, if the winding does not have short-circuited turns. If there is a break in the winding, then the ohmmeter needle does not deviate. The serviceability of the winding and the reliability of the adhesion of the brushes to the slip rings can be checked at the stand without disassembling the generator. With a 28 V DC power supply connected to the winding plugs, the current consumption must not exceed the value specified in the generator data sheet. If there is a break in the winding, then the needle of the ammeter will not deviate.

Rice. 3. Connection diagram when checking the technical condition of the generator

Determine the short circuit of the excitation winding to ground with a test lamp or a voltmeter under voltage 220. 250 V. If there is no current for 1 minute, the winding insulation is in good order.

If a break is found in the field winding, inspect the soldering points of the ends of the winding to the slip rings and, in the case of unsoldering, restore the broken connection. If there is an open inside the winding or a turn-to-turn short circuit or a winding short to ground, replace the rotor.

Check the stator winding separately, after disassembling the generator, with the winding leads disconnected from the rectifier unit.

To determine a break in the stator phase winding, alternately connect two phases of the winding to a tester (ohmmeter) or through a test lamp to a current source with a voltage of 12. 30 V. In the event of a break in any of the windings when connected to the terminals of the other two, the arrow of the tester (ohmmeter) does not deviate, and the control lamp does not light up. With a good phase winding, the ohmmeter readings should correspond to the values specified in the technical specification.

Check the turn-to-turn short-circuit of the stator winding with a portable flaw detector PDO-1.

Check the short circuit of the stator winding to ground due to mechanical or thermal damage to the insulation of the winding or terminals with a test lamp under a voltage of 220. 250 V by connecting one conductor to the stator core, and the other to one of the winding terminals. If the lamp does not light up, there is no short circuit.

Check the condition of the insulation of the winding wires; the insulation should not show any signs of overheating.

If the phase terminal is cut off from the tip, unwind one or two turns of the winding, install an insulating pipe and press or solder the tip.

Checking the technical condition of the generator. Failures in the generator set can be caused by malfunctions of the generator, voltage regulator, or electrical contact failure in the power supply system circuit. Therefore, before proceeding with the check, make sure that the electrical contact of the wires at the terminals of the generator, the voltage regulator, in the connecting blocks between the wire bundles and that the relay for disconnecting the excitation winding of the generator is in good working order is in good working order. Check with a test lamp the presence of current in the excitation circuit.

Check the technical condition on a stand that allows you to change the generator rotor speed, current load and measure voltage, current and generator rotor speed. Power the field winding from a direct current source. The supply voltage is 28 V.

Select measuring instruments so that the measured values are within 30.95% of the scale. The device for measuring the magnitude of the current must have an accuracy class of at least 1.5, and the voltage - 1.0.

Upon admission for repair, the generator may have various malfunctions. Possible generator malfunctions are shown in table. 53.

Before removing the generator from the engine or before installing it on the engine, the battery must be disconnected, since the positive terminal (+) of the generator is energized.

To remove the generator, the clamping bolt of the generator bracket support is loosened, the nut of the stud fastening the generator to the bracket is unscrewed, the bolt securing the generator to the tension bar is unscrewed.

When repairing generators, faulty and damaged parts are replaced with new ones.

53. Possible malfunctions of generators, their causes and remedies

External manifestations of malfunctions

Troubleshooting method

The ammeter shows the discharge current at the rated speed of the crankshaft

Looseness of the drive belt, contamination of slip rings

Adjust the tension of the drive belt, wipe the rings with a cotton cloth soaked in gasoline

Worn or hanging of brushes in brush holders

Check the height of the brushes (height 10 mm), if necessary replace the brush holders or brushes

Breakdown of the rectifier unit

Replace rectifier unit

Short circuit of the stator windings

Lost contact (open) in the excitation circuit or short circuit

Check circuit for open or short circuit and repair

Short circuit or breakage of the rotor winding

Defective voltage regulator

Poor contact in the excitation circuit (wear or hanging brushes), slipping belts

Clean the brush holder, check the springs and the size of the brushes (size at least 10 mm)

Adjust belt tension and alternator mount

Excessive charging current

Short circuit in the generator brush assembly or in the circuit between the generator and the regulator

Increased noise during generator operation

Looseness of the pulley

Generator fan bent

Fan belt tension too high

Adjust fan belt tension

The following operations are included in the technological process of disassembling the generator:

the bolts of the brush holder are turned out and the brush holder is removed;
the screws that secure the ball bearing cover are unscrewed;
the cover is removed from the side of the slip rings together with the stator;
the phase leads of the stator winding are disconnected from the leads of the rectifier unit and the stator is separated;
the pulley fastening nut is unscrewed to remove it;
the pulley, fan, key and bushing are removed;
using a special puller, the drive-side cover is removed together with the ball bearing and the fan; for this, the threaded holes in the cover are used.

Parts and assemblies of the generator after disassembly are divided into two groups: parts without windings and parts with windings.

Parts without windings are washed with the "Labomid-203" solution.

Parts with windings are cleaned with a cloth soaked in gasoline, blown with compressed air and dried in a drying cabinet at a temperature of 90. 100 ° C for 45-90 minutes.

The cleaned parts and assemblies are subject to defect detection. Parts with mechanical damage are replaced. The bent fan blades are straightened and straightened. The wear of the pulley grooves is checked by installing rollers with a diameter of 14 mm into the pulley and controlling the size of the roller protrusions. The distance between the roller lugs must be at least 83.5 mm. The worn out bore holes for the bearing in the cover on the drive side are bored and then repair rings with an inner diameter equal to the nominal are pressed into them.

Rice. 131. Scheme for checking the serviceability of the rotor windings and the reliability of the adhesion of the brushes to the slip rings on the stand:

1,2 - stand control devices; 3 - rheostat; 4 - rectifier unit of the generating set; 5 - rotor winding; 6 - stator winding

The serviceability of the windings and the reliability of the adhesion of the brushes in the slip rings are checked at the stand according to the scheme shown in Fig. 131.

In the event of a break in any of the windings when connected to the terminals of the other two, the arrow of the ohmmeter or tester does not deviate (the control lamp does not light up).

The turn-to-turn closure of the stator winding is checked with a PDO-1 flaw detector.

The generator is assembled in the reverse order of disassembly.

After repair, the generator is installed on the engine, while the fan belt tension is adjusted.

The tension of the alternator drive belt is adjusted in the following sequence:

the middle of the drive belt branch is pressed with a force of 40 N, as shown in fig. 130, 6;
a measuring ruler measures the amount of deflection; it should be no more than 15-22 mm with a force of 40 N;
tighten the bolts securing the front leg of the generator to the bracket and the bolt securing the generator to the tension bar.

If the deflection value deviates from the specified, the belt tension is adjusted as follows: loosen the bolts securing the front leg of the generator to the bracket, the bolts securing the generator to the tensioning bar; by pressing a hand or using a lever, the generator is deflected in the direction of the belt tension to the required value.

A serviceable generator, when the engine is running at an average crankshaft speed, should provide a charging current, the strength of which decreases as the battery is recharged. With a serviceable and fully charged battery and disconnected consumers, the absence of charging current does not indicate a malfunction of the generator.

Rice. 130. Generating set G273A:

1 - generator pulley; 2 - fan; 3 - front cover of the generator body; 4 - generator stator; 5 - rotor; 6 - rotor shaft; 7 - rectifier unit; 8 - back cover of the case; 9 - armature slip rings; 10 - rectifier block cover; 11 - make-up resistance; 12 - voltage regulator Y-120M

A three-phase synchronous alternating current generator G272 with independent electromagnetic excitation and a silicon rectifier built into the cover on the side of the slip rings is installed on KamAZ vehicles. Since 1980, the G273A generator set, shown in Fig. 1, has been installed on KamAZ vehicles of all models. 130, a. It consists of a three-phase synchronous generator with direct-flow ventilation, a rectifier unit built into the generator and an integral voltage regulator. The generator is attached with two legs to the bracket of the upper front part of the engine, and with the third leg - to the tension bar and is driven into rotation by two V-belts.

Rice. 130. Generating set G273A:

A generator of type G273A with the right direction of rotation from the drive side has a rated voltage of 28 V and a maximum current of 28 A. The rotor speed at a load current of 10 A is not more than 1550 min -1 and at a load current of 20 A - 2100 min -1. Excitation current is not more than 3.4 A.

The rectifier unit contains M1 copper-graphite brushes.

The Y120AT voltage regulator is a non-separable product and cannot be repaired in case of failure.

Repair of the G 273V1 Kamaz generator

Repair of the G 273 generator KamAZ, MAZ.

= but now I do not know what to do from the hopelessness, discontent, grief =

Put what is, an anchor in the sense, but you should pay attention to the gap.

serega-64, Thanks for the sensible advice, I will pay attention to the gap.

Yes, here's another thing I wanted to say, there are two circuits for switching on the regulator, with an additional bridge of 3 five-ampere diodes of the 1N5404 type and without, i.e. passive and active. The bottom line is that when the ignition is passively turned on, it does not in any way affect the supply of the excitation voltage directly to the armature, for example. ignition is fed through counter. the lamp on the instrument panel. As soon as the dviglo starts up, the main voltage for the armature will come from 3 5-amp diodes. Thus, when the engine is stopped, the generator does not eat a damn thing, except through a light bulb. With an active + ignition circuit, it is fed through a relay to a relay-regulator and it is also a supply for the armature, with this incl. when the engine is stopped when on. zig. the generator begins to eat the current determined by the resistance. anchors and tension on-board network - 12 or 24.

The gap should be minimal, no more than 1mm, ideally, an increase leads to a decrease in efficiency, the gene may not finally be excited at idle, re-gasification is required, but the efficiency, as I said, decreases.

serega-64, In Soviet times, I worked at the plant. As a great specialist, they invited me into the quarry to look at the tractor. The tractor is a completely new, northern version, the battery is in the cab under the seat. The generator does not generate current. Everything is fine. A tractor in a career, of course, does not really need electricity, since it is a diesel engine. But still, in winter we have a short daylight hours, it seems like the headlights will not interfere.
The generator had a separate excitation bridge. I looked at him, made sure that everything around was screwed on and in good order. It still does not generate current.I threw a jumper from the battery to the excitation winding, the generator started working. I worked a little, the jumper was removed.

That is, for such a generator, it is necessary that the armature has at least a small magnetic field. In order to generate voltage for the excitation winding.

Lenchik, According to this scheme
= The bottom line is that when the ignition is passively turned on, it does not in any way affect the supply of the excitation voltage directly to the armature, for example. ignition is fed through counter. the lamp on the instrument panel. As soon as the dviglo starts up, the main voltage for the armature will come from 3 5-amp diodes. =
most of the electrical equipment of the transport was built, namely the connection. generator. There are import quirks with an integral, but this is a separate topic. So I said that I did not say in vain about the light bulb, this is an obligatory element, the starting excitation current flows through the lamp, it is small, but it is enough. Maybe in that tractor this light is dead. You can also put a resistance of 47 - 62 Ohm, if there is a voltmeter in the shield.

Exactly! I remembered. We were just fiddling around with a VAZ-2108 for a long time because of this light bulb. The generator started up, but it was necessary to gas it well, up to 5 thousand. There were also two 2-watt resistors. I don’t remember whether they or the light was on.

serega-64That tractor with the bulbs was strained. In general, he did not have a lot of indications. The ammeter in my opinion only was. I'm not an auto electrician. Therefore, I thoroughly felt all the wires with my hands. There, the wires did not go anywhere else. A diesel tractor does not need ignition, it has no candles. That is, the whole system of the generator, the battery was only for lighting.

But after the forced power supply, it began to work quite normally. Several times it was drowned out and started.

if the generator r273 rotor 12 volts R 3.2 ohm there voltage is removed from the O point there was still a 75 ohm pev resistor for initial excitation stands between O and the shunt, the regulator y112

Video (click to play).

Lenchik, I remember there were such generators (by the way, they still have them right now, they put them on special equipment in Russia), they didn't even need a battery there, and there was more than enough for the world.