DIY pump station impeller repair

In detail: do-it-yourself pump station impeller repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

Do-it-yourself pump station repair: a list of possible faults and recommendations for their elimination

The further from the city we live, the less accessible services of all kinds of service companies and repair shops become.

Even if a specialist agrees to come to a remote settlement, he will probably have to wait long enough, and the payment for services will be higher than usual.

Therefore, it is extremely important for the owner of a private house to learn how to fix all kinds of breakdowns and accidents on his own, at least in the systems responsible for the life support of the house.

These include water supply, which today is often autonomous. How to repair a pumping station with your own hands will be described in this material.

To organize the work of an ordinary home water supply system, pumping stations (NS) with a hydraulic accumulator are used. The start and stop of the pump in such systems is carried out by means of a pressure switch. This device, adjusted to a certain pressure range in the pipe, closes the contact group at its minimum value and opens at its maximum value.

So that the pump does not turn on every time, as soon as one of the residents opens the tap (frequent switching on will shorten the life of the engine), a hydraulic accumulator is connected to the water supply. From the name it is clear that this reservoir is needed to create a supply of water, but it accumulates not only it.

NS may differ in various ways:

Pump type: depending on the depth of the source, self-priming pumps (up to 8 m) and submersible are used. By the type of the pumping mechanism, most are of the centrifugal type, but among the submersible models, vibration ones are often found.
Automation type: if the water flow is carried out exclusively in a continuous mode, for example, for irrigation, instead of a pressure switch, a flow sensor is installed on the HC. It turns on the pump with the beginning of the parsing of water (reacts to the movement of the medium in the pipe) and turns it off at the end. A hydraulic accumulator is not used in such an HC. Some HC models with flow sensors and without a storage device can also be used in ordinary household water supply. They are equipped with advanced automation, which is "able" to smoothly start / stop the pump motor and change its power. In the presence of such functions, frequent switching-ons become not terrible for the unit.
Accumulator type.

Video (click to play).

Pumping station in operation

In NS, two types of accumulators are used:

balloon: water is pumped into a rubber "bulb";
membrane: the volumes for air and water are separated by an elastic membrane.

Also, drives may differ in size. It should be borne in mind that the specification indicates the volume of the entire tank, and not the volume of the water tank in it.

Autonomous water supply in the house is an important component of a comfortable stay. Well or well - which is better for a country house and a summer residence? We will help you figure it out.

You can familiarize yourself with the principle of operation of a dry closet for a summer residence here.

For tips on making a DIY vacuum press, read this publication.

Let's mentally walk through the NN and see what can cause disruptions in its work.

After turning off the unit, it is held by a check valve installed at the beginning of the water intake pipe.

In the event of prolonged shutdowns, the pump must be refilled.

If you are looking for a self-priming pump that does not need to be primed, choose a vortex unit.However, please note that it has a very low efficiency.

The lack of water in the suction line may be due to the following reasons:

the water in the source dropped below the intake pipe;
the work of the check valve is broken;
cracks or gaps appeared in the line through which air entered it (a break in the water column occurred).

If the HC is equipped with a dry-running sensor, the pump will automatically shut down. Otherwise, it will work (until the overheating protection is triggered), but water will not flow.

The following troubles can happen to the main element of the neural network:

impeller sticking: humming is heard, but the motor does not rotate;
the capacitor is out of order: the signs are the same;
due to wear of the casing and impeller, the pump cannot develop a pressure in the pipeline, at which the pressure switch is triggered: the unit does not turn off even at zero water flow;
the engine is burnt out: the unit does not start, the smell of burnt insulation is heard.

Pump station with built-in ejector

Most often, the relay stops functioning for the following reasons:

dirt has accumulated on the contacts, preventing the electrical connection: the pump has stopped turning on;
there was a blockage of the connecting pipe: the relay stops responding to changes in pressure in the water supply;
the springs have weakened, as a result of which the limits of the working pressure range have "floated".

Disassembled pressure switch

Signs of pipeline clogging depend on the installation location of the relay:

the relay is located in the house next to the accumulator, that is, a plug formed somewhere between it and the pump: pumping water into the accumulator began to take longer than usual;
the relay is installed next to the pump, that is, it is located between it and the plug: the unit operates in jerks (frequent on / off).

This part of the National Assembly also has characteristic "diseases":

depressurization of the case;
rupture of the cylinder or membrane (in this case, when you press the spool, water will pour out of the tank);
decrease in air pressure for natural reasons.

In all cases, the same symptom will be observed: the pump turns on every time the tap is opened.

To resume the work of the NS, it is necessary to do the following:

Self-repairing a check valve usually consists of removing any dirt or long-fiber inclusions that are preventing the valve from closing. For more complex breakdowns, the part is changed.

If cracks appear on the reinforced hose, through which the pump sucks in air, they must be sealed with reinforced tape to repair the pipelines.

A worn casing or impeller will have to be replaced.

There are models in which a stainless insert is installed. It is much cheaper to change it than the entire body.

Cleaning the contact group and the connecting pipe from dirt usually does not cause difficulties for users.

By the way, it is best to remove plaque from contacts with a soft school eraser.

The adjustment of the relay is carried out by rotating two nuts screwed onto the rods with the springs put on them.

The value of the switch-on pressure (also called the lower one) depends on the compression ratio of the large spring, and the small one regulates the difference between it and the switch-off pressure (upper). Note, not the shutdown pressure itself, but the difference between the upper and lower pressures.

If the pump, due to wear, cannot develop a head sufficient to turn off, you need to wait until the pressure gauge needle stops at the maximum mark, and then manually disconnect the unit. Then, gradually loosen the small spring nut until the contacts click.

This will mean that the upper limit of the operating range of the relay corresponds to the maximum pressure that the pump can provide at the moment. For a reserve, the small spring can be loosened a little more. On the contrary, when tightening the nut, the range will increase.

Similar actions can be performed with a large spring, if, for example, it is weakened.

A crack in the accumulator housing is a good reason to contact the service department. But if its dimensions are not large, you can try to seal the hole with a compound of the "cold welding" type. If the membrane or cylinder ruptures, the part will definitely have to be changed.

Choosing NS, it is better to give preference to models with a bladder accumulator. Replacing the rubber "bulb" in such tanks, regardless of the model, is very easy. With regard to membrane accumulators, in many models of this type, only a service engineer can install a new membrane.

Old and new rubber membranes

Most often, to normalize the operation of the NS, you just need to pump air into the cavity of the accumulator. This is done using a conventional pump with a spool hose. In this case, the pressure should be monitored with a pressure gauge.

The change house, equipped with a bathroom and a shower, makes your stay at the dacha construction site comfortable. Two-room country cabins with toilet and shower - everything from materials to final finishing.

The rules for the manufacture and installation of Zolotukhin's cages for keeping rabbits are described in this publication.

Its recommended value is indicated in the characteristics of the accumulator (usually 1.5 atm.), But it is not necessary to adhere to this value exactly. Ideally, the air pressure in the tank should be no more than 10% of the pump activation pressure.

Avoid using cheap Chinese pressure gauges in plastic cases, as these instruments give a large error.

Do-it-yourself pump station repair is one of the best options for getting out of a situation when some problems arise in it. Today the water supply equipment market is oversaturated with offers for every taste. Two water supply systems have positive reviews about reliability - the Marina pumping station and the Jileks station, the structure of which is identical.

Owners of their own water supply system on the territory of a private house or summer cottage often face various kinds of malfunctions. Basically, pumping stations contain the following elements:

water pump;
hydraulic accumulator;
relay;
pressure gauge.

The main task of the water pump is to take water from the right source. Surface pumps installed either in special rooms of the house or in caissons adapted for this are popular among consumers. The pump must have sufficient power to lift water from the well, move it to the house and lift it to the upper water-tipping point of the housing.

An important component is a hydraulic accumulator (storage tank) with a capacity of 20 liters or more. A hydraulic accumulator is a metal container, the task of which is to maintain constant pressure in the station pipelines. A successful model of a battery in the form of a metal balloon with a rubber membrane inside. The membrane stretches and goes back to its previous position, depending on whether the pumping station is running or not.

The relay turns on and off the pump, determining the need for its operation by the water level in the tank. The pressure gauge is designed to indicate the pressure level in the water supply system. The presented set of units and equipment of a water supply station can work as a single system, and each individual element can work on its own. On the market niche there are ready-made pumping stations in the form of a pumping device installed on a pressure accumulator. The single frame also contains an automatic control device.

The operation of the pumping station is carried out according to the following scheme: receiving power from the source, the suction pump begins to draw water, the water goes into the tank, filling it to a certain level, after which the pressure switch stops the suction device.When a person consumes water, the liquid level in the membrane tank drops, the pressure switch gives the command to implement the water intake process again.

Usually, when buying a pumping station, a warranty period is indicated. And what to do when the pump does not pump water after such a period has expired? There are certain approaches to performing work related to the failure of the station, allowing you to find the cause of the breakdown, and ways to repair the pumping station with your own hands. In many cases, this does not take as much time as it might seem at first glance.

The first step is to check the tightness of the pipes and the presence of water in the system. When there is no water, the cause could be a malfunction of the check valve located between the head of the well and the inlet pipe of the pumping station. This part stops working as a result of clogging of the valve with foreign objects. The unsuitability of the spring that controls the operation of this element is also being considered.

Clogging of the valve is eliminated by cleaning it after removal, and if it breaks down, you need to completely replace the check valve, but this will require a significant amount. With a prolonged downtime of the pumping station, a situation arises of the disappearance of water at the junction of the well and the pump. A special fill hole eliminates the problem.

If there is a seasonal drop in water level problem, the solution is to place the pump inlet circuit deeper into the well shaft. Deep immersion of the inlet circuit increases the likelihood of clogging; to prevent this, a filter is installed.

Insufficient voltage in the network is also the reason for the lack of water flow when the supply system is running. This is determined by the power supply tester. The wear of the pump blades is eliminated according to the following plan:

disassembly of the pumping device using a special tool to facilitate removal;
inspection of the impeller condition, if necessary - replacement of a broken blade;
if it is impossible to replace a broken part (it all depends on the manufacturer), the pump completely changes.

When the pump is turned on frequently, the water supply is jerky. The reason is a breakdown in the operation of the automation unit (pressure gauge). The pressure gauge measures the pressure. The readings of this element can drop sharply, then the water will flow in jerks. This happens if the membrane of the pressure accumulator, which changes its size depending on the volume of water, has become unusable.

Breakage is determined by pressing the nipple, which makes access to the membrane. When air leaves it, it is serviceable. In case of water ingress, the membrane of the accumulator must be urgently replaced. To change the element, it is necessary to disassemble the battery case by unscrewing the bolts.

When it was found that the pump does not pump water, one of the reasons may be that the pressure in it is not correctly adjusted. The problem is eliminated according to the following scheme:

the pumping station is turned off from the mains;
water is drained from the water tank;
the air pressure in the tank is measured through the nipple by an automobile pump with a pressure gauge or compressor, its optimal value is 90-95%;
air is pumped into the water supply system.
water is poured into the station;
connects to the network with pressure control.

The air in the water supply system is pumped as follows. The cover with the pressure switch is removed by removing the plastic screw and changing the tightening force of the existing springs of the assembly. By turning one nut, the lower value of the pump is switched on. Clockwise rotation increases the pressure, while counterclockwise rotation causes the pressure to decrease.

Turning the other nut adjusts the pressure range between the lower and upper limits. The boundaries of the range are changed by rotating the element clockwise to expand, counterclockwise to decrease it.After the steps taken, the pumping station is connected to the power grid, and its performance is checked.

There are several more types of pumping station breakdown. For example, there is a constant injection of water, it happens when the regulation relay stops working due to wear. To eliminate the malfunction, it is necessary to clamp the stretched springs of the relay and, if necessary, clean it from clogging.

When the pump does not pump water from the well, the first step is to check if there is electricity in the circuit. If everything is in order, the cause of the malfunction may be the winding of the electric motor. In case of breakdowns in the winding, the motor does not work, and the smell of insulation burning is felt. The elimination of the problem consists in a complete replacement of the engine.

Another case of system malfunction is the production of sound without rotating the pumping device. Prolonged downtime is the culprit. The rotor wheels "freeze" on the inner surface of the station. To begin with, the pump shaft is developed by turning it by hand; if necessary, the impeller is cleaned of debris.Since the pump casing also has a diffuser with a connected guide, the hydrophore also stops in the event of a malfunction. The solution is to replace the diffusers for the pumping stations and then reassemble the pump in the reverse order.This failure occurs when the terminal box capacitor stops working. An electrical tester detects a malfunction that often occurs in motors operating in a three-phase circuit. When the capacitor closes, it melts or darkens, there is only one way out - to replace the part. The main thing is to make sure that the wires are securely fastened, otherwise the capacitor will be inoperative.Almost all breakdowns of pumping equipment stations are eliminated, and do-it-yourself pump station repair is not a myth.To reduce the likelihood of malfunctions in the operation of the pumping station, specialists are strongly recommended to perform the prescribed maintenance and preventive inspection of the water supply systems.

DIY pump station repair

If you want to move from a city apartment to a private house or to a summer cottage, then, undoubtedly, you will have to think about creating a full-fledged, efficiently working water supply system. Initial investments in such a system - arranging a water source and laying your own water supply system can cost more than connecting to the main utility networks, but in the future you will significantly save on the absence of payment for consumed water.

But, the ownership of its own water supply system imposes on the owner the obligation to maintain the equipment. So, any responsible homeowner must know how to repair a pumping station with his own hands.

The pumping station is the "heart" of your autonomous water supply system. A well-designed autonomous water supply system must include a well in its composition, which ensures the production of a sufficient volume of water to meet the needs of one or more households. In the overwhelming majority of cases, water from such a well has to be raised. Since the water in the wells lies at great depths, it is necessary to raise it from there with pumping devices. So that the pumps are not activated every time you turn on the water-folding device in your house, so that there is always constant pressure in the water supply system of your house, a pumping station is needed.

A classic pumping station consists of the following basic elements.

pumping device

Hydraulic accumulator (pressure accumulator)

Pump station pressure switch

As you can see, the concept of "pumping station" is only a collection of components and equipment that can be used by themselves. In industrially produced pumping stations, all the main units can be assembled in a single housing, but most of all the finished pumping station is a pumping device mounted on a pressure accumulator. Also, an automatic control device is fixed on a single frame.

During the warranty operation, problems in such equipment, as a rule, do not arise. In any case, malfunctions occurring at this time can be eliminated at service centers. However, with a long period of operation, various components of the pumping station may fail. Let's try to figure it out and find out how you can independently eliminate the most common malfunctions of pumping stations.

Let us consider sequentially all the main malfunctions of pumping stations, the reasons for their occurrence and ways to eliminate them on their own.

If you turn on the pumping station, the pump impeller rotates, but water does not flow into the pipeline, then certain factors may be the reason.

After removing the cover, inspect the condition of the impeller. You may need to replace it, of course if you find a suitable replacement part on the market. But the manufacturer's policy is that if any spare part is worn out, you will most likely have to change the pumping device (but not the entire pumping station).

The cause of such a defect may be the improper operation of the automation unit. Its main unit is a pressure gauge - a device that measures pressure. With such a jerky work, you will be able to observe how the pressure gauge readings rise to large values, and then sharply decrease.

The main reason for this disadvantage is damage to the membrane in the pressure accumulator of the pumping station (the very node that stretches when the volume of fluid in the system increases).

Rubber Diaphragm Accumulator Pressure Station Pumping Equipment

So you can disassemble the pumping equipment station

The diaphragm of the pressure accumulator is accessed through a nipple located at the back of the pressure accumulator housing. If you press on this nipple, air should come out of it. If water begins to flow from it when exposed, then it is time to change the membrane of the accumulator of the pumping station. To do this, disassemble the battery case by loosening the bolts and change the membrane.

Pressure Accumulator Diaphragm Replacement Procedure

Also, the reason for the operation of the pumping equipment station "jumps" can be air cushion pressure drop in the part of the pressure accumulator behind the diaphragm. Typically, the manufacturer pumps air up to 1.8 atmospheres into this part of the device. In the event of a leakage of the accumulator housing, air can escape and the accumulator ceases to perform its functions. You can pressurize the accumulator housing through the nipple located at the back of the unit. If microcracks have appeared in the body of your device due to rust, then the only way out can be by sealing the seams with the help of "cold welding" kits, or by completely replacing the accumulator body.

We pump the required pressure into the accumulator

Another reason for such a malfunction can be a banal breakdown of the automatic adjustment unit... Usually such devices are replaced entirely.

The cause of such a malfunction may be a partial intake of air into the water supply pipeline system. Such "suction" can occur on a segment located from the suction pipe with a filter to the inlet pipe of the pumping station. The disadvantage can be eliminated by ensuring the tightness of the pipelines and their connections, as well as by deeper immersion of the suction nozzle into the well.

The most likely cause of such a malfunction is poor adjustment of the relay that detects the pressure level in the pipeline system. The relay is regulated by two different springs:

small spring responsible for adjusting the difference in pressure indicators between max and min pressure;
larger spring sets the lower and upper limits for turning on and off the pumping device.

With prolonged operation of the automation unit, the springs can stretch and the indicators set during the initial adjustment get lost. In addition, during operation, the moving parts of the pump wear out and the maximum values of the pressure it generates decrease.

After prolonged use, reduce the maximum pressure reading by adjusting the position of the large spring.

Description of the control relay

Also, the reason for the malfunction of the control relay can be a narrowing of the relay outlet, which over time becomes clogged with deposits present in the pumped water. In this case, the relay must be removed and cleaned.

The pumping equipment station operates on electricity and its absence, or a voltage drop in the system, can cause the pumping device to turn off. Check the presence of electricity in the circuit and voltage with a tester.

If electricity is available and the pumping station is correctly connected, the cause of such a breakdown may be a breakdown of the winding of the electric motor. When it breaks down, the engine stops and a characteristic smell of burnt insulation arises. With such a malfunction, it is better to replace the entire electric motor.

Such a deficiency may occur after prolonged pump downtime... In this case, the rotor impellers can "stick" to the inner surface of the pumping device. Try to turn the pump shaft by hand. If you cannot touch the rotor with your hands, then disassemble the pump casing and eliminate the impeller defect (jamming).

Also, the cause of such a malfunction may be capacitor failurelocated in the terminal box of the device. This is especially true for motors connected in a three-phase scheme. An electrical tester is used to diagnose and correct this malfunction.

Also, the flaw can be caused by low voltage in the mains supply.

As you can see, the main breakdowns arising during the operation of pumping equipment stations can well be eliminated independently, without calling specialists. To learn more about pumping station repair technologies, watch the training video.

In the article, we will figure out how a pumping station works, how to choose and what you need to know when repairing and maintaining it. The pumping station can pump not only water. However, as a rule, these devices are used to pump ordinary water or sewage.

The pumping station has one main advantage - it is initially ready for use. What does it mean? To ensure automatic operation of the pump, you will need to connect a hydraulic tank, a check valve, automation, and much more. In the pumping station, all these items are already provided for by a design, which is at the same time compact and versatile.

The first device, most often, is a small unit, which provides: low noise level, the ability to pump a relatively small amount of liquid and power supply from the mains. The use of such pumping stations is required to pump water from a well, shallow well, or to increase the pressure in the suburban water supply system. Such a pumping station is called a water supply pumping station. Image - DIY pump station impeller repair

A completely different matter is a pumping station for pumping out a pond, drying an area or pumping out drainage fluid. Such pumping stations are called pumping stations for pumping groundwater. If in pumping stations for water supply, the priority is the task of minimizing noise and pumping out the amount of liquid necessary for personal use, then pumping stations for pumping out groundwater should pump as much liquid as possible in a minimum time period and not become clogged with sand or other abrasives.

Pumping stations for pumping fecal wastewater (drain pits) differ in the material of the pump housing and impeller. In most cases, a set of sewage pumping stations includes powerful knives for grinding all kinds of organic impurities. Another subspecies of sewage pumping stations are pumping stations for pumping out drainage, which include a diesel or gasoline engine, they are also called motor pumps.

A motor pump is a completely autonomous pumping station that can be used in a forest, field, taiga, etc. Such pumping stations are often used by teams of repairmen and the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

And if you forget about extreme conditions, then pumping stations are loyal and reliable assistants at home, in the country, or in a cottage, which will make sure that you always have water!

Like any devices, pumping stations sometimes fail. There can be many reasons for this - misuse, factory defect, force majeure, or banal wear and tear. However, one of the most vulnerable points of the pumping station is the pear tree. It is the replacement of the pear in the pumping station that is the main topic of the text below.

To get to the pear, you must first disassemble the accumulator in which it is located. The hydroaccumulator is a reservoir for storing water. In the iron tank you can see a rubber container, this is the so-called pear or membrane, the liquid accumulates in this particular part, from which it swells.

Thanks to her, the liquid and the iron tank do not come into contact. So, there was such a nuisance as the failure of this membrane (rubber bulb).

However, replacing it at a service center is a waste of money. Replacing a rubber bulb is a trivial matter (you just need to take care of buying a pear that is appropriate in size), which is illustrated in detail in the pictures below.

It is worth noting that some manufacturers supply pumping stations with defective rubber bulbs, for example, Ergus sins with this. The failure of the membrane occurs within a month of use, and the warranty repair does not apply to this failure.Replacing the impeller of a pumping station is what sooner or later every owner of this device faces. These actions can be performed in the service, however, why pay for a trifling work, and even more interesting! Image - DIY pump station impeller repair

At the rear of the pumping station there is an electric motor, the shaft of which is equipped with this very impeller (impeller). The impeller is the main mechanism that allows the pumping station to pump water. Mount the impeller directly on the rotor shaft (lock with a key or bolt, the key often licks off, so first check its integrity) and thanks to the ceramic oil seal, the possibility of liquid entering the engine is excluded.

To disconnect the impeller, you will need to dismantle the bolt that secures it. However, since the base on which the impeller is mounted is a rotating shaft, the task is not as easy as you might think. Dismantling the bolt provides for fixing the shaft, and for this, it is necessary to remove the cover and the fan from the opposite side of the engine.

After removing the cover and the fan, we get access to the other end of the shaft, which is easily fixed, after which the impeller can be removed.

Video (click to play).

We also note that in some pumping stations impellers made of brass or stainless steel are installed, which significantly extends their service life. Probably the only reason for replacing this type of impeller is ice deformation in severe frost.

Rate the article:

Grade 3.2 who voted: 82