If you have any problems, you need to look at the instructions for the unit, and if there is no section in Russian, then use the recommendations provided.
Buying a cultivator greatly simplifies the process of performing summer cottage work of a various nature. It's not a secret for anyone that such equipment can break down and still breaks down. So that the summer resident does not have to buy a new unit, he must understand how to independently repair the cultivator. Let's discuss this issue later in this article.
All working components of cultivators during their operation are subject to rather heavy loads. For this reason, they need regular inspection and repair. First you need to configure the ignition and fuel pump systems of the unit. Indeed, in the winter period of time, he was idle "without work", which can cause problems with starting the engine. It is also worth checking the transmission. Remember, negligence at this stage of work can lead to serious breakdowns and the need to overhaul the cultivators.
To do it yourself, you need to mature at the root of the issue. That is, to understand the cause of the malfunction, and in which unit of the apparatus it arose.
Conventionally, all breakdowns of equipment of this type can be divided into two groups:
According to the reviews of experienced summer residents who use Texas or Mole cultivators on their plots, problems of the first group are more common. How to carry out repairs yourself will become clear if you read this article to the end.
To repair the cultivator engine, as in the following photo, you need to determine the root cause of the problem. There may be several: let's discuss each option.
You will need to repair the cultivator gearbox if its operation is accompanied by increased noise. A similar phenomenon is typical in the case of a lack of oil. Add it to the gearbox of the device, or better, replace it altogether.
Also, noise can arise due to the "loosening" of the fasteners of the nodes: inspect and fix them with your own hands.
In addition, summer residents may face the problem of oil leakage from the gearbox. This can occur due to wear or improper installation of the seals of the bearing units, with poorly fixed covers and deformation of their accompanying gaskets. Replacement and subsequent high-quality installation of oil seals, self-replacement of gaskets and fixing of cover fasteners, as well as high-quality cleaning of the breather will help to eliminate such a leak.
Do not forget to timely change those parts of the Texas gearbox that are more susceptible to wear and tear during the operation of equipment of this kind.
Excessive vibration of the device during its operation is typical for those cases when the summer resident has poorly performed the adjustment of the attachments of the attachments. Stop the equipment the minute vibration is noticed and adjust the attachment parts accordingly. If the fasteners are worn out, they will need to be replaced with new ones.
VIDEO
This article described the most common problems that summer residents may face when preparing a cultivator for the new season. You can eliminate them with your own hands without much difficulty, but you need to approach this task responsibly. The video in this article will once again tell you in detail about the features of the repair of cultivators.
one per entry "How to independently repair the cultivator"
Where to find carburetor and valve adjustments texas 532 lili TG
Like any technique, a walk-behind tractor requires timely maintenance and repair. And it is advisable to entrust their implementation to specialists who have the necessary tools and equipment and know their job well. However, if you are also familiar with the device of internal combustion engines and understand the topic of mechanical engineering, then you can do a lot of what may be required to restore the machine's performance on your own.
Diesel and gasoline engines have different motor resources. For the former, the normal figure is 4000 m3 / h, but the latter are capable of providing only 1500 m3 / h.Despite this, diesel models of walk-behind tractors are not in high demand. After all, both when buying and during operation, they are much more expensive. Therefore, most likely you are working with a walk-behind tractor equipped with a gasoline (carburetor) engine.
All breakdowns that may arise during the operation of agricultural mini-equipment can be conditionally divided into two categories:
Engine malfunctions: startup problems;
malfunctions.
Malfunctions of other units and mechanisms: improper clutch operation;
breakdowns in the gearbox;
problems with the chassis;
malfunctions of control and automation;
malfunctions of walk-behind tractor systems (cooling, lubrication, etc.).
In many ways, the success of repairing a suddenly out of order machine depends on the correctness of the diagnostics. With regard to maintenance, it is carried out precisely in order to identify small malfunctions, which subsequently lead to serious ones.
If you do not have the necessary knowledge, premises, tools and materials necessary for servicing and repairing the motor, entrust the work to a specialist!
If attempts to start the walk-behind tractor were unsuccessful, this means that there are malfunctions in the engine or starting system. In order to determine the source of the breakdown, you first need to check the spark plugs.
If the spark plugs are dry, this means that the fuel mixture is not entering the engine cylinders. There may be several reasons for this:
there is no fuel in the tank;
the fuel supply valve is closed;
the hole in the gas tank plug is clogged;
foreign objects have entered the fuel supply system.
To fix problems with the fuel supply, you must:
Fill the tank of the walk-behind tractor.
Open the fuel cock.
Clean the drain hole located in the fuel filler cap.
Remove the fuel cock, drain the fuel tank and rinse it with clean gasoline. After that, remove the connecting hose on the side of the carburetor and blow it out together with the carburetor nozzles without disassembling the latter using the fuel pump.
If fuel enters the carburetor but does not reach the cylinder, the problem is with the carburetor itself. To eliminate it, this unit must be removed, disassembled and cleaned. Well, after that - assemble and install in place. Therefore, before performing all the necessary manipulations, it does not hurt at all to refresh the memory of the device and the principle of operation of the carburetor.
In the event that, when checking the candles, they turned out to be wet, i.e. fuel is supplied normally, but the engine does not start, the problem may be as follows:
Failure of the ignition system: there is a characteristic carbon deposit on the spark plug electrodes (it is necessary to clean the candles with emery, after which they should be rinsed with gasoline and dried);
the size of the gap between the electrodes does not correspond to that specified by the manufacturer in the engine operating manual (the gap is adjusted by bending the side electrode to the required dimensions);
insulators for spark plugs or high-voltage wiring are damaged (defective plugs and wiring must be replaced);
the STOP button is shorted to ground (for normal engine start, the short circuit must be removed);
contacts in the angles of the candles are broken (contacts should be put in order);
the gap between the magnetic shoe and the starter does not correspond to the standard value (gap adjustment is required);
defects are found on the stator of the ignition system (the stator must be replaced).
Air leaks through the seals of the carburetor, spark plugs, spark plug heads and cylinders, as well as the carburetor and engine cylinder connections. If a leak is detected in the connections, it is necessary to tighten the fastening bolts, tighten the spark plugs and check the integrity of the gaskets between the plug heads and the cylinders.
Incomplete closure of the carburetor choke. To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to ensure free movement of the damper by checking the quality of the drive. If jams are found, they must be eliminated.
Compression and carburetor malfunctions
It so happens that the launch is carried out, but its process is significantly complicated. At the same time, the engine of the walk-behind tractor is extremely unstable and cannot develop power sufficient for normal operation.
The reason for this may be loss of compression, which can be identified by:
soot on the working surfaces of the valves, as well as the seats of the cylinder blocks;
deformation of the intake valve;
wear of the piston rings.
In order to restore compression, you must:
Check the technical condition of the engine timing mechanism, clean the parts contaminated with carbon deposits, and if there are any defects, replace them.
Check the condition of the piston rings and replace defective components.
If, during engine operation, black smoke comes out of the muffler, and an excess of oil is detected on the spark plug electrodes, or they themselves are covered with carbon deposits, this means that:
an oversaturated fuel mixture is fed to the carburetor;
the sealing of the carburetor fuel valve is broken;
the oil scraper ring of the piston is worn out;
the air filter is clogged.
To fix this problem, you should:
adjust the carburetor;
replace the leaky valve;
replace worn piston rings;
clean or replace a defective air filter.
In the event that, when the engine is running, light smoke comes out of the muffler, and the spark plug electrodes are dry and covered with a white coating, this means that a lean fuel mixture enters the carburetor. This problem is eliminated by adjusting the carburetor operation.
Units and components of motors that are installed on agricultural mini-machinery are exposed to significant loads. They can also fail during the operation of the unit, which will very quickly lead to serious failures.
If suspicious noises, jerks and irregularities in the operation of the walk-behind tractor systems are detected, it is very important to immediately turn off the engine, and then let it cool down - only after that it will be possible to fix the problem.
If, during operation, the motor starts to gain momentum on its own, i.e. is "running out", most likely this means that the fastening of the regulator and traction levers is loose. In this case, the user will have to readjust the motor control drive.
Sometimes, when the throttle is fully open, the engine does not accelerate when the throttle is pressed, but on the contrary begins to lose power until it stops completely. This is a clear sign of overheating, so the walk-behind tractor must be turned off and wait until its components have completely cooled down. After that, you should check the oil level in the crankcase, and also check the cleanliness of the ribbed surfaces of the blocks and cylinder heads.
Under increased engine loads, it can jam. There may be several reasons for this:
not enough oil in the crankcase;
a nadir formed on the lower head of the connecting rod;
the connecting rod or oil spray is completely out of order.
If the motor of the walk-behind tractor is jammed, it will have to be disassembled and the condition of the main units and components should be checked: faulty, deformed, melted, etc. subject to replacement.
What to do if the motor block motor works intermittently and does not develop the required power? There may be several reasons for this behavior:
Air does not enter the carburetor, which means that the fuel does not burn well - the filter will have to be cleaned or changed.
Fuel residues and combustion products form a thick deposit on the inner walls of the muffler, which must be removed.
In this case, the assembly will have to be removed, disassembled and properly cleaned all of its components. After that, the carburetor must be assembled and properly adjusted.
Wear of the cylinder-piston group.
Temperature and high loads do their job, and even the most durable metal wears out and deforms over time. Such parts should be replaced immediately, otherwise you can pay for this with irreparable damage in the engine itself.
Damaged ratchet housing or ratchet
The presence of this problem is indicated by the lack of movement of the crankshaft when the engine is started. To replace the clutch housing and ratchet, you will have to completely disassemble the starting block.
Loosen the screws securing the starter housing to the engine housing.
If the starter cord does not return to its original position, the starter motor must be adjusted. To do this, the screws are loosened and the position of the knot is set by hand so as to ensure the normal return of the cord.
A fairly common reason for the lack of a return stroke of the starter cord is the failure of the starter spring - it will have to be replaced.
The service life of any equipment is significantly increased by competent maintenance of its main units and components. The promptness of replacing worn-out spare parts is also of great importance. Therefore, in the event of the slightest malfunctions and malfunctions, they should be eliminated immediately - as a result, this will prevent much more serious and expensive problems.
VIDEO
Like any other equipment, the walk-behind tractor needs timely repair and maintenance. Naturally, it is best to entrust this business to professionals who have experience and all the necessary equipment at hand. However, you can handle most engine repairs yourself. And all the more you will be able to provide first aid to the motor in order to complete the agricultural work, and after that you can overhaul the device.
The main malfunctions of motoblocks
The first thing to pay attention to is that the service life of diesel engines differs from that of gasoline engines. The diesel engine will be able to provide as much as 4000 operating hours. Gasoline engines can deliver 1,500 hours. It is for this reason that the prices for diesel walk-behind tractors are much higher than the cost of gasoline models.
All breakdowns that can occur during the operation of the walk-behind tractor can be divided into two groups.
The first is engine failure (often, these are problems when starting it or frequent malfunctions).
The second category of malfunctions of motoblocks can be attributed to breakdowns of other mechanisms and assemblies
transmission malfunction
incorrect clutch operation,
chassis problems
breakdowns of automation and control
failure of various systems of the walk-behind tractor (chain lubrication, cooling, etc.)).
Correct diagnosis is the key to successful repair of a walk-behind tractor ... If we talk about maintenance, then regular maintenance helps to detect minor malfunctions, which over time can develop into serious breakdowns.
If you do not have enough experience, knowledge, inventory or materials for repair or maintenance of the motor, you should not try to do it on your own, it is better to trust the specialists.
Fuel supply problems.
If you cannot start the walk-behind tractor in any way and all your attempts are unsuccessful, it means that there are some malfunctions in the starting system or in the engine. First of all, you need to look at the candles. If they are dry, then the fuel does not reach the engine cylinder. There are several reasons for such breakdowns, from which the repair of the walk-behind tractor depends:
1) the fuel tank is out of fuel,
2) the fuel supply valve is closed,
3) the hole in the plug of the gasoline tank is clogged,
4) foreign objects have entered the fuel supply system.
In order to solve the problem of fuel supply, you need to act as follows:
We direct the tank of the walk-behind tractor, after which we open the fuel cock and clean the drain hole (it is located in the stopper of the gas tank).
Next, we remove the fuel cock and drain the gasoline from the tank.Thoroughly rinse the gas tank with clean gasoline.
The connecting hose, which is located next to the carburetor, must be removed and blown out using the fuel pump together with the carburetor jets without disassembling it.
If the fuel reaches the carburetor, but does not enter the cylinder, then the problem lies with the carburetor. In order to repair it, it must be removed, disassembled and thoroughly cleaned. After the node is assembled and installed in its place.
Before starting this work, it will not be superfluous to refresh your knowledge about the principle of the carburetor.
Malfunctions of engine systems when starting
If, after checking the candles, you find that they are still wet, then there are no problems with the fuel supply. However, the engine still won't start. We need a walk-behind tractor repair and, perhaps, the cause of the breakdown is the failure of the ignition system.
Ignition system malfunctions
1. There is carbon deposits on the spark plug electrodes (in this case, the spark plugs should be thoroughly cleaned with sandpaper, and then they must be rinsed with gasoline and dried).
2. The gap between the electrodes does not correspond to the value indicated by the manufacturer in the instruction manual for the motor (then you need to adjust the gap by bending the side electrode to the required size).
3. Damage to spark plug insulators or high-voltage wiring (they cannot be repaired, plugs or wiring must be replaced).
4. The "STOP" button turned out to be shorted to ground (in order to start the engine under normal conditions, this short circuit must be removed).
5. Violation of contacts in the squares of the candles (it is necessary to eliminate the malfunctions).
6. Inconsistency of the gap between the starter and the magnetic shoe with normal values (you need to adjust the gap).
7. Defects on the stator of the ignition system (in this case, the stator must be replaced).
Air leaks through the seals of the carburetor, spark plugs, spark plug heads and cylinders, as well as the carburetor and engine cylinder connections
If you find a leak in the connections, inspect the mounting bolts, tighten them and the spark plugs, and also check if the gaskets between the plug heads and the cylinders are intact.
The carburetor flap does not close completely
In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to ensure an easy movement of the damper and check the correct operation of the actuator. If there are seizures, they must be eliminated.
Compression and carburetor malfunctions
It happens that the engine starts, but starting it is accompanied by significant difficulties and takes a lot of effort. The motor is functioning poorly enough, it is not able to increase the optimal power. In this case, it is necessary to repair the walk-behind tractor, and one of the possible reasons for such a malfunction is loss of compression. It can be identified by the following features:
1. Soot is visible on the working surface of the valves and on the seats of the cylinder blocks.
2. The inlet valve is damaged or out of shape.
In order to restore compression, the following measures are taken:
Check the condition of the engine timing mechanism.
Thoroughly clean the carbon-stained parts or completely replace them if defects are found.
The condition of the piston rings is assessed and broken parts are replaced.
If, while the engine is running, thick black smoke comes out of the muffler, and the electrodes of the spark plugs are covered with soot, or there is too much oil on them, this can be a signal of such deviations:
1. Carburetor is getting too rich fuel mixture.
2. Its fuel valve is unpressurized.
3. The oil scraper ring is worn out.
4. It is necessary to clean the air filter because it is clogged.
To fix these problems, you should follow these steps:
Replace worn valve
Install new piston rings
Clean or replace the air filter.
If the smoke that comes out of the muffler during engine operation is light in color, and a white coating is visible on the spark plug electrodes, this is a signal that a poor concentration of fuel mixture has entered the carburetor. Such problems are solved with the help of carburetor settings.
Engine problems while the walk-behind tractor is running
Units and engine parts that are installed on agricultural motor vehicles lend themselves to a fairly large and heavy load. This leads to the fact that, due to overload, they can suddenly break down right in the process of performing a particular task. After a short enough time, it will lead to significant failures.
If, when working with a walk-behind tractor, you begin to hear suspicious noises that are completely uncharacteristic for your iron assistant; if it starts to work in jerks, or if you notice a malfunction in any of its systems, turn off the motor immediately. This means that repair of the walk-behind tractor is necessary. The engine should be given a little time to cool down. Only then can you start troubleshooting.
If, during operation, the engine began to automatically gain speed, going around, this may mean that it is worth paying attention to the fastening of the control levers and traction. It is likely that it has weakened. In such a situation, the owner of the walk-behind tractor will be forced to adjust the motor control drive.
It happens that the throttle is fully open, and when you press the throttle grip, the engine starts to lose power. The engine may even come to a complete stop. This is nothing more than a clear sign of the device overheating. In such a situation, you need to shut down the motor and wait a while for its components to cool down. Next, you need to check the oil level in the crankcase and check if the ribbed surfaces of the cylinder heads and blocks are dirty.
Excessive load on the motor leads to the fact that it can jam right during operation. There are several reasons for such malfunctions:
1. Too little oil in the crankcase.
2. A nadir has formed on the lower end of the connecting rod.
3. Broken connecting rod or oil spray.
In the event that the engine of the walk-behind tractor is jammed, it is necessary to disassemble it and evaluate all its main bridles and parts. All broken, deformed, melted parts need to be replaced.
Other problems that arise when starting the motor
What should be done if the motor block engine malfunctions and cannot develop optimal power?
There are several reasons for this motor behavior:
1. Dirty air filter. Blockages prevent air from entering the carburetor, resulting in poor fuel combustion. Because of this, you will have to frequently change and clean the filter.
2. Clogged muffler. The remainder of the fuel, together with the products of its combustion, create a fairly thick layer of plaque on the inner walls of the muffler. This plaque must be removed to successfully fix the problem.
3. Dirty carburetor. If you find this problem, remove the assembly as soon as possible and thoroughly clean all of its components. After performing this operation, you need to assemble the carburetor and adjust it.
4. The cylinder-piston group is worn out. This is due to the influence of temperature and too high loads, which even the most durable and high-quality metal cannot always withstand. Parts can wear out or change their shape. These components must be replaced immediately as this can cause irreversible damage to the engine.
5. Broken ratchet housing or ratchet. You can detect such a malfunction by observing the crankshaft when starting the engine. If the crankshaft does not move, the ratchet and clutch housing must be replaced. To do this, you need to completely disassemble the starting block.
6.Loose screws securing the starter housing to the motor housing. This kind of problem can be noticed when starting the motor. If the starter cord does not return to its original position, you need to adjust the starter. To do this, loosen the screws and position the knot so that the cord can return normally.
7. Breakage of the starter spring. One of the most common and common reasons why a starter cord will not return to its original position is a broken starter spring. To normalize the operation of the starter, it is necessary to replace this part.
Correct, timely and high-quality maintenance of the main units and parts of the walk-behind tractor engine is a guarantee that your equipment will be able to withstand a long operating period. It is also important to replace worn-out parts with new ones as soon as possible. Therefore, if you notice the slightest malfunctions or malfunctions in the engine of the walk-behind tractor, immediately start repairing the walk-behind tractor. After all, if you hesitate, it can develop into very serious damage, which will entail a breakdown and a simple walk-behind tractor.
The classical design diagram of an agricultural unit consists of certain elements. These include the following nodes:
Fuel system - it consists of a carburetor, a fuel tank equipped with a tap, an air filter and a fuel mixture supply hose;
Manual or electric starter. The second option is typical for professional cultivators. The starter is used to untwist the main shaft by means of a special rope;
Cooling systems - starts to work under the influence of the rotation of the crankshaft and provides cold air through the speed of the flywheel;
Ignition system - generates and supplies a spark in the cultivator structure;
Gas distribution system - supplies fuel to the engine cylinders and allows the release of waste recycled fuel.
Understanding what the spare parts for cultivators are responsible for will make it possible to quickly identify the breakdown and fix it on your own.
VIDEO
Since the motor is most susceptible to loads, it is with it that most of the breakdowns of the cultivator are associated. The main symptom of a breakdown is a sharp loss of engine power. In this case, you need to check:
Is the motor warmed up, especially if the cultivator is used in winter;
The presence of dirt in the air filter;
The quality of the fuel used;
Serviceability of the ignition system;
The presence of residues of combustion products inside the muffler;
The presence of contamination in the carburetor;
Integrity of the piston elements.
If the motor fails to start at all, experts advise checking its position. The fact is that if the motor is tilted in relation to the central axis, then it will need to be set in its original position and check the quality of attachment to the frame.
In addition, it is required to check the amount of fuel in the tank and blockages in the tank cap.
All cleaning procedures performed are aimed at restoring the uniformity of the carburetor float immersion. To do this, it is also necessary to eliminate the deformation of the bracket, by means of which the float is attached to the piston system.
The dive setting is done with both open and closed needle valves.Use a screwdriver to align the bracket. All manipulations must be clear and accurate.
Along with the elimination of deformation, it will also be necessary to adjust the valves of the cultivator.
To do this, check the tightness of each of them. Performing this procedure allows you to restore the functions of the carburetor and return the amount of fuel consumed by it to normal.
VIDEO
The cultivator engine plays the most important role in the design of the machine. Often it will not start due to a malfunctioning fuel pump.
The pump serves to supply the fuel mixture to the carburetor at a certain point in the cycle. If no fuel is supplied, then the engine will not start. The pump is defective in the following cases:
If the fuel supply to the engine injectors is interrupted;
In case of fuel leakage as a result of mechanical wear;
The appearance of strange noises during operation.
Video (click to play).
To fix the damage, the pump should be disassembled and inspected. It is possible that the engine will not start on the cultivator due to dirt inside the pump. In this case, the device will need to be cleaned and reinstalled.
