In detail: do-it-yourself attic repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
Additional living space is never superfluous, so if you live in a private house, you have a wonderful opportunity to acquire an additional room by making interior decoration and renovation of the attic. There are a lot of options for using this room, for example, you can make a personal office, a billiard room, a living room, or equip it in a gym. With the skills to repair, you will be able to do the finishing yourself. Usually, this work from and to takes from a week to a month, depending on the number of assistants and free time.
There are many options for the location of the walls. Two main methods that can be combined with each other are shown in the picture. Choosing the right option will depend on the shape of the roof slopes and the size of your attic space.
The first method is great for an attic space with a high roof and a low slope. You should also take into account the width of the attic space, usually this arrangement of walls is typical for a narrow or long room. With this arrangement, comfortable movement near the walls will be difficult due to the height, so this space is often used to install various furniture, cabinets and shelves.
The second method is carried out with the help of additional partitions and is used for roofs with a steep slope and medium width. Premises that are not included in the living area can be used as a storage room. The base of the partition is mainly made of wood and channels. But if your house has not yet been erected, and the attic is only planned, then it is possible to build a partition using brickwork. The dimensions of this type of attic will depend on the ceiling height you choose. For example, if the height from floor to ceiling is 2 meters, then the base of the partition at the point of contact (shown in the picture) drops to the floor at an angle of 90 degrees.
Video (click to play).
The interior decoration of the attic is made of wood or plasterboard. Woodgrain finish is very popular for such premises, with the help of wood you can achieve a very beautiful and sophisticated look. Plasterboard trim is less popular for the attic. After installation, the gypsum plasterboard is pasted over with wallpaper or painted with water-based paint. Also, the attic can be divided into two or more rooms, depending on the length, with the help of additional partitions, which will make it more convenient to use this room. It is possible to install built-in wardrobes, which diversify the design and save space.
Before starting finishing work, it is important to make the correct insulation, otherwise large heat losses are possible.
The first step is to make a waterproofing layer that will prevent moisture from entering and accumulating. Waterproofing materials are sold in rolls at any hardware store, so there will be no problems finding and buying them. They are fastened with an overlap between themselves in front of and after the insulation, using a construction stapler or rails driven in along the edges.
The choice of insulation itself is also varied, but mineral wool is most suitable. The gables are insulated using the same technology as the roof slopes. More detailed information about heaters and their fastening can be found here.
If you chose the first method of positioning the walls, then the insulating materials are laid in a thick layer between the supporting structure of the roof (rafters). But at the same time, a gap must be left between the insulation layer and the roof for air circulation.The insulation layer will consist of a waterproofing coating, insulation and another layer of waterproofing on top.
If you chose the second method of positioning the walls, then the installation of the insulation will depend on the material from which the partition was erected, as a rule, brick or wood. If your partition is made of brick, then the insulation is attached to both sides of the wall. Only a thick layer of insulation and waterproofing material are attached to the inner part of the wall. The front part is also finished with waterproofing material, then a small layer of insulation is laid, after which the finishing material (lining or drywall) is attached. In this case, it will not be necessary to insulate the attic from the inside, that is, the roof slopes. It will be enough to attach a waterproofing material to the slopes, which will protect against excess moisture.
In order to separate the living space, it is necessary to erect partitions. From the extreme beam of the base of the ceiling, boards are lowered to the floor, which will serve as the base of the partition. The minimum thickness of the board is 2 centimeters, and the width is from 10 centimeters. A large width is needed so that as much insulation as possible can be laid in the gaps. Then additional horizontal bars are installed. The place for installing the door is made in the same way with the help of horizontal and vertical bars, which are installed according to the required dimensions.
The reverse side of the partition is upholstered with boards with a small thickness, placed horizontally. The allowed board gap is 0.5 millimeters. Then, a waterproofing material is attached from the inside and thermal insulation is placed on top. When the insulation layer is ready, another waterproofing layer is installed. Next, the chosen material is installed (lining or drywall).
The base of the interior partition can be made either of wood or with the help of channels. The installation process for a wooden base is described above. The total width of such a partition is usually 10-15 centimeters.
Installing the base of the U-section partition is a little easier. On each side, a channel is attached to the wall using self-tapping screws. To get a level partition, do not forget to use a level. Inside this structure, a channel is lowered from the ceiling to the floor in increments of 50 to 100 centimeters. After that, horizontal channels are installed along the entire base with a step of 50 to 100 centimeters. If lining is used as a finishing material, then wooden bars are used, which are screwed to the channels with self-tapping screws. The partition structure is sheathed on one side with the selected finishing material. Plasterboard is attached directly to the metal structure and screwed with self-tapping screws in 15 centimeters increments. The lining is attached to horizontal bars with studs. Then a waterproofing coating and insulation are installed in the gaps, after which the other side is sheathed.
With the first method of positioning the walls, it is important to follow the order in which the work is performed. First of all, the roof slopes and gables are sheathed, only after that the ceiling is finished. For sheathing the roof slopes, bars are horizontally attached to the rafters with a step of 1 meter, after which horizontal bars are installed in the gaps.
Next, the drywall is measured according to the required dimensions and installed on the base. Plasterboard installation is very simple, but at the same time it is a very time-consuming process. After installation, it is necessary to putty all the cracks and holes from the screws.
Wood trim is very popular for attic spaces, and the installation of the lining is very simple. It is cut to the desired height and nailed to a wooden base with studs at the joints, so the head of the stud will be hidden.It is important after each sheet of the lining to check its position using a level, otherwise, due to a mistake made at the beginning, a strong skew may occur at the end of the wall. After installation, the lining is covered with several layers of varnish.
Insulation of the attic floor is carried out using heat-insulating materials laid over the entire area of the attic. The best insulating material is glass wool or rock wool, which fits tightly between the beams. The thickness of the insulation should be at least 10 centimeters. Also, do not forget about waterproofing, which will protect the room from excess moisture. The waterproofing layer is laid at the bottom and top of the heat-insulating layer. If, however, a monotonous slab acts as an overlap between the floors, then the floor screed will be the best insulation option.
The basis for the attic floor is a flooring made of planks that are stacked on beams. The board must be at least 4 centimeters thick. A gap is left between the boards and the insulation for air circulation. Coniferous boards (pine, spruce, fir, cedar, larch) are best suited as a base for the floor. Boards of these species, as a rule, have high strength and wear resistance and are easy to process. It is important that the boards are dry and do not have excess moisture, as they can dry out, as a result of which a large gap forms between them. It is recommended to treat the boards from the back side with various antiseptic agents that will protect your floor from rot, fungi, insects and increase fire resistance. If this is not done, then the floor may begin to deteriorate within a few years, and it will be problematic to replace it again.
The boards are laid on the lags. Initially, they should be laid for marking and aligned so that the gap between them does not exceed 2 millimeters. The gap from the wall should be at least one centimeter, this is done in order to avoid moisture from the wall on the boards.
For convenience, the boards are numbered. Then the first board is laid, which should be laid, observing all the necessary gaps, and then check its position using a level. If the board is laid in a crooked manner, the entire floor may eventually be skewed. Then the boards are stacked in order and nailed, the length of which will depend on the thickness of the board.
First of all, you need to decide on the height of the ceiling, the most optimal height for it is 2.2 meters. If you make the ceiling below this level, then it will be very uncomfortable to be in this room, especially for people with tall stature. Also, at a low height, it will be impossible to install tall furniture, for example, a cabinet.
After you have chosen the height that suits you, a measurement is taken from the floor to the row of rafters and a mark is made in the place where the required height is reached and touches the rafter. Then a bar is installed between the opposing rafters, which is initially attached to 1 nail on one side for further adjustment. On the other not fixed side, the bar is applied to the desired height mark and its position is additionally checked using a level. If the position of the bar is adjusted exactly, then it is attached at least two nails or self-tapping screws on each side. After you connect all the rafters together, the base of the ceiling is ready.
Further, for reliability and strength, additional transverse bars are nailed to the structure in increments of 50 to 100 centimeters. If you chose the second method of positioning the walls, as shown in the picture below, then vertical beams are released from the outer timber to the floor, which will serve as the base of the partition.
The finished ceiling structure is fully upholstered with boards with a small thickness or plasterboard. The gap between the boards should not exceed 0.1 mm.A waterproofing sheet is nailed on top of the boards and then a thick layer of insulation (glass wool or mineral wool) is laid.
There are a lot of different options for finishing the ceiling. If you decide to make the interior "wood-like", then you can do without further finishing and just varnish it. Also, if the height permits, you can order a stretch fabric, which forms a perfectly flat surface. It is also possible to install drywall, which will be attached to the base with self-tapping screws.
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Do-it-yourself attic finishing options, photos of which amaze with the non-standard nature of their architecture, must be studied before starting finishing work in the attic. An important difference between the attic and other rooms in the house lies in the arrangement of its walls. Rather, everyone decides for himself whether the walls or ceiling will be the roof slopes located on the sides of the room. It depends on the way of decoration and interior design.
In the attic, you can create a comfortable, stylish and functional space
If desired, even an ordinary attic with steep slopes reaching the very floors can be turned into an attic. To do this, it will be enough to build low walls on both sides. In this case, the inset of the ceiling windows and the decoration of the load-bearing beams of the rafter system would be an original and practical solution.
Related article:
House with an attic: photos, projects, layout features. Advantages, disadvantages and features of various layouts of the residential attic floor. Create a project yourself.
If you make high-quality insulation and decoration of the formed attic floor, then this will allow you to acquire several completely full-fledged rooms. It is necessary to formulate several principles that should be adhered to when carrying out insulation work:
slopes should be ideally protected from various precipitation and wind. They must withstand wide temperature drops;
the roof is insulated not only inside, but also outside. This gives a good guarantee that freezing and drafts can be avoided even in the most severe winter;
The attic room is equipped with a spacious children's playroom
as a warming finish for attic rooms, in addition to the insulation itself, drywall or magnesite and cement-bonded particle boards, which retain heat well, should be used;
the whole "pie" of insulation must contain an inner layer of vapor barrier and an outer layer of wind protection. This will prevent condensation from forming inside the walls and prevent wind from penetrating under the sheathing.
Elements of the rafter system can play a decorative role in the interior of the attic
Next, we will analyze each stage of finishing work in more detail.
To correctly make the floor in the attic, you will need to create a soundproof layer inside the floor. For this purpose, any soundproofing material can be used. Mineral wool copes well with this task. Mattresses from it are laid out between the floor beams, not forgetting to first spread the film on them. The thickness of the mineral wool can be from 5 to 10 cm. Expanded clay, granular foam insulation or polystyrene chips are well suited. These measures also insulate the attic floor.
You can use vinyl tiles to decorate the floor in the children's room.
Useful advice! Do not use foam as sound insulation. It absorbs sounds poorly, but is popular with mice, which chew it with pleasure and make nests in it.
A subfloor should be laid on top of the beams. If the beams are less than 40 cm apart, then you can lay plywood, particle board or other similar sheet material directly on them. If the beams are far away, then you must first lay boards (unedged) on them with a thickness of at least 3.5 cm. The main condition is that the subfloor should not bend when walking. Already on them the same plywood is screwed onto self-tapping screws.
Insulated linoleum is perfect for arranging the floor in the attic.
Do-it-yourself attic finishing options (photo proof of this) imply the use of a wide variety of finishing floor coverings. You can use all the same materials as in ordinary rooms: laminate, linoleum, carpet and even ceramic tiles (if a bathroom or kitchen will be located in the attic).
To install parquet or laminate flooring, a special underlay must first be laid on the floor, which will not only provide the softness of the floating floor, but also provide additional sound insulation. For laying the tiles, a cement screed device is required with the obligatory use of a reinforcing mesh.
Finishing the attic floor with laminate
Partly or completely, the walls of the attic room are the roof. If the house is initially built with an attic, then the insulation should be carried out immediately after the construction of the rafter system. To do this, boards or plywood are hemmed from below to the rafter legs, and a vapor barrier membrane is placed on top of them.
This must be done correctly by reading on the packaging which side it should be laid on. Insulation is laid on top of the membrane, fastened, and lathing slats under the roofing material are nailed onto the rafter legs. All this is covered with a windproof film and the roof is mounted.
A complete studio apartment in the attic of a private house
As a result, the roof slopes will have good thermal insulation. In another version, the attic finishing with your own hands (the photo will not let you cheat) is done after the construction of the house. In this case, the insulation is hemmed from the inside, and walls are made of plasterboard, plywood or other sheet material on it. Insulation of the gable walls of the attic is carried out in the same way.
Wide plastic windows provide natural sunlight in the attic
When decorating the walls in the attic with plasterboard, we win many times over, since it allows you to immediately level and insulate the walls, it is easy to handle and install, it can be decorated with any finishing material, even wallpaper. In addition, drywall allows you to create various architectural "excesses" such as niches, arches and columns. The technology of finishing the attic with GKL sheets is no different from the method of finishing any other room.
Using drywall, you can create perfectly flat surfaces of walls and ceilings
One of the mainstream trends in the design of the attic floor is finishing it with eurolining. Although this is one of the oldest ways, it has not lost its relevance among modern designers. If you initially plan to sheathe the attic floor with wood, then you do not need to create walls from drywall.
It will be enough to hem the boards to the rafters close to each other. It is even better if they have a groove and a ridge, like a floor strip. In this case, the lining can be fixed directly to the walls without erecting an additional frame.
Heat-insulating material can be mounted under drywall sheets
The richness of options for wood decor allows you to use the lining in a completely different way:
painting lining boards with light tones mixed with dark ones will very effectively highlight this decorative cladding in the interior;
if you use a block house, then you can very gracefully divide the room into different zones. In this case, the visible details of the rafter system can contrast with the walls.They can be stained with the most suitable color shade;
Attic wall decoration with decorative MDF panels
Wallpaper with silk-screen printing on a plywood base along the entire wall will be very appropriate. This decoration must be framed with decorative molding;
antique furniture "semi-antique" is especially effectively combined with similar walls.
Useful advice! Is your interior a little boring? It can be revived by decorative stone, which can be used to decorate a small fragment of the wall.
The walls of the attic are papered and faced with PVC panels
For some, fastening the euro lining to the frame is preferable to other do-it-yourself attic finishing options. Photos of this process can consistently illustrate the procedure for carrying out all the work:
we buy the lightest types of lining, which include: maple, ash, fir, spruce. This will visually increase the space slightly;
we will need slats 5-15 cm wide;
we connect them together with a ready-made groove and a ridge;
Wooden lining is an environmentally friendly material, it is suitable for decorating children's rooms
before starting installation on the walls, we stuff the frame from a 15x45 mm rail through an interval of 50 cm;
we fasten the lining with special brackets or small nails to the correctly built frame;
then we cover the surface of the rails with a protective film. For these purposes, we use varnish, stain or mastic.
Euro lining in combination with elements of the rafter system in the attic
Useful advice! To slightly dilute the completely monotonous interior of the Euro-lining walls, you can use MDF paneling. They create harmony in the interior, warmth and durability. Particularly effective is the bottom of the wall, which is decorated with MDF with a cork coating, and it is better to make wooden baseboards and all kinds of slats a little darker.
The walls and ceiling of the attic are lined with plastic panels
As we can see, there are numerous options for decorating the attic with your own hands. Photos of many of them tell us that we can do this too. The main thing here is to show imagination and accuracy. At the same time, do not forget about the recommendations that we gave you. It is the decoration of the attic inside that will expand the territory to a light and spacious personal office, an excellent billiard room, gym or living room.