This is done for safety reasons, so that during operation the nut does not unwind under the influence of the vibration of the machine, which is fraught with flying off the abrasive wheel and injury.
Finally, it remains to mount the electric grinder to a permanent place and supply electricity. Emery from the engine from the Baby is ready.
Emery can be made not only from a suitable electric motor that is available. To do this, you can adapt a power tool - it can be an electric drill or a screwdriver.
The latter is less suitable for these purposes: it has insufficient power and a short battery life.
A sharpening stone is fixed in it, and then clamped into a cartridge. It remains to fix it to a fixed base using a special mount, which can be bought at a store that sells power tools. With the help of such an electric grinder, you can fix an ax, sharpen a kitchen knife or refuel a drill.
When making power tools yourself, you should strictly follow safety precautions. If industrial units are equipped with protective equipment, then in self-made devices you will have to make them yourself. You should be aware that the operation of the sharpener from the engine of the washing machine without protective cover prohibited. It can be made from sheet metal 2.5 mm thick.
The working wheel experiences strong vibration during sharpening. To prevent the destruction of emery during operation, when installing a stone, cardboard gaskets are placed under the metal washers. You should also make sure that the disc is not cracked.
During work, you should stand to the side of the circle so that if it breaks, fragments do not fly into the operator.
VIDEO
DIY horizontal emery (photo, drawings)
I bring to your attention a horizontal emery that can be made at home.
Faced with the problem of sharpening cutters for wood carving, I found this way out. By placing the emery wheel horizontally, rather than vertically as with most emery, I gained greater access to the entire surface of the wheel.
Fig. 1 Horizontal emery - drawing
The horizontal emery is made (Fig. 1) from the engine 4, which is fastened with screws to the textolite base 2 and is closed by a plywood case 3 in which the capacitor is also located 5. An emery stone 1 is attached directly to the motor shaft 4.
I took the motor for horizontal emery from an old "Mayak" type tape recorder or something similar to it. Frankly, I was not chasing high power and revs, since emery was needed to sharpen the cutters for wood carving. Although now I refuel all the knives on it.
I use vulcanite (rubber-sand alloy) as an emery stone.
A functional grinder is not averse to having many household people at hand. Equipment of this type from a good manufacturer is not cheap. It is not at all necessary to spend money on the purchase of a new machine, since it is quite possible to make emery with your own hands, spending a minimum of money and effort.
Among the many power tools needed in the household, emery takes pride of place in demand. It will come in handy in the garage for sharpening knives, in the country; will prove to be indispensable for any artisan person.
Guided by the photo and video materials in the article, having the necessary set of materials and tools, with minimal skills, you can easily make homemade emery. The design of the future machine will include: an emery stone (sharpener), a support frame, an auxiliary table, and electrical equipment.
The task: how to make emery with your own hands, will greatly simplify the presence in the household of an old washing machine with a working electric motor. The operating characteristics of the electric motor should be as follows: voltage - 220 volts, power - 370 watts, speed - 2800 rpm. Dismantling the engine from a washing machine that has become unnecessary, you can solve the problem of providing the future emery with an electric drive.
To make a sharpener, you need to have the following list of materials and structural elements available.
1. A set of electrical equipment:
capacitor for starting the engine (you can use the one that was in the washing machine);
switch;
wires;
plug with cable.
flange for attaching an emery wheel;
grinding wheel for a sharpener (as an option, you can purchase several wheels with different grades of grain);
a piece of galvanized sheet metal.
3. Materials for the support frame:
2 corners;
a section of a pipe with a large rectangular section;
2 pipe sections with a smaller rectangular section;
rubber shock absorbers.
4. Materials for the side table:
2 metal plates;
a piece of square pipe;
a set of bolts, nuts.
5. Supporting materials:
Of the tools, devices for making emery, it is advisable to acquire:
an angle grinder with a cut-off wheel for metal and a brush for cleaning metal;
welding machine;
a drill with a set of drills;
a set of files;
in a vice;
screwdriver;
a set of keys;
tape measure;
hammer;
ruler;
pencil;
brushes.
1. Initially, it is necessary to determine the dimensions of the future emery machine, develop its diagram, drawings of structural elements. If you wish, you can use the drawings published in the article. The dimensions of the future emery must be adjusted to the dimensions of the available electric motor.
2. It is advisable to order in a lathe a special flange for attaching an emery wheel to the motor shaft with a set of fastening nuts, since the independent production of this element requires special machines, as well as relevant professional experience.
3. Manufacturing of the support frame.
3.1. Using an angle grinder, on the wide edge of a large rectangular pipe, according to the drawing, a groove should be cut into which the condenser will subsequently be placed. Also, you will need to cut out the corresponding recesses in the corners for the future installation of the electric motor.
3.2. From the available pipe blanks, corners, it is necessary to weld the frame using a welding machine.
3.3. Using a drill, you need to drill a specified number of holes for mounting the washing machine motor.
4. Manufacturing of an auxiliary table.
4.1. On the horizontal surface of one of the metal plates, it is required to drill longitudinal grooves with a drill, which will serve as guides for moving the table to a certain working position. The surface of the second (top) plate is left smooth.
4.2. With the help of a welding machine, the table elements are welded: 2 metal plates, a square pipe.
5. Due to the bolted connection, the table is fastened to the frame.
6. Using a metal brush attached to the "grinder", all roughness and irregularities of the resulting structure are cleaned.
7. All metal parts of the structure are covered with metal paint.
8. Rubber shock absorbers are attached to the lower part of the frame with self-tapping screws.
9. The electrical circuit is being assembled, the switch is fixed to the frame.
10. A protective apron is made from a piece of galvanized sheet and mounted on the engine.
11. A complete assembly of the sharpener structure is performed, with the connection of all electrical elements. The collected emery is ready for use.
The process of self-manufacturing of a grinding machine is guaranteed to be simple, even for a person who has little skills in working with metal and has basic knowledge of electrics. Such emery will become a good auxiliary equipment for every household person who prefers to solve everyday problems on his own.
Of course, you have heard more than once about the benefits of emery in the household, even if you are not a fan of DIY crafts. Indeed, in every home there are knives, scissors and other piercing and cutting tools that require sharpening from time to time. But the price of emery in most outlets will not please you! So why not consider making this incredibly useful tool yourself?
Many people use drills to make holes in metal with a drill press or drill. After a certain time, the drill begins to get very hot and drill worse, due to the fact that it is dull. And all this happens quite quickly if you drill with a drill at high speeds. There are cases when the drill breaks off in the middle, if it is "bitten" at the exit from the metal, and the part was not fixed at the same time.
Accordingly, working with a blunt instrument is one torment. Nowadays, few people remember how tool grinders with small portable sharpeners used to go home and sharpen all kinds of tools, including knives. Nowadays, you can, of course, go to the store, buy a completely new tool with a factory sharpening, and you can also sharpen a drill at home.
To sharpen drills, you should use a purchased sharpener, and you can also sharpen with your own hand-made emery. The sharpening machine is a necessary and irreplaceable thing in the household. It sharpens almost any tool, and can also be used for sanding wood.
Every tool shop sells electric emery. Quite a large selection of them. You can buy both a very small sandpaper in order to correct dull cutting tools, and a fairly powerful grinding machine, with which you can grind off a large layer of metal from any part.
The best purchase would be a double-sided electric sandpaper, on one side of which there is a finishing one, and on the other a rough grinding wheel. To prevent injury, these circles must have protective covers - in case of destruction or damage to the circle when the engine is running. It is also desirable that the electric sharpener has adjustable working stops for the tools being sharpened and spark-proof shields with protective glass.
Quite convenient are electric emery, in which the rotation speed is regulated. When removing a large layer, you need to use an increased speed, and the very "fine-tuning" of the cutting edge is better done at low speeds. This will exclude, of course, metal burning. From time to time, when sharpening the tool, it is necessary to cool it in a bath of water.
Every man may have an engine from household appliances in his hands, and the question of how to make emery with his own hands from improvised materials immediately begins to huddle in his head. For this, all kinds of electric motors are used, on the shaft of which they install nozzles specially turned on a lathe, which are designed to clamp the emery wheel.
For this purpose, they usually use engines from old-made washing machines, such as Volga, Riga, Siberia, Vyatka, etc. On such machines, the engines are quite powerful and reversible. Also, from such washing machines, switches with a starter are used.
Despite the fact that it seems quite simple, it is not at all easy to assemble a homemade emery from an engine from a Soviet washing machine. For example, one of the main questions is how to put a whetstone on the motor shaft. There is not always a thread there, and the diameter of the hole in the stone may not coincide with the diameter of the shaft.
Therefore, a special chiseled part is needed that would compensate for this disparity. To make homemade emery with your own hands, you need to know its future parameters. In most cases, induction motors are usually used for making emery at home.
For emery, the maximum revolving is considered to be about 3000 rpm. The sharpening stone can simply burst at very high speeds. It is best to use a 1000-1500 rpm engine at home.If a 3000 rpm electric motor is to be used, a fairly strong stone must be present and a quality flange made. Most often, high engine speeds are used not for sharpening, but for polishing products.
In order to make emery with your own hands, it is not necessary to use powerful electric motors for such purposes. Although experienced craftsmen say that 400 W is an acceptable power for a homemade grinding machine, and an engine with a power of about 100 - 200 W from a Soviet washing machine is enough for home use. Of course, he is a little resourceful, but this is very good.
You can use three-phase and single-phase electric motors to make emery with your own hands. Both are included in a single-phase network. The device is connected to a single-phase network through a capacitor.
To connect the engine and the stone, you need to grind the flange. For such purposes, it is best to turn to a turner with an emery drawing, the dimensions of the inner diameter of the stone and the diameter of the motor shaft. And the rest is a matter of technology and the availability of scrap materials.
You will have to grind the flange itself, which is pushed onto the shaft, and is also fixed with a bolt, and a nut, and a washer with a left-hand thread. You also need to take into account that a thread is cut on the nut and flange, depending on the direction of rotation of our electric motor shaft. If clockwise rotation occurs, then the thread must be left-handed, if suddenly the opposite is true - the thread must be right-handed. During the operation of the tabletop emery, the emery nut will spontaneously tighten. If this factor is neglected, the nut will work for untwisting, and therefore the stone can fly off. And, of course, this is extremely dangerous.
What can you do if there is no way to make point bushings of a certain diameter? In this case, pieces of pipes of a suitable diameter can come in handy, and the gaps between the bushings and the engine shaft can be compensated for by winding fabric-type electrical tape between the bushings. It is also possible to slide the sleeves one on top of the other.
In this case, the most important thing when winding the electrical tape is to maintain uniformity in order to avoid the formation of large beats during rotation. The sleeve is made from a pipe with a diameter of 32 millimeters, equal to the inner diameter of the emery wheel. An emery wheel is put on it directly, which could sit with an interference fit without reeling.
Such a bushing system sits quite tightly on the shaft. But with the help of a bolt and washers, fixation is required. At home, you can cut threads in the shaft with a tap, while holding the motor shaft in a vise. In this case, it is necessary to determine the hole diameter correctly for the thread.
Before making an emery at home, you need to find out the direction of its work. In DIY emery, you can change the direction of rotation of the rotor. If, for example, the motor is from a washing machine, then it is asynchronous, that is, when switching the corresponding windings, you can change the direction of rotation. Also, in motors from household appliances of old production, there are 3 - 4 outputs. For example, with 4 pins, it will not be difficult to change the direction of rotation.
For these purposes, we find the starting and working winding using a tester. The resistance level of the working winding, as a rule, is 12 ohms, and the starting winding is close to 30 ohms. The working winding is connected to a 220 W network, and the starting winding is connected reliably with one end to one terminal of the coil, and the other end must be briefly touched to the second terminal of the winding and then immediately discarded (usually special relays are used for this). If you are using a capacitor motor, then the connection diagram will be different.
This means that your emery will rotate in one direction, and if, for example, you change the terminals of the starting winding in places, then the motor will rotate accordingly in the opposite direction.It is possible, in principle, to do without a starting coil, in this case, after turning on the working winding in the network, you need to turn the abrasive stone in a certain direction, and the machine will then work.
After you've made your homemade emery, you need to figure out how to install it correctly on the workbench. This is done with a bracket that can also be removed from the washing machine and bolted to the workbench. The engine, on the other hand, rests on an angle that keeps it horizontal and also has a cutout that completely follows the shape of the engine body. To reduce vibration, an edging made of a rubber piece of hose is put on the corner.
To avoid injury from the saw and flying debris of the abrasive wheel when working on a do-it-yourself grinder, it is necessary to make a cover. It is best to make it from thicker metal - 2 - 2.5 millimeters. It can be a strip of metal rolled into a half-ring.
Under the working body of the emery, you directly need to screw a small piece of galvanized sheet iron, which will protect the workbench from sparks during operation. All work for your own safety must be carried out in special glasses or use other protection.
Plexiglas, 5 millimeters thick, can be used as devices for emery. Such glass is attached to the engine casing using hinges, it can be folded 180 degrees. Also, for the usefulness of the machine, it is necessary to make a hand-hand to stop the workpiece.
Of course, there is no doubt about the benefits of an electric sharpener! After all, you will not use a new ax or drill every time. Yes, and buying emery for this is somehow expensive. But there is a way out, you just have to spend a little time and collect the emery with your own hands. Follow our instructions carefully, provide the necessary protection for the machine and do not neglect the safety requirements during operation.
Do you have an old washing machine that cannot be repaired? Do not rush to get rid of it, from this article you will learn how to make emery from the engine of a washing machine.
A homemade sharpener from a motor will always come in handy on the farm and for household needs. Moreover, in stores, industrial emery is expensive, while a grinding machine from an automatic washing machine will cost free.
An emery machine is useful for such work:
Restoration of the cutting qualities of the drill. In order not to buy new drills, you need to know how to sharpen old ones. While working with a drill, the drill gets very hot, which is why it constantly becomes blunt. By re-sharpening it on the machine, you can use it many more times.
Sharpening of knives, scissors, shovels and other tools. Thanks to the self-made machine from the washing engine, your knives will always be sharpened, and the scissors will cut perfectly. This does not require much effort.
If you replace the emery wheel with a polishing wheel, you can easily process products and parts.
Using a washing machine motor, you can make a sharpening machine with your own hands. To do this, you have to buy only one part - an emery wheel. All other components are in the motor.
Wondering which engine you can use? You can use any motor from a washing machine, even the brands "Vyatka", "Riga" or "Volga". The main thing is that it has sufficient power.
For normal operation of the grinder, a power of 100-200 W is enough, with 1000-1500 rpm. For particularly large parts, a 400 W motor is suitable. But if the engine speed reaches 3000 rpm, it needs to be adjusted or a very durable disc must be installed.
To make a simple grinder, you will need:
washing machine motor;
flange;
sleeve;
electric motor attachment (emery wheel);
casing for protection;
support;
starting device.
When buying, it is better to choose a product with two circles: a finishing and a rough version.
You also need to make an adapter with a flange. Since the size of the shaft does not match the grindstone hole, an adapter must be made. You can make it on a lathe, having previously determined the dimensions and completing the drawing. On the diagram, it is necessary to note the diameter of the shaft and the hole of the emery.
The flange on the shaft can be made by yourself. A piece of pipe with a diameter of 32 mm, no more than 200 mm in length, will do. It should fit perfectly on the motor shaft. There is a thread on one side of the flange, the direction of which depends on the direction of movement of the shaft. When sent to the motor, the other end of the flange is heated and pressed.
Be sure to fix the flange after installation. This can be done by welding or bolting by drilling the flange with the shaft.
The shaft adapter is ready. It remains to install an element for sharpening the cutters.
For a homemade device, a belt-driven motor is useful.
It remains to assemble the device correctly. After installing the flange, slide the nut and washer onto the shaft, then a large emery wheel and again the nut and washer.
How to connect a motor to a washing machine:
Using a multimeter tester, look for the tachogenerator wires that show a resistance of 70 ohms (they are usually white). We will not use them.
There are four wires left. Using a multimeter, you need to identify the paired wires.
Connect the wires leading to the stator and to the electric brushes. The remaining wires must be connected to a wire and a plug at the end, and then connected to the network.
The joints must be insulated.
Immediately after connecting, the motor for home emery will start working, and you will be able to appreciate the functionality of the device.
Connecting the electric motor of Soviet-made washing machines differs from the previous version.
You will only find 4 wires here. We need to find the paired ones.
Take a multimeter, measure the readings of each of the wires. You need paired wires with less resistance that go to the working winding.
Connect these wires to the plug and connect to the network.
Now you need to make a trigger. Any button can be used, for example, from a door lock. Connect one wire from the button to the starting wire (PO), and the other to the working wire (OV).
The motor is now connected. But before starting work, you need to thoroughly fix the machine in order to avoid an emergency.
How to fix an emery machine and put protection on it? You can screw it to the workbench.
To do this, use the bracket that is in the washing machine. To reduce vibration during operation, rubber gaskets are put on the corner, which can be made from a piece of hose.
If installing the device on a wooden workbench, cover it with a sheet of metal on top to avoid fire.
For your own protection while using the machine, install a metal arc above the disc. You can also increase the protection by attaching 5 mm plexiglass to the pendants. Thanks to the pendants, the glass can be raised and lowered.
It is not difficult to make a grinding machine yourself. The main thing is to fix and connect it correctly. Also adhere to safety rules when working, use safety glasses and special clothing.
Emery is a useful thing in the household. It is very convenient for them to sharpen metal knives, scissors, drills, shovels and other tools. You can buy a similar device in stores, there is a great choice of them. However, the price can force, refuse such an acquisition.Therefore, you can try to make emery with your own hands from an engine from an old washing machine.
To carry out such work, you need to have a good idea of how the emery works, what parts it consists of. The simplest version of emery has:
engine;
sleeve;
flange;
starting device;
emery wheel;
protective cover;
electrical cable and plug;
support.
Of all the parts listed, you will need to purchase a quality emery wheel. All other details can be done by hand, this will be discussed further.
If there is no factory flange suitable for the diameter, then we do it ourselves. We take a piece of metal pipe, the diameter of which is such that the pipe is easily and firmly pressed onto the motor shaft, usually a pipe with a diameter of 32 mm is suitable. The length of the steel pipe should not exceed 150-200 mm, this will be enough to fix the emery wheel on it.
So, at one end of the pipe, using a tap, we make a thread approximately twice the length of the circle's thickness. After that, the second end of the pipe must be well heated, for example with a blowtorch and put on the shaft. You can fix the self-made flange by welding, if possible, or with a bolt, drilling through the flange and shaft for this.
Important! The thread on the flange must be opposite to the rotation of the motor shaft from the washing machine so that the emery disc does not fly off during rotation. If the thread was cut incorrectly, then on the asynchronous motor you will have to change the course of rotation of the shaft.
The transitional part from the engine to the emery wheel is ready, now we screw the nut onto the thread, then the washer. After the washer, we put on a grinding wheel, which we secure with a washer and a nut. Tighten the nuts well, for strength you can screw another lock nut at the end.
For self-assembly of emery, the master recommends taking engines from such Soviet-era washing machines as the Volga, Oka or Vyatka. This is explained by the fact that the engines on them are powerful. In general, a motor with a power of about 200 W at 1000-1500 rpm is sufficient, although a 400 W motor at 3000 rpm can also be used to make household emery with your own hands. But at the same time, the emery stone must be very durable, otherwise it will collapse at such speeds.
A very important stage in the manufacture of emery is the connection of the engine to the electrical network. This requires an electrical wire and plug. The connection of the engine from the washing machine and the engine from the Soviet washing machine is slightly different. In a motor from a six-wire automatic machine, you only need 2 wires going to the motor brushes and 2 wires from the stator. The remaining 2 wires are the tachometer wires.
To find these wires, you need to take a multimeter. Measuring the resistance of the wires, we find the wires of the tachometer, their resistance is about 70 Ohms and we remove them to the side. The resistance of the remaining wires is determined in pairs. Now we connect one stator wire to the wire from the brushes, insulating the connection with electrical tape. The remaining two wires are connected to an electrical wire with a plug at the end.
Important! For such a motor, no capacitor is required, it will begin to rotate immediately after plugging into the outlet.
To connect an engine from a Soviet washing machine, you need to determine from 4 wires which are working and which are starting:
We take a multimeter and apply a probe to one wire, alternately apply the second probe
Then we measure the resistance of the second pair of wires.
We select the working winding, in this case, this is the pair of wires, the resistance of which turned out to be lower.
Now we connect the wires of the working winding directly to the electrical wire with a plug.You can leave it that way, but then to start the engine, you need to turn the emery circle with your hand and it will start to rotate. You can use the bell button as a trigger. How to connect it to the circuit with your own hands? It is necessary to connect one wire of the button to the working winding through the terminal, and the second to the starting one. The diagram on the right shows how to connect a homemade emery cloth from the engine through a button, where SB is a button, OV is a working winding, and software is a starting winding.
For your information! You should not use a capacitor as a starting device, it will lead to the combustion of the winding.
Be careful when working with a do-it-yourself electrician. If you are in doubt about your capabilities, contact someone who "speaks to you" with a multimeter and understands how to connect a homemade emery cloth to the network correctly. You can also find a video instruction on connecting the engine on the Internet or watch this video.
VIDEO
For safety reasons, you can attach a metal arc over the emery disc, which will protect against particles flying during operation. Moreover, be sure to wear safety goggles when working with emery.
Thus, it is not difficult to make emery from a washing machine engine with your own hands, please be patient, read the tips carefully, watch the video. In addition to emery, you can make a homemade wind generator, concrete mixer and other useful household items from the engine and other parts of the machine. This is described in the article What to make from an old washing machine.
Video (click to play).
VIDEO
