In detail: do-it-yourself repair of plastic water pipes from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
The repair of plastic pipes may often be required if consumables of insufficient quality were used during the installation of the pipeline, or if the installation of the network was carried out unprofessionally.
In any case, it will take some effort to restore the pipeline to work. We will show you with our advice and recommendations how to avoid the same mistakes.
Damaged plastic pipe
Repair must begin with an external examination and diagnosis of the damaged area. The quality, speed and cost of future repairs will directly depend on the type of defect.
There are several main types of damage to plastic pipes:
Full or partial pipe rupture.
Local damage.
Crumpled plastic pipe.
Occurrence of leaks in various pipeline reins.
Consider the features and methods of eliminating each of these types of damage.
Although plastic is mostly superior in technical and operational characteristics to cast iron and steel pipes, in terms of strength to external impacts, it is still far from the most resistant material.
Like leaks in pipeline nodes, this type of damage occurs most often, while it has the following features:
The occurrence of ruptures is usually associated with careless work carried out near the location of the pipeline route. For example, the outer pipe can be accidentally caught by an excavator while digging a trench nearby, a domestic-type plastic pipe can be damaged by a heavy object falling on it, etc.
The predisposition of pipes to accidents of this type is explained by the lack of measures that would provide for the protection of pipes from external influences.
Video (click to play).
Repair of plastic pipes in this case includes the following:
The emergency section must be replaced with a section of a whole pipe, the working pressure of which is comparable to the working pressure in the pipeline.
When repairing the pipeline, the section is arranged by means of two electrically welded couplings.
Mechanical fastening couplings can also be used. They are usually used in highly complex installations such as underwater installations.
Plastic pipe repair technology
The use of electro-welded type couplings, as a rule, is cheaper, while the quality and reliability of such a connection is almost always higher.
Local damage is understood as a defective hole in the pipe, the diameter of which does not exceed 50 mm.
Eliminate local damage in the following way:
Prepare the pipe and the place of damage for repair - dehydrate the pipe and clean it.
An electrowelded plug (reinforcing plate) of the appropriate size is prepared, which will be cheaper in comparison with replacing a section of a plastic pipeline or using two electrowelded couplings.
The lining is welded over the damage.
When a plastic pipe collapses, often no special measures are required to eliminate it. Deformation of a pipe is not always an indication of a violation of the integrity of the pipeline.
This is often caused by local mechanical factors, eliminating which and returning the pipe to operation, the plastic pipe will eventually level out under the influence of internal pressure and its own rigidity.
If the collapse is not eliminated on its own and at the same time interferes with the normal flow of the working fluid, the collapsed section of the pipeline will need to be replaced.
Remember that the presence of scratches or cracks on the pipe surface, the depth of which is more than 10% of the total wall thickness, indicates the need to replace the section of the plastic pipe.
Plastic pipes: repair by applying electrofusion to the damaged area
Causes of leaks:
Most often, at the joints of pipes and pipeline nodes made of plastic, it occurs not due to damage to pipes and nodes, but due to violations of the technology for making welded joints.
Typically, a leak is the result of an unsuccessful repair and appears almost immediately during testing (trial commissioning of the pipeline). The reason for this may be, for example, the water supply not completely shut off in the pipe during the welding of electrofusion couplings.
A leak at the junction of the plastic pipe connection indicates that gross mistakes were made during the butt welding process.
In addition, leaks can occur if inappropriate materials were used during the construction of the pipeline, both in quality and in technical characteristics. For example, when inspecting an outdoor pipeline requiring repair, one or more compression fittings may be found buried in the ground, while plastic pipe fittings of this type are designed exclusively for outdoor use.
The method of eliminating a leak in a pipe is to repeat the repair, only in accordance with all the rules and technology.
Joining elements of a household plastic pipeline by a welded method
A clean and dry pipe is the key to successful welding (soldering) of plastic pipes. Only with mechanical methods of connecting pipes, water can not be an obstacle. If it penetrates into the welding zone during heating, then steam is formed, which creates excessive pressure, which, in turn, can lead to a violation of the fusion of the plastic, which will make the connection of insufficient quality and unsuitable for use.
If it is not possible to completely shut off the water flow, simply loosen the bolts at the flange connection of the pipe with the valve. In this case, water will flow into the well, and not into the pipe cavity.
To make the need to repair plastic pipes as rare as possible, it is necessary to initially correctly perform pipe connections and pipe laying. In addition, the materials used must fully comply with the operating conditions of the line.
The sewerage, heating, and plumbing systems of most apartments and private houses mainly consist of steel and cast iron water pipes. Everyone knows that both steel and cast iron are iron-based alloys that corrode over time. Therefore, sometimes there are situations associated with leaking pipes due to damage of this kind. In other cases, pipes may leak as a result of mechanical stress or improper operation. Such situations lie in wait for the owners of pipelines mounted on the basis of plastic pipes.
If a pipe burst, do not panic, it is enough to know the simplest ways to eliminate such malfunctions.
In any pipeline, leaks may occur on straight sections, at the joints of pipes of the same or different diameters, as well as at the points where the pipeline is connected to the equipment.
As a rule, the installation of the sewerage system is made with cast-iron pipes. Such pipelines are under low pressure, so this type of leakage is quite easy to eliminate.
One of the fastest methods is the application of a bandage of cement mortar and bandage. Do-it-yourself pipe repair is carried out in the following order:
stir the cement with water until a homogeneous mass with the consistency of thick sour cream is obtained;
soak the bandage in this solution;
wrap the problem area with a bandage several times. Moreover, each new turn should overlap the previous one by a quarter;
the procedure is repeated, achieving 3-4 layers of the bandage.
The bandage will help to seal the leak in the pipe - Photo 03
After the end of the day, the sewer can be used again. This solution creates a very strong connection, so this method can be applied to steel water pipes. You should not only use it in the places of threaded connections, which will be problematic to disassemble after the composition has completely set. The combination of bandage-cement can be replaced with epoxy glue and fiberglass, in which case careful surface preparation is required.
The bandage can also be applied using assembly tape or a strip of soft rubber, which is tightly wrapped around the pipe. The rubber is additionally fixed with clamps or wire. This method also has a significant disadvantage - the impossibility of imposing a bandage in the case of a tight fit of the pipe to the wall. With this arrangement, you can apply a patch or caulk a crack.
Any pipe, including plastic, can be repaired by applying a patch. To eliminate the leakage, water is drained from the pipeline section. Further, the place of leakage is cleaned from old paint and rust. Cleaning can be done with a wire brush and sandpaper. Then the defective area is dried and degreased. Next, epoxy resin and a patch of fiberglass are applied to the problem area. Make sure that the glue penetrates the material of the patch, and then gives it an aesthetic appearance. If necessary, the place of repair is strengthened by additionally wrapping it on top with mounting tape. After 24 hours the pipeline is ready for operation.
Rubber patching process - Photo 05
At the joints of pipes made of cast iron of large diameter (usually a riser), leaks are also not uncommon. To repair a pipe with your own hands, you need to remove fragments of the old packing, and then install a new one, from strands of asbestos soaked in bitumen. From above, the packing is closed with a cement mortar, also reinforced with an asbestos strand.
In this way, cracks in cast iron pipes can be repaired. Its essence lies in driving lead cones into the resulting gap. Lead, being a very soft metal, flattens in all directions, filling the smallest voids in the pipe. Thus, the flow is stopped.
On straight pipe runs, the rupture can be repaired with a patch or bandage, similar to cast iron pipes. However, in view of the fact that pressure lines are usually made with steel pipes, the following methods are more efficient and reliable.