Do-it-yourself repair of the gearbox of the Kirov grinder

In detail: do-it-yourself repair of a Kirov grinder gearbox from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

The grinder's anchor is most exposed to thermal, mechanical and electromagnetic loads. Therefore, it is a common cause of tool failure, and as a result, it often needs repair. How to check the anchor for performance and fix the element with your own hands - in our article.

The grinder's motor armature is a conductive winding and a magnetic circuit, into which the rotation shaft is pressed. It has a drive gear at one end and a manifold with lamellas at the other. The magnetic circuit consists of grooves and soft plates coated with varnish to isolate from each other.

In the grooves, according to a special scheme, two conductors of the armature winding are laid. Each conductor is half a turn, the ends of which are connected in pairs on lamellas. The beginning of the first turn and the end of the last one are in the same groove, so they are closed on one lamella.

Types of armature malfunctions:

  • An insulation breakdown to ground is a short circuit of the winding to the metal rotor body. It occurs due to the destruction of the insulation.
  • Unsoldering of collector leads.
  • Uneven manifold wear.
  • If the armature is faulty, the motor overheats, the winding insulation melts, the turns are short-circuited. The contacts connecting the armature winding with the collector plates are unsoldered. The power supply is cut off and the motor stops running.

    • visually;
    • multimeter;
    • light bulb;
    • special devices.

    Before taking the device for diagnostics, inspect the anchor. It may be damaged. If the wiring melts, the burnt-on insulating varnish will leave black marks or a peculiar smell. Bent and crumpled turns or conductive particles such as solder residue can be seen. These particles cause short circuits between the turns. The lamellas have folded edges, called cockerels, to connect to the winding.

    Video (click to play).

    Due to the violation of these contacts, the lamellas burn out.

    Other damage to the manifold: Raised, worn, or burnt fins. Graphite from the brushes can accumulate between the lamellas, which also indicates a short circuit.

    Image - Do-it-yourself repair of the gearbox of the Kirov grinder

    Bent manifold plates

    • Put a resistance of 200 ohms. Connect the test leads of the device to two adjacent lamellas. If the resistance is the same between all adjacent plates, then the winding is in good order. If the resistance is less than 1 ohm and very close to zero, there is a short circuit between the turns. If the resistance is two or more times higher than average, then there is a break in the winding turns. Sometimes, when there is a break, the resistance is so great that the device goes off scale. On an analog multimeter, the arrow will go all the way to the right. And on digital it will not show anything.

    Diagnostics of the armature winding with a multimeter

    If you don't have a tester, use a 12 volt light bulb up to 40 watts.

    • Take two wires and connect them to the lamp.
    • Make a break on the negative wire.
    • Apply voltage to the wires. Attach the ends of the gap to the collector plates and twist it. If the light is on without changing the brightness, then there is no short circuit.
    • Conduct a short to iron test. Connect one wire to the lamellas and the other to the rotor iron. Then with the shaft. If the light is on, then there is a breakdown to ground. The winding closes to the rotor housing or shaft.

    This procedure is similar to diagnostics with a multimeter.

    There are anchors that do not have visible wires connected to the collector due to filling with an opaque compound or due to a bandage.Therefore, it is difficult to determine commutation on the collector relative to the slots. The indicator of short-circuited turns will help in this.

    This device is small in size and easy to operate.

    First check the anchor for breaks. Otherwise, the indicator will not be able to detect a short circuit. To do this, measure the resistance between two adjacent lamellas with a tester. If the resistance is at least twice the average, then there is a break. If there is no break, proceed to the next step.

    The resistance regulator allows you to select the sensitivity of the device. It has two bulbs: red and green. Adjust the regulator so that the red light starts to light up. On the indicator body there are two sensors in the form of white dots, located at a distance of 3 centimeters from each other. Attach the indicator with the sensors to the winding. Rotate the anchor slowly. If the red light comes on, then there is a short circuit.