change the steering shaft. if you don't have a business one on the slots
My business has already “lifted” the slots two times. And during knocking, a little play appears. So I'm thinking of embedding the oil can and smearing it. I don’t know just where to drill. No information has covered everything. Boom try
My business has already “lifted” the slots two times. And during knocking, a little play appears. So I'm thinking of embedding the oil can and smearing it. I don’t know just where to drill. No information has covered everything. Boom try
I cut a grease can in the upper part of the pumped up solid oil. Time will tell whether there will be any sense from this procedure.
I cut a grease can in the upper part of the pumped up solid oil. Time will tell whether there will be any sense from this procedure.
I took off the gearbox, tried to adjust, there is an ellipse nut if tightened tightly in the middle of the stroke. if you weaken it at the extreme position is even worse.
Collected. I put it and got used to knocking I drove 180,000. There was an idea to pour the oil into a thicker oil until I risk it, I think the beat is due to low pressure, in winter it does not knock on a cold one.
I took off the gearbox, tried to adjust it, there is an ellipse nut if tightened tightly in the middle of the stroke. if we loosen it at the extreme position is even worse.
Collected.I put it and got used to knocking I drove 180,000. There was an idea to pour the oil into a thicker oil until I risk it, I think the beat is due to low pressure, in winter it does not knock on a cold one.
I’m knocking in the splines of the steering shaft, you can see the development appeared if you lift the steering wheel a little and the backlash and knock disappears. The year left right now, there’s another knock - there’s nowhere to lift. Solidol was pumped into the shaft. if that does not help then replacement.
at the beginning of the topic, look, I did enough for myself for a year.
There are hex bolts at the front of the steering gear and at the back opposite, what are they for?
A knock appeared almost from scratch in the gearbox itself and gives it to the steering wheel at low speed. The steering universal joint and column are completely serviceable.
And the topic is not disclosed. Today I pulled off the longitudinal thrust, and in the gur there is a normal such backlash (knock-knock) about a millimeter on the bipod. Is there adjustment, or is this unit disposable?
There are hex bolts at the front of the steering gear and at the back opposite, what are they for?
A knock appeared almost from scratch in the gearbox itself and gives it to the steering wheel at low speed. The steering universal joint and column are completely serviceable.
Understood? Do you have zf? Something the search engine gives out one muttoten.
And the topic is not disclosed. Today I pulled off the longitudinal thrust, and in the gur there is a normal such backlash (knock-knock) about a millimeter on the bipod. Is there adjustment, or is this unit disposable?
Why not disclosed? You take off the steering gear, unscrew and knock off the bipod, on the other hand you remove the plug, cut it out, pull it up from both sides at the same distance, kern it, assemble it, check it, the main thing is not to overdo it.
A drip on the bipod shaft, disassembled the gearbox, I was looking for a remkom-kt for a month, I didn’t find it, I spat, I bought a second-hand one of these days, the TC will come, I will put it.
I had a backlash power steering ZF LS 90 177 (2015. ) could not tuck the eccentrics
drove the power steering ZF LS 90 177 to Hydrolab. Partially sorted out with replacement of the drive shaft oil seal and failed eccentrics driven shaft - the knock is gone and the backlash .
1 / remove the drive shaft stopper and the cover under it, unscrew the 4 bolts of the bottom cover, take out everything insides assembled
said the Gur ZF pump gives 90 bar - weak! and the resource is likely to be less. Maybe I missed something, described what I could see.
at Borisov I eliminated the oil seal replacement on the market there are oil seals.
Gur ZF gives 90 bar - weak! and the resource will most likely be less. Maybe I missed something, described what I could see ..
90 bar, can you imagine how much it is? This is a half-inflated oxygen cylinder, for example. Or you confused Pascali with Barami.
it is unlikely that he confused, the markings there on the pump and gearbox are exactly the same.
The pumps are divided into 2 types according to the pressure of 90 and 125 bar.
So 125 bar is ours, Gazel's and 90 bar Volga or UAZ.
In any car, steering parts are exposed to the greatest degree of wear, since they are the ones that bear heavy loads when driving on uneven roads, cornering, as well as hard braking. Therefore, the Gazelle steering gearbox often fails, as a result of which its urgent adjustment is carried out. The list of signs of malfunction of the unit in question, as a rule, includes:
If one or several signs appear at once, immediate adjustment of the steering gear is required, which will allow timely elimination of malfunctions in the operation of the device and reduce the risk of failure of other vehicle assembly units.
When it was possible to achieve the absence of backlash, it is necessary to adjust the gap when the nut pair engages - shaft-sector. To perform this operation, install the bipod on the shaft and move it to the middle position by successive rotation of the screw, and then turn the sector shaft directly behind the bipod. The play of the bipod tip should not be felt or exceed 0.3 mm.
When the mentioned indicator is greater, then with the help of a plastic screwdriver we dismantle the plastic cover of the gearbox, after which we take out the two plugs. Using metal tongs, we dismantle the spring rings on both sides of the body and straighten the holes on the edge of the outer ring. Eccentric outer rings are rotated clockwise until clearances are removed from the sector shaft. To prevent the rings from turning, we fix them by bending the collars in the grooves of the crankcase. We assemble and install the mechanism in the reverse order.
Thus, adjusting the steering gear on a Gazelle car is an important repair measure that allows you to restore the functionality of driving a vehicle, significantly increasing the safety of passengers while driving.
VIDEO
The need for adjustment arises in the event of an increase in the free play of the steering wheel over 20 ° for buses and 25 ° for other vehicle modifications (see Checking the technical condition of the steering).
… And swinging the steering gear screw by the fork fixed to it, we check the axial or radial clearance in the steering gear bearings. The backlash should not be felt.
... remove the plastic cover ...
... and a foam seal.
Using the "13" head, unscrew the four bolts securing the upper cover of the mechanism case.
Prying off with a screwdriver, remove the cover ...
... and remove one of the shims.
remove the plastic cover ...
Using pliers, remove the spring rings from both sides of the mechanism case.
With a thin beard with a blunt end, we straighten the holes on the edge of the outer ring of the shaft-sector bearings.
With a special wrench, turn the eccentric outer rings of the bearings in the crankcase holes clockwise from the side of the spline end of the sector shaft.
ATTENTION
The screw turning moment on the adjusted mechanism should be 10–18 kgf.cm. We fix the eccentric rings from turning, bending their shoulders with a beard into the holes of the crankcase.
Commercial vehicles do not need to have a ton of equipment on board to help them drive comfortably and safely. Although it was possible even for a deep scoop. Let us recall at least RAF 2203, which was considered almost a model of comfort for a minibus. Despite the fact that it was assembled completely on the units and assemblies of the Volga. A monument to this icon of Soviet minibuses and ambulances should be erected at the time - the RAF not only somehow did not deteriorate from congenital Volgov diseases, it managed to become an absolutely self-sufficient and comfortable vehicle.
In the photo RAF 2203, which under the USSR was considered an example of comfort
What was, then passed, and RAFik was replaced by GAZ 3302 GAZelle, on which great hopes were pinned. As a result, for 20 years of production, it has remained a gasoline tractor with a steering wheel and a checkpoint poker, having managed to pick up incurable diseases with a primitive design. Since there is no choice at all in this price segment, the car enjoys forced popularity and the strained love of drivers.
Like the whole car, the GAZelle steering mechanism does not suffer from the sophistication of its design, but many believe that this is for the best. Regardless of whether the car is with power steering, or without an amplifier, repair and steering adjustment are extremely simple and do not require deep encyclopedic knowledge and special tools from the driver. The very minimum of both - and you can go further.
Video review of GAZelle 3302
VIDEO It still differs from prehistoric GAZ worm and roller gearboxes, and even has its positive aspects. The most pleasant feature from the point of view of car architecture is that the GAZelle reducer mechanism is quite compact and at the same time has good efficiency. What is especially noticeable on cars without power steering is that driving even a loaded car does not require the use of brute force. The designers achieved this by using rolling instead of sliding. It cannot be said that this introduction brought revolutionary changes at the end of the 20th century to the global auto industry, but the steering wheel became noticeably lighter.This made it possible to increase the resource of the entire unit, since it does not wear out as intensively as a worm gear pair, and rarely requires adjustment.
Not without flaws, although the designers have nothing to do with it. The working pair of the screw / ball nut is an uncompleted element, and in the first 10-15 years of the car's release, it was rather difficult to find a pair for replacement. Now this stuff is enough, so replacing a working pair can cost 5-6 thousand rubles. Adjustment of the steering gear assumes its complete dismantling, which also does not delight users. Moreover, to adjust the gap, in addition to the key of a special profile, even and skillful hands are also required, since the bearings can be skewed in no time, if you do not use a torque wrench.
In GAZelle, control does not require the use of brute physical force, even if the car is loaded
But the main surprise for the driver who decides to adjust or repair the gearbox is the dismantling of the bipod. It's not a hell of a job, but in the cold, dismantling the bipod can cause some discomfort.
From a good life, no one wants to remove the steering gear with their own hands, and the reasons for this should be more than compelling. Basically, this is necessary if the steering wheel is noticeably heavy, characteristic knocks have appeared in the gearbox housing, or there is an obvious leak of lubricant. The gearbox always sweats, but if the leak is too active, then the replacement of the oil seals shines. In this case, it is necessary to check the condition of the shaft and, if necessary, remove the traces of corrosion by grinding.
It is possible to carry out the adjustment without completely dismantling the gearbox, but it will be calmer if it is nevertheless removed and inspected carefully.
VIDEO For the curious or for those in a hurry, we present the technology for dismantling the gearbox from under the hood:
Disengage the front wheel mounts.
We hang the front axle on a stand and remove the wheels.
We turn the steering wheel all the way to the right and from under the hood we knock out the steering rod with fittings suitable in length.
We do the same on the left.
From under the hood, we remove the gearbox along with the bipod, which is more convenient to remove on the workbench.
When the gearbox is in our hands, we can repair it. Replacing parts should not present any difficulties, since the gearbox is designed very simply and clearly, and you need to pay some attention to the adjustment and refer to the factory adjustment data. They are also extremely simple.
For freight GAZelles, the permissible backlash is 25˚, for passenger GAZelles - 20˚. According to factory tolerances, there can be no backlash in the gearbox bearings. Adjustment of the clearance in the screw bearings is carried out in a vice on a workbench. This is more comfortable. We remove the plastic protection and the foam rubber seal, then unscrew the four bolts securing the cover, take out one of the shims, and then assemble everything in the reverse order. If there is a backlash, we repeat the operation to dismantle the gasket. So until complete satisfaction and elimination of the backlash on the bipod.
The permissible backlash of cargo GAZelles is 25˚
When the play on the bipod is completely selected, we get to the adjusting eccentric rings. They need to be turned alternately to avoid skewing and with a certain effort - 10-18 kgf / cm. The adjustment is completed, now you can soak the foam rubber gasket in the transmission oil, the splines with grease and install the steering gear in place.
Gazelle until 2009. Removing and disassembling the steering column
Disconnect the battery with the ground switch.
For the convenience of subsequent assembly, we set the front wheels to the straight-ahead position.
Prying off with a screwdriver, remove the decorative overlay.
Keeping the steering wheel from turning, unscrew the nut with the “24” head.
Pull the steering wheel off the shaft splines with a special puller. If there is no puller, then we leave the nut on the thread flush with the end of the threaded part of the shaft.
With our knees, we squeeze the rim from below and with a hammer on the end of the shaft through a brass mandrel we knock the steering wheel off the splines.
Finally unscrewing the nut.
... remove the steering wheel from the shaft.
Using a slotted screwdriver, unscrew the two screws that tighten the steering column covers.
We move the steering column to the uppermost position (see "Adjusting the position of the steering column", p. 226).
We tilt the upper edge of the casing towards ourselves until its retainer comes out of the column slot.
... and remove the casing by sliding it up.
The steering column can be removed from the vehicle separately by disconnecting the shaft spider from the steering column.
To do this, you will have to knock the wedge out of the fork by weight, which is inconvenient. Therefore, we recommend removing the column with the propeller shaft assembly.
In the engine compartment, use the pliers to remove the cotter pin from the hole in the wedge.
Using the "13" wrench, unscrew the nut, leave it on the thread flush with the end of the wedge.
We knock out the wedge with a hammer through the brass mandrel and, finally, unscrew the nut.
Steering of a car Gazelle GAZ-2705 consists of an adjustable steering column with a shaft and a wheel, a steering mechanism and a drive.
The design of the steering column (fig. 19) allows you to change the position of the steering wheel in height and angle.
The steering gear Gazelle GAZ-2705 (Fig. 19), consisting of a screw with a ball nut 33 and a sector shaft, is mounted in an aluminum crankcase, which is attached to the left frame spar using a special bracket. The steering gear ratio is 23.09 (in the middle).
Fig. 19. Steering Gazelle GAZ-2705
1 - steering wheel; 2, 25 - steering column switch; 3 - retaining ring; 4 - washer; 5 - bearing; 6 - plastic bushing of the bearing; 7 - ignition switch (lock); 8 - lower casing; 9 - steering column shaft; 10 - cardan joint; 11 - wedge; 12 - nut: 13 - steering propeller shaft; 14 - propeller shaft seal; 15 - cardan joint bearing; 16 - bearing needles; 17 - retaining ring; 18 - steering mechanism; 19 - bipod shaft with toothed sector; 20 - universal joint grease nipple; 21 - steering column pipe; 22 — bracket; 23 - handle of the steering column fixing mechanism; 24 - upper casing; 26 - steering wheel mounting nut; 27 - steering pad
The screw with a ball nut 33 is installed in the steering gear housing Gazelle GAZ-2705 on two angular contact bearings, the outer races of which are pressed into the crankcase and into the upper steering cover, and the inner races are pressed onto the steering gear screw.
The torque of the steering gear screw is adjusted using shims 30 installed under the steering gear cover.
When the screw rotates, the balls roll along a special channel, as a result of which the ball nut moves. The balls are made with high precision and differ from each other by no more than 4 microns.
The steering gear assembly Gazelle GAZ-2705, consisting of a screw, a ball nut and a set of balls, cannot be dismantled. The high quality of workmanship and the precision of the selected parts ensure an easy and smooth operation of the steering mechanism.
With its teeth, the nut meshes with the shaft - sector 41. The bipod shaft rotates on two cylindrical roller bearings, the inner cage of which is the bipod shaft.
The seal of the bipod shaft, as well as the steering gear cover of the Gazelle GAZ-2705, is carried out using rubber rings.
Fixation of the outer race of the bipod shaft bearings from axial movement is carried out using retaining rings 38, and from angular movement - by punching the outer rings into the crankcase holes, closed by plug 5.
The screw-ball nut of the steering mechanism Gazelle GAZ-2705 is connected to the steering column shaft using a cardan shaft. The hinge forks are fastened to the shafts using a wedge 48 (see Fig. 19).
The steering column is attached with four bolts to the clutch and brake pedal bracket. The steering column shaft rotates on two ball bearings. Adjustment of the steering column shaft bearings during operation is not required.
The steering wheel is mounted on the tapered splines of the steering shaft and secured with a lock washer and nut.
The technical condition of the steering system Gazelle GAZ-2705 can be approximately determined by the amount of free play (backlash) of the steering wheel.
The maintenance of the steering includes its inspection, checking the attachment of the units, the free play of the steering wheel, checking and adjusting the axial play in the propeller bearings, the clearance in the engagement of the gear steering gear, as well as lubrication work according to the car's lubrication chart.
When inspecting the steering system of Gazelle GAZ-2705 cars, it is necessary to check the fastening of the parts. All nuts and bolts of the steering wheel, steering column, steering housing, propeller drive, bipod and steering link arms must be securely tightened to the torques specified below.
Then you should check the free play of the steering wheel in the position of the front wheels corresponding to the movement of the car in a straight line. The amount of free play of the steering wheel must not exceed 25 °.
If, after checking all the steering elements and eliminating the identified malfunctions, the steering wheel free play is 25 ° or more, then it is necessary to adjust the tightening of the screw bearings and the gearing of the steering mechanism.
Steering adjustment Gazelle GAZ-2705
Adjustment of the position of the steering column of Gazelle GAZ-2705 vehicles must be made after adjusting the driver's seat relative to the control pedals. This requires:
- turn the handle 23 (see Fig. 19) towards yourself and upward, loosening the steering column fixation;
- set the steering wheel to a comfortable position;
- fix the selected position of the steering column by turning the handle 23 down and away from you.
If you need to adjust the steering column fixing mechanism Gazelle GAZ-2705, you must:
- remove the lower casing 8 (see Fig. 19) by unscrewing two screws and releasing it from the lower retainer;
- remove the upper casing 24, bringing the column as close as possible to the driver;
- loosening the lock nut, tighten the bolt to a torque of 9.0-12.5 Nm (0.9-1.25 kg / cm);
- fix the locknut with a torque of 14-18 Nm (1.4-1.8 kg / cm), excluding the bolt loosening;
- check the fixation of the column;
- install the upper and lower covers.
Steering gear adjustment Gazelle GAZ-2705
Fig. 20. Steering gear of the car Gazelle GAZ-2705
B - rib on the top cover; C - risk at the end of the screw; 1 - crankcase; 2 - a screw with a ball nut; 3 - shaft-sector; 4 - filler plug; 5 - shims; 6 - nut; 7 - cotter pin; 8 - plug; 9 - cover; 10 - wedge; 11 - steering shaft seal; 12 - cardan shaft; 13 - a sealing ring; 14 - retaining ring; 15 - outer ring of the shaft-sector bearing; 16 - shaft-sector seal; 17 - cover; 18 - bipod; 19 - side cover; 20 - cork
The bearings should be adjusted when an axial or radial clearance appears in the bearings of the screw 2 (Fig. 20).
- turn the steering wheel 21/2 turns from the straight-ahead position in any direction;
- shake the steering gear screw by the fixed fork by hand; if in this case the screw will have axial or radial movement (fork play relative to the steering gear cover), then the screw bearings must be adjusted.
The steering mechanism of the Gazelle GAZ-2705 is adjusted in the following sequence:
- disconnect the bipod 18 and the fork of the steering wheel shaft 12;
- unscrew the bolts securing the steering gear Gazelle GAZ-2705 to the bracket and remove the steering gear from the car;
- drain the oil through the hole closed with plug 4;
- remove two plugs 20 on the crankcase;
- remove two covers 17 and 19 and a sponge seal 16 of the sector shaft;
- remove the retaining ring 14;
- straighten the holes on the bearings of the shaft-sector with a beard and remove them with a puller, excluding blows and distortions on the bearing;
- unscrew the bolts securing the upper crankcase cover, remove the cover and take out one of the shims 5;
- put the crankcase cover back in place and check the torque of the screw in the bearings. The moment should be 0.4-0.8 Nm (4.0-8.0 kg / cm). In this case, the screw backlash should not be felt;
- install the shaft-sector 3 and bearings, lubricating the seating surfaces and sealing rings with oil for the steering mechanism. When installing, the bearings should be directed eccentric downward (the shaft-sector is as far as possible from the ball nut).
Skewing during assembly is not allowed. Seizure of bearings on the sector shaft or crankcase indicates a misalignment or incorrect orientation of eccentricities
- adjust the engagement in the nut-sector pair;
- fix the bearings of the sector shaft against rotation by bending the collar on the bearings into the holes on the crankcase;
- Assemble the steering gear Gazelle GAZ-2705 in reverse order;
- install the steering gear on the car;
- install the bipod 18 and the fork of the shaft 12 (when installing the wedge 10, nut 6 and washers must be on the side of the machined end on the fork 8).
The backlash in the engagement of the working pair is considered acceptable if the backlash at the lower end of the bipod when the wheels are positioned to move in a straight line with adjusted screw bearings is not more than 0.3 mm.
If the backlash exceeds this value, then it is necessary to adjust the engagement of the nut-sector pair, since operating the car with excessive backlash leads to failure of the steering mechanism.
The sequence of operations for checking the engagement of a pair of the steering gear Gazelle GAZ-2705 is as follows:
- put the wheels in the straight-ahead position and turn the steering wheel to combine the risk "C" (Fig. 20) on the end of the screw with the edge "B" of the top cover 9 (the risk "C" must be at the bottom);
- disconnect the longitudinal steering rod from the bipod;
- swinging the bipod by hand, determine the backlash at its end (in this case, the axial backlash of the screw should not be felt).
If the backlash of the steering arm of the Gazelle GAZ-2705 is more than 0.3 mm, adjust the engagement of the pair in the following order:
- remove the steering gear from the car;
- remove two plugs 20 on the crankcase in the area of the shaft-sector;
- Disconnect the bipod 18, remove the two covers 17 and 19 and the sponge seal 16 of the sector shaft;
- straighten the holes on the bearings of the shaft-sector 3 with a beard;
- adjust the engagement of the nut with the sector by simultaneously turning the outer rings 15 in the crankcase holes clockwise from the side of the slot on the sector shaft.
When adjusting, exclude the possibility of misalignments of the shaft-sector in the outer rings (incorrect orientation of bearing eccentricities).
The torque of the screw on the adjusted mechanism should be 1-1.8 Nm (10-18 kg / cm):
- fix the bearings of the sector shaft against rotation by bending the collar on the bearings into the holes on the crankcase;
- re-check the screw turning moment and backlash at the end of the steering arm Gazelle GAZ-2705;
- install two plugs 20 on the crankcase, sponge seal 16 of the shaft-sector (lubricating it and the shaft-sector under it with grease), two covers 17 and 19 and bipod 18;
- install the steering gear on the car;
- connect the longitudinal steering rod to the bipod and pin the pin ..
The reliability and durability of Gazelle cars today does not raise doubts among the owners of commercial vehicles. However, in order to avoid problems during operation, it is necessary to approach the maintenance of the vehicle with due attention. One of the components, the state of which should be constantly monitored, is the steering mechanism, because the safety of the driver and other road users directly depends on it.
This mechanism for a car of this brand consists of a steering wheel, a propeller shaft, a toothed sector on the bipod shaft, bearings, oil seals and a column pipe. Some Gazelle models are equipped with a power steering.
Other typical steering problems encountered by Gazelle owners include:
The appearance of backlash;
Knocks when turning the steering wheel;
Tight steering wheel, which requires more effort to turn than before;
Vibration when driving, steering wheel beating;
Leaks of power steering fluid, which are easy to notice under the hood, and in especially severe cases on the asphalt during long parking;
Power steering is too noisy.
Any repair operations associated with a column begin with parsing it. You need to do the following:
The course of action when disassembling the steering column removed in this way is as follows:
Disconnect the propeller shaft assembly;
Remove the ignition switch;
Disconnect the bolt and bushing;
Remove the steering column bracket.
If there is any backlash, steering column adjustment is required. An increase in the freewheel angle to 25 degrees and higher is considered to be a backlash for a Gazelle car. When adjusting work on the removed shaft, adjust the gap between the nut and the shaft-sector. Then the stroke of the bipod is adjusted so that it does not exceed 0.3 millimeters, that is, in fact, it should not be felt at all.
The most common source of headset play is bearing failures, which wear out fairly quickly and need to be replaced regularly. When replacing, proceed as follows:
The front bearing is removed from the shaft - the one that is closest to the steering wheel;
Then the rear is removed - this is not so easy to do. The best option is to squeeze it out using a hammer and a punch;
After that, the shaft is cleaned and the damage is carefully assessed - if any, the part will need to be replaced entirely;
Before installing new bearings, they are checked for defects, especially carefully inspecting their plastic bushings. Next, you need to check that the new elements rotate easily along the axis;
The bearings are carefully pressed into place. In this case, it is important to apply force only to the outer ring;
At the end of the installation, the shaft is mounted in the pipe, and the bearings are carefully fixed in the rings.
Not less often on Gazelles, it is required to adjust the gearbox or replace it entirely. Adjustment can be called a rather difficult operation - with a lack of experience, it is easy to skew the bearings, and this is fraught with much more serious malfunctions in the steering mechanism.
However, this is not recommended, since in the event of any malfunctions, it is advisable to carry out a thorough diagnosis of the gearbox. To do this, it is dismantled as follows:
Front wheels are hung out and removed;
The steering wheel is turned to the right until it stops, then the steering rod is knocked out with fittings of a suitable length, then the operation is repeated on the left;
Next, the gearbox is removed from under the hood, and the bipod is removed from it at the workbench.
After cleaning the gearbox, it is carefully inspected for damage and damaged components are replaced.In this case, it is especially important to correctly adjust the gearbox bearings when replacing them.
After completing all the necessary operations, the gearbox is installed in place, having previously moistened the gasket in oil.
In this case, the spline joints must be treated with grease.
Video (click to play).
In general, many car owners prefer to carry out repair work on the Gazelle steering mechanism on their own. On the one hand, there is nothing difficult in this, on the other, the slightest misalignment during adjustment threatens with serious problems with the steering in the future. That is why, if you do not have enough experience, it is better to entrust the repair work to our specialists. Having repaired a huge number of Gazelles of various modifications, we can confidently say that we know everything about steering.
