DIY network card repair

In detail: do-it-yourself repair of network cards from a real wizard for the site my.housecope.com.

Network card malfunctions

A short circuit in the wires in a network cable is an undesirable phenomenon, sometimes leading to the failure of the network card. Although such a closure is rare. More often this happens due to dirt or moisture that has gotten into the connector and created a short circuit between its contacts. Possible failure of the network card during a thunderstorm. In addition, power failures, malfunctions of the MP, power supply unit can also cause the network card to malfunction.

It is also possible that a defect appears, leading to errors in the operation of the auto-detection system.

In some cases, the reason for the slowdown of computers is the incorrect installation of the driver or the use of an unsuitable driver for network cards.

The option is not excluded when the network card passes the tests, but the computer still does not see the network. This is due to the fact that different manufacturers have slightly different methods of auto-sensing the speed of connected devices (Nway). Try to force the required connection speed in the network card driver. When connecting to a hub, you must use half duplex mode.

Pay attention to the physical address of the network card (MAC address). It must match the one indicated on its sticker.

If the network does not work, you should first check the power supply to the network hub. If its indicator LEDs do not light up, then, most likely, the power supply unit is faulty or the power supply unit contact has moved away from the network hub. If all the hubs are turned on and working, then check the signal cable connections - whether all the wires are inserted into the hub, and whether the connectors are fully inserted into the hub and into the network card of the computer. Then check to see if the cable is broken, pinched, or flattened.

Video (click to play).

If the network connections are OK, the network settings may be out of order. Check the settings of the network card and the network card itself.

To check if there is a physical connection between the computers, use the ping command. To do this, run: Start 4 Run - and in the command prompt window, type PING, and after the command name - the IP address of the computer on the network. The command will look like this: Ping 192.168.52.7. Instead of the IP address, you can specify the name of the computer under which it is connected to the network.

If your computer pings normally, check your network settings.

If the network printer is not visible in the network environment, the reasons may vary. Make sure the printer is shared, and if it is, the current user has access to it. It is possible that the computer to which the network printer is connected is turned off. It is also possible that the printer is not installed correctly, make sure the correct printer driver is installed. Check the cable that connects the printer to the computer.

Good day, dear forum participants.

Please tell the teapot what to dance from in the event of a malfunction of this or that network card? After all, in general, they do not break completely, but such problems as the loss of part of the packets appear; not work at 100Mb / s, but only at 10Mb / s.

It's just that over several years of work in the IT specialty, a fairly large number of network cards have accumulated, I would like to restore at least some.

I read this thread of the forum, used the search, but I did not find something for active discussion of the network card repair method.In principle, I understand that the spare part is “cheap”, I threw it away and bought a new one, but I am drawn, if I may put it this way, by the love of art

There are different network girls, but mostly they are Realtek 8139 and Intel Pro / 100.

Let's take a concrete example: Realtek 8139: does not work at 100Mb / s - 100% of packets are lost. If you switch to 10Mb / s in the driver, it works fine without losses and errors. What are your thoughts?

The book deals with practical issues related to the repair of personal computers at home or office.

After reading it, you will learn about methods for eliminating common computer malfunctions, learn how to check its performance, identify devices that have failed, and select a suitable replacement for them. The pages of this publication provide recommendations on how to prevent problems and keep your computer running. The material is presented in a simple and intelligible form, so even a novice user will be able to understand it.

It is also possible that a defect appears, leading to errors in the operation of the auto-detection system.

In some cases, the reason for the slowdown of computers is the incorrect installation of the driver or the use of an unsuitable driver for network cards.

Pay attention to the physical address of the network card (MAC address). It must match the one indicated on its sticker.

"I love a thunderstorm at the beginning of May" - this is the line of a famous poet, a classic. But I don’t have any thunderstorm at the beginning of June, because after a thunderstorm such "corpses" often come. A client brought it, and complains that after a thunderstorm his beloved friend does not turn on. It is a pity that no one warned him that during a thunderstorm it was necessary to pull out all the cables from the outlet.

Read also: Samsung p843 DIY repair

According to the client, the computer does not fully respond to the power button, the lights do not light up, the coolers do not spin. Well, let's figure it out. Like last time, here you can see that the fan on the processor is clogged with dust. Bad, but not the worst thing. We need to understand why the motherboard is not working. We always start with an external examination. We inspect for swollen capacitors, burnt resistors, holes on the motherboard. Everything is fine here, so let's proceed to step number 2.

We check the power supply. To do this, we disconnected all the power supply connectors from the computer so that something bad does not happen. We have already talked about how to start the power supply without connecting it to a computer, now we will not dwell on this. We start the unit - we see that the fan is spinning, we check the voltage. 3.3V, 5V, 12V - everything is normal.

We test further. We insert our PCI analyzer, the light comes on. We try to turn on the computer - it does not work.

There is still a little trick here. If it is known that the computer burned out during a thunderstorm, then, most likely, the network card took the blow. Moreover, if you touch the microcircuit with your finger, you can feel that it is just red-hot. Yes, the network card is burned out.

What to do in this case? Disconnecting the network card in the BIOS will do nothing, since the power supply will keep the card burned out and will still not allow the computer to turn on. Let's try to solder the microcircuit.

We dismantle the motherboard from the system unit. Now is the time to solder the microcircuit. It is better to do this with an air dryer or infrared station, but if you do not have all of this, you can evaporate the microcircuit using a regular soldering iron. Ready. After the microcircuit is removed, it is advisable to clean the tracks with a low-power soldering iron so that there is no short circuit.

We try to turn on the computer. Hooray, it worked. We connect the monitor and peripherals to the system unit, and we see that the operating system boots correctly, which means that the repair is over.

As you can see, there was nothing complicated in this case, but at the service center you would have been charged at least $ 40 for repairs. And now the owner will only need to buy a new network card.

To remove the network card, you should: turn off the PC, disconnect the power cable, remove the case cover, unscrew the fastening screw and carefully remove the network card, holding it with both hands. When removing the card, you need to direct efforts only upward, not swinging it from side to side.

When installing a network card, it is advisable to place it away from the video card so as not to impair the ventilation of the latter.

For a comprehensive and high-quality professional check of network devices, it is useful to use the ProLAN hardware and software diagnostic complexes

Such solutions provide more opportunities and allow you to identify complex problems, bottlenecks, and hidden defects in network cards, although they do not lead to obvious problems in the network, but can cause software failures and even a "Time Out" error.

Programs and utilities for network adapters are often included with the software supplied by the manufacturer with the network card. They allow you to solve the problems that have arisen, to diagnose the adapter. If there are no utilities on the disks, then you can download them from the site of the network card manufacturer.

NetBench is a program for evaluating the performance of a network card. NetBench helps you accurately measure the performance of network adapters and file servers. NetBench tests the speed of the file server processing I / O requests from client systems based on 32-bit versions of Windows. The program displays the bandwidth and server response time. To run NetBench, you need to download and install both the client and server (for a file server based on Windows NT / 2000 / XP) parts of the program.

AdapterWatch card, IP / WINS addresses and DNS of the server used, as well as complete statistics on all available data transfer protocols (TCP, IP, UDP and ICMP). In addition, the AdapterWatch has the ability to count traffic.

IP-Tools is a set of utilities for working with TCP / IP in one program. It includes 15 utilities that allow you to get information about the computer as a whole, about all its ports, information about the NetBIOS protocol about local and remote computers, ping by a range or by a list of addresses, monitoring the status of hosts, scanning TCP ports, etc. In addition, IP-Tools shows in real time graphs of the number of incoming, outgoing, erroneous packets for the protocols TCP, UDP, ICMP. All information produced by the program, if necessary, is written into text or HTML files.

Windows XP has built-in command line utilities to test the TCP / IP stack. Each utility is responsible for checking the health of a specific portion of the TCP / IP stack.

Windows Command Line Utilities for TCP / IP Test

It is also possible that a defect appears, leading to errors in the operation of the auto-detection system.

In some cases, the reason for the slowdown of computers is the incorrect installation of the driver or the use of an unsuitable driver for network cards.

Pay attention to the physical address of the network card (MAC address). It must match the one indicated on its sticker.

If the network connections are OK, the network settings may be out of order. Check the settings of the network card and the network card itself.

A breakdown of the laptop's network card can be uncritical, but quite unpleasant. It only affects the availability of local and Internet resources, without affecting the operation of the main laptop systems.

The causes of malfunctions can be both in the hardware and in the software used. The most common non-iron problems:

non-original drivers for the network card are used. To fix - you need to search the Internet and install the original software from the hardware manufacturer;
some manufacturers (which are now rare) may have different methods of determining the speed of connected devices. To fix the problem, you need to set the correct connection speed when starting the network card driver;
Sometimes there is a mistake in determining the physical address (MAC address). To eliminate it, it is necessary to compare what is indicated in the specification and what is shown when the network card is working, in case of a mismatch, correct;
It is also possible that the wrong settings for the connection of the network card have been entered, which can affect access to local or Internet resources, or block its operation;
Some manufacturers specifically introduce special security codes into the microcircuits, which, in the event of an incorrect Biosa firmware, disable the network card. In this case, only returning the original firmware will help.

Iron problems are broader. They mainly occur when contacts are damaged, power problems, or damage to the network card itself. For instance:

Damage to the network card connector due to incorrect connection of the patch code. The situation quite often can arise when the cable is removed incorrectly or abruptly, as well as when the cable itself is not crimped correctly (if it was not done by an expert). This problem can only be solved by replacing the connector, which you can do yourself if you have experience with a soldering iron and the skills to properly disassemble a laptop in order to access the motherboard;
The problem of powering a laptop (as well as a network board) can be solved by replacing the power supply circuit elements: a connector or power supply unit, a battery;
Damage to the network card itself, which may occur as a result of a power outage (thunderstorm, interference, operation), malfunctioning laptop power, and other problems. In this case, it would be more correct to replace the network card with a new one than to repair the laptop's network card and search for burned-out circuits.

It is quite simple to do this:

It is necessary to disassemble the laptop by removing all fastening screws (or latches) on the back panel;
Detach the interfering elements (DVD drive, ventilation elements, etc.) to access directly the network board;

Very carefully disconnect the old network card without damaging the contacts, install a new one, and reassemble the laptop in the reverse order.

Network card malfunctions

It is also possible that a defect appears, leading to errors in the operation of the auto-detection system.

In some cases, the reason for the slowdown of computers is the incorrect installation of the driver or the use of an unsuitable driver for network cards.

Pay attention to the physical address of the network card (MAC address). It must match the one indicated on its sticker.

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If the network connections are OK, the network settings may be out of order. Check the settings of the network card and the network card itself.

If your computer pings normally, check your network settings.

Fix broken RJ45 connector do it yourself very easy. Let's replace it with a simple one homemade, which will consist of two plastic ties.

Always and everyone has at least one cable for the Internet connection, with a broken plug retainer. Is not it?

If you use such a plug, the connection will not be reliable. You firmly insert it into the socket, but forget that nothing is fixed and with the next awkward movement you lose the connection ...

And now it's time to use a crimping tool to replace the plug. But here's his bad luck or not, or there is no plug at hand. What to do?

Tools:

A gun for plastic ties (optional);
Sharp knife;
Nippers.

Two small cable ties.

The “head” of the cable tie must be of the correct width to fit into the socket and pull out easily.

To check, insert it into the slot, as shown in the figure.

Then, gently pull on the cable. You should feel some resistance.

Cut off approximately 4.5 cm.

Using a sharp knife and a hard, flat surface, trim the latch to make it flat.

Using the second cable tie, tighten the first one.

It looks ridiculous. Is this going to work?

Let's adjust the bends of cable # 1 so that it acts like a spring.

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The simplest repair of RJ45 - dads with a piece of 7-8 cm of springy wire about, 3-1mm, PVC insulating tape, pasatizhe.
1. We bend the wire in half,

2.7-10 mm FROM THE MIDDLE (spring tongue) bend at an angle of 20-30 degrees relative to the initial position - we get a spring REVERSE NATIVE,

3. The rest of the bent wire of 2-3 cm is fixed firmly with electrical tape to the connector and the cable so that the new spring enters, after pressing it with a finger, into its place in the socket. Before installing into the socket, the spring normally does not allow the connector to enter its place, therefore, when installing it, you need to press it with your finger.

4. The signal that the cable is not connected will disappear.
Successful work to you for the benefit of others on the Internet!

MORE DIFFICULT RJ45 REPAIR OPTION under the name
"AFTER REPAIR RJ45 LIKE NEW"

With the help of: a clamp cut off from the "donor" - a new RJ45, second glue, a knife with a thin blade, a flat file.
1. PREPARATION: a) with a knife blade heated in an open flame, carefully cut off the retainer at the "donor" - a new RJ45, moving the knife blade along the connector pad under the retainer to the end of the connector. We get a T-shaped glue clamp.
b) in the same way, we drive with a hot knife blade on the connector with a broken retainer, which on our cable - remove the remnants of the broken retainer - we get a pad at the tip of the connector for gluing the retainer.
2. GLUING: after looking at where to apply the retainer and on which side, slowly we spread with second glue the SADDLE and the GLUING PLACE of the retainer, correctly apply, press for 10-20 seconds. If the retainer is seated correctly, you can additionally coat the gluing site from the sides with the same second-hand glue. After a couple of minutes, you can use it like new. We remove burrs with a needle file.

Note to manufacturers of these flimsy RJ45 connectors:
The RETAINER can be made and attached to the connector using a similar technology FROM ELASTIC METAL!
Successful work to you for the benefit of others on the Internet!

The idea is cool.But in my time I have a stock of connectors, they have been lying since the time of the part-time job as a system administrator.

A new connector in the store costs a penny. Using a thin screwdriver, repack the cable and without any crimping pliers it takes 5 minutes. And looking for these clamps and then blocking the city ...) is not worth it

Re-crimping is not always possible. There are connectors molded inside with polymer at the cable retainer (see factory patchcords). For these cases, the method is 100% suitable. Thanks to the author of the note. I'll take it into service. ))

Oh nafig! Cut off this flooded connector, and re-crimp. Anything is safer and more durable.

I liked the author's solution. I myself usually re-crimped a broken connector, maybe I'll try to use this elegant idea, respect to the author!

discernment. 3 eyes appeared. zalik without options. in such a vypadku squeezed by vikrutkoy noviy. ale schob still

Original solution, if re-squeezing is not an option :)

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Potpourri based on Conan Doyle. The original feature is Tolerast Victorianism (Sherlock Holmes is an animal).
Blooper ". by the will of random fate. "- we will write off on inarticulateness of the YG, Oxwardof did not finish.
National flavor “close to nature” - still live with forks.
Merimee is a clear anachrenism.
It turned out to be a wonderful satire. I recommend to lovers of oxymorons.
P.S. And always impudent is Dr. Moreau.

The file is defective. Publishing marriage. During typesetting, the publishing house lost three pages from the fourth chapter. The missing piece of text can be read in Divov's LiveJournal.

probably this is the only book by Korchevsky that you can read without forcing your brain. Such an adventure novel in a historical setting. Well, in the end, no one asks for historical accuracy from “Quentin Dorward”, or “Three Musketeers”.

boring. hoped it would expand further.
alas, it only got worse.
well nah delete,
bone thinking
the author is off scale -
at the dead space marauder
on the body, in the bag, the GG finds: watches, rings, pendants.
shit and this is in the star-space civilization ?!
more like the image of a Fritz from Soviet books about the Second World War, even milk, eggs, bacon.
This guy thinks he's writing science fiction, it's fantastic trash.

PhilippS about Gromyko:
Good! So that's a trilogy. 🙂 Well, and check it out, if you haven’t read it yet: “Loyal enemies” is also quite readable!

A very fresh idea - Japan and the USSR against the USA. Japan won. Rivets of ships and airplanes and the author's obvious dislike for the Americans, they are Pindos and shitcrats. Probably the visa was not given.
Textik is pure crap.

In this topic, we will consider upgrading a computer, installing a network card. The network card serves to connect a computer to the Internet, as well as to combine several computers into a local network, as well as to connect a wide variety of peripherals that will be available over the local network. A local network is quite convenient for offices, and even at home when you have several computers, networking for file sharing, sharing games and much more.

Replacing the network card 300 rubles

During the transfer of information, a breakdown into packet data occurs, which in turn leaves one device and is collected on another.

External - this type of network card is necessary for owners of laptop computers, if for some reason you do not have a built-in or you need a more powerful network card, in this case an external network card is purchased.

Internal - this type of cards is installed on stationary computers or server stations to increase the speed of data exchange or simply for an upgrade.

Built-in - this type of network cards is already built into the motherboard by manufacturers, is not always of high quality and fast, but it will do for a home computer.

To install the network card on the motherboard, you first need to remove the side cover to access the inside of the case. Further, after you have removed the side cover, in front of you there will be a motherboard with peripherals installed in it, but to install a network card, pay attention to the photo, you will need a PCI connection interface, this slot is present on each motherboard, unless of course you have equipment is already installed there, for example, the old network card that you want to replace.

To begin with, we need to prepare a place if the network card is installed in the first ones, first, make sure that the slot for the card is free, then you need to remove the plugs from the back of the case, they are unscrewed in heaped cases, and in simpler cases they break out. Next, we install our network card into a free slot. We draw attention to this photo, we have 4 places where you can install a network card, specially made a couple of pictures of different motherboards to understand that there can be more than two slots for installation.

Further on you on the back of the case should look exactly like this.

Further, after the end of the process, you need to install the driver from the disk when you first start Windows, they usually come with a network card. If you did not find this disk in the kit, then install it manually through the task manager by running an automatic search and installation of the driver for the network card.

Also, if you have any difficulties in assembling a computer yourself, then our masters will be happy to come and help you with this problem, and you can also order a computer assembly to order.

Network power adapters - miniature power supplies for various electronic household equipment. They are used to power antenna amplifiers, cordless phones, chargers. Despite the active introduction of switching power supplies, transformer ones are still actively used and find application in the user's everyday life.

It is not uncommon for these transformer units to fail.

If the adapter breaks down, you can replace it with a new one, their cost is low. But why give hard-earned money, if in most cases you can fix the malfunction yourself within 15-30 minutes and save yourself from looking for a replacement and spending money?

An adapter for 12V and a current of 0.1A from an antenna amplifier got on the repair table.

The photo shows the adapter after the repair.

What parts does a conventional transformer adapter consist of?

If we disassemble the power adapter, then inside we will find a transformer (1) and a small electronic circuit (2).

Transformer (1) serves to lower the alternating mains voltage 220V to the level of 13-15 V.

The electronic circuit serves to rectify the alternating voltage (converting it into direct voltage) and stabilize it at 12V.

As you can see, the classic transformer-based power supply is quite simple. What can break down in such a simple device?

Let's take a look at the schematic diagram.

On the schematic diagram T1 Is a step-down transformer. Typical transformer faults are burnout or breakage of the primary wire (Ⅰ), and, less often, secondary (Ⅱ) winding. As a rule, the primary, mains winding is faulty (Ⅰ).

The cause of a break or burnout is a thin wire that cannot withstand mains voltage surges and overloads. Let's say thanks to the Chinese, they are thrifty guys, they don't want to wind a thicker wire ...

It is quite simple to check the health of the transformer. It is necessary to measure the resistance of the primary and secondary windings. The resistance of the primary winding should be several kilo-ohms (1kΩ = 1000 ohms), the secondary one - several tens of ohms.

When checking the transformer, the resistance of the primary winding turned out to be 1,8 kOhm, which indicates its integrity. There is no cliff.

For the secondary winding, the resistance was 25,5 Ohm, which is okay too. The transformer turned out to be working properly.

To get correct readings of winding resistances, you must adhere to the following rules:

When measuring touch the pins only with the multimeter probes... It is unacceptable to grasp the live parts of the probes with both hands and take measurements, since the readings of the multimeter will be wrong! I have already talked about how to correctly measure resistance with a multimeter.

Remember, the human body also has resistance and can shunt the resistance you are measuring. In this case, this is the resistance of the windings. This rule is valid when measuring any resistance.

It is necessary to exclude the influence of resistances of other parts. What does it mean? This means that the part must be isolated from other parts of the circuit, i.e. soldered from the board, disabled.

In case of repairing the adapter, it is recommended to unsolder the leads going to the electronic circuit before measuring the resistance of the secondary winding. This will help eliminate the influence of the resistance of the electronic circuit on the measured resistance.

A diode bridge based on discrete diodes VD1-VD4 serves to rectify the alternating current of the secondary winding. A common failure of a diode bridge is a “breakdown” of one or more of the diodes that make up it. With such a malfunction, the diode turns into an ordinary conductor. The diodes are checked quite simply, you don't even have to solder them from the board, but measure the resistance of each of the diodes separately. If the diode is broken, then the multimeter will show a very low resistance (0 or Ohm units).

So that other elements of the circuit do not confuse the readings of the multimeter, it is better to solder one of the terminals of the diode from the circuit. After checking, do not forget to solder it back.

Capacitors C1 and C2 serve to filter the voltage and are auxiliary elements of the stabilizer 78L12... The 78L12 integral stabilizer provides a stabilized 12V voltage at the output of the power supply.

Resistor circuit R1 and LED VD5, serves to indicate the operation of the device. If any part of the circuit is faulty, for example, a transformer or stabilizer on the 78L12 microcircuit, then there will be no voltage at the output of the power supply and the VD5 LED will not light up. By its glow, you can immediately determine what the problem is. If it is on, the connecting wire is most likely broken. Well, if not, then the electronic filling of the power supply may be faulty.

Most often, transformer power supplies for active antennas fail due to burnout of the stabilizer on the 78L12 microcircuit.

When repairing a power supply, the following sequence of actions should be followed:

If there is an indication (the LED is on), you should look for a fault in the wires through which the voltage is supplied to the powered device. It is enough to “ring” the wires with a multimeter.

If there is no indication, measure the resistance of the primary winding of the transformer. This is easy to do, you don't even need to disassemble the power supply, but measure the resistance of the winding through the contacts of the power plug.

We disassemble the power supply, make an external examination. Pay attention to the darkened areas around the radio components, chips and cracks on the cases of the power stabilizer (78L12 or equivalent), swelling of the filter capacitors.

In the process of repairing the power adapter for the active antenna, it turned out that the 78L12 stabilizer microcircuit is faulty. The electrolytic capacitor C1 (100μF * 16V) was also replaced with a capacitor with a larger capacity - 470 μF (25V). When replacing a capacitor, take into account the polarity of its inclusion in the circuit.

Video (click to play).

It is not necessary to know the pinout (location and purpose) of the 78L12 stabilizer pins. But, it is necessary to remember, sketch or photograph the location of the faulty microcircuit on the printed circuit board.In this case, if you forget how the microcircuit was soldered into the printed circuit board, then you will already have a drawing or photo, by which it is easy to determine the correct installation of the element in the circuit.

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