DIY sewing machine repair crash

Complex repairs of sewing machines related to the adjustment of units and mechanisms can only be performed by an experienced master. But such repairs are rarely performed, only when a part breaks down at the sewing machine and needs to be replaced with subsequent adjustment.
Most often, the sewing machine starts to “play up” if the rules of its operation, specified in the instructions, are violated or if simple settings and adjustments are not followed.

The main reason leading to a sewing machine malfunction is sewing fabrics that are not intended for this sewing machine model. Sewing a double hem on jeans, replacing a zipper in a leather jacket or bag, etc. - this is the main reason for the appearance of gaps in the stitch, thread breakage, needle breakage. Sometimes this can even lead to a breakdown of the sewing machine, subsequent complex repairs associated with the replacement of parts.

This article provides basic recommendations on how to set up and perform a simple DIY repair of a sewing machine.

Oddly enough, but it is the needle that is the most important part of the machine. During its “life” it makes thousands of punctures in the tissue and is not always light and thin, so sooner or later the needle point becomes dull, and the needle itself bends. And if at least once the needle hits the metal part of the machine body, the tip will bend in the literal and figurative sense of the word.
However, do we pay attention to this? The needle seems to be intact, so everything is fine. But take a magnifying glass and look at its point, its blade will be bent to one side. How would such a point pierce the tissue? Only one way is to break it.

Now let's see how such a needle will form a stitch.
The thread passing through the eye of the needle will catch on the curved point and “slow down”, creating excess upper thread in the stitch. Here is the first reason the loops appear in the stitching. Moreover, the curved tip will cause periodic thread breakage, especially in difficult to sew areas, when the upper thread is extremely stretched.

It turns out that sometimes the whole repair of a sewing machine consists only in replacing the needle.
Treat the needle with great care. Even if it outwardly has no blade defects and is not bent, try to change them more often anyway.
You do not need to throw out the used needles, as there are situations when the needles break one after the other, for example, when sewing a leather bag. Then remember about the jar with old needles.

Another reason for adjusting the sewing machine, especially the old manual machines such as Singer or Podolsk, is the incorrect insertion of the needle into the needle bar. The needle blade (fig. B) should be on the side of the hook nose. Remove the stitch plate and see if this is the case if the machine suddenly begins to twist and break the thread.

It often happens that a seamstress installs a needle from an industrial sewing machine into a household sewing machine. It is impossible to confuse a household needle with an industrial needle. A household needle has a special cut on the flask (Fig. B). But, nevertheless, it is the industrial types of needles that are installed. This absolutely should not be done. Firstly, you break the gap between the hook point and the needle blade, hence the gaps in the stitches, and secondly, you risk damaging the sewing machine hook. Some commercial needles are noticeably longer than household needles and may touch the surface of the hook, scratch it or even damage the hook.

Figure (A) shows a diagram of how to check the curvature of the needle.Externally, the needle cannot be determined whether it is a curve or not, and if you put it on the glass (2), you can easily check the gap (1). Please note that an uneven, bent needle will cause gaps in the stitching and will break sooner or later.

To make the sewing machine “more confident” to work with fabrics that are difficult to sew, such as knitwear, stretch, thin natural and artificial leather, denim, needles are produced for sewing just such fabrics and materials. They have a special point shape and make it easier for the thread to pass through the fabric, almost eliminating skipped stitches and looping of the upper thread.
See Home sewing machine needles.

The thread looping in the stitching, as well as the characteristic knock during their operation, is perhaps the main difference between sewing machines with a zigzag, such as Chaika, Podolskaya 142 of all models. In short, the looping in the stitching occurs due to uneven tension of the thread along its path: broken compensation spring, rusty sole of the foot, incorrectly set shuttle, etc. However, it is impossible to set many parameters yourself without experience. Therefore, if you have a poor quality stitch, pay attention first of all to the condition of the needle, to the tension of the lower thread in the bobbin case, and whether the upper thread tensioner is working properly. Very often, children like to disassemble and assemble it, and after such a repair, the machine stops working.

It is sometimes necessary to repair the sewing machine Chaika quite often, and this is not due to the breakdown of parts, the parts are just very strong, but with the misalignment of the interaction of some units of the sewing machine, mainly the shuttle move.
Almost all of these tips for repairing a sewing machine Chaika can be used for other models of household machines.

First of all, check the nose of the shuttle with a magnifying glass; it should not have any chipping or rusty spots. If there are jags, they must be removed with a small file and polished to a shine, otherwise the thread will constantly linger behind the file marks and loops will appear below. Only this must be done carefully so as not to blunt the tip of the shuttle nose.

Sometimes the bobbin (the bobbin thread is wound around it) can cause repairs to the sewing machine. Yes, it is repair, since an inexperienced "master" often disassembles and assembles all the units, when it is enough to simply replace the old metal bobbin with a new plastic one. If the edges of the metal bobbin are jagged and the bobbin case itself is clogged with thread fleece, the bobbin thread will come out in jerks and the upper thread in the stitching will periodically loop from below.

Often the reason for contacting a sewing machine repairman is that the upper thread is poorly regulated. You are tightening it almost completely, but the tension is still too weak. Look, perhaps, between the tensioner plates, thread fluff has accumulated, which prevents the washers from fully squeezing. The fastening of the tensioner (Chaika) may have loosened.

But still, most often, sewing machines such as the Seagull have a malfunction in the parameters of the shuttle and the needle. This is a complex type of repairing a sewing machine, more precisely setting, but for general information it is advisable to know the main reason due to which all the "troubles" of sewing machines occur.

The most common cause of a sewing machine malfunction is the upper thread. Thread breakage, looping in a stitch, uneven stitching, skips, etc. This often depends on the upper thread tensioner.
It is the fastening of the tension regulator (Seagull) that most often causes its poor performance. The plastic body is pressed under the pressure of the screw and over time the tensioner begins to stagger, or even completely "falls out" of the body.

In this photo, arrows indicate the attachment of the needle bar and tensioner. When sewing rough fabrics, intersecting seams on leather goods, and especially when hemming jeans, the needle bar may move upward with the needle.
Loosen the screw slightly and adjust its position, making sure that the blade and needle groove are in the correct position in relation to the hook (not turning left or right).
For details on how to disassemble and assemble the sewing machine tensioner, see the article "The device of the sewing machine tensioner Chaika".

Adjusting the shuttle mechanism of sewing machines performing zigzag stitching by Chaika, Podolsk, Veritas and others implies setting the position of the looper point above the needle eye by 1.2 (3) mm at the moment the looper point approaches the needle. This parameter is checked when the sewing machine sews not only the straight stitch, but also the left and right needle drop (when sewing the zigzag stitch).
The point of the shuttle must at the same time pass almost closely to the blade of the needle - this is the second condition that allows you to form a stitch without gaps.

In this photo, the arrow indicates the fastening of the shuttle shaft. Loosen the screw with a 10-point wrench, and holding the handwheel by hand, you can turn the shaft (together with the shuttle stroke) by adjusting the position of the hook point in relation to the needle.

However, these are not all the parameters for adjusting the interaction of the hook nose and needle. There is such a parameter as the timeliness of the approach of the shuttle nose to the needle, namely at the moment when the needle starts to rise. The needle descends to the lowest point, and when raised by 1.8-2.0 mm, it should meet the nose of the shuttle, the shuttle removes the loop from the needle and wraps around itself.

But that's not all. For sewing machines performing a zigzag stitch, there is such a thing as right and left needle prick. With the left and right prick of the needle, the nose of the shuttle should “confidently” remove the loop formed above the eye of the needle. It should run slightly above the eye of the needle, but less than the distance of the eye of the needle itself, about 1 mm.

However, such adjustments are often not required to be performed, it is enough just to check with a magnifying glass how the shuttle interacts with the needle and make sure that repairs, adjusting the sewing machine are not needed, and look for another reason. For example, change the threads, thread them correctly, change the needle, clean the shuttle from dust and fleece, etc.
To make it easier for you to repair the sewing machine, disassemble the shuttle move and study its device. Observe how the stitch is formed when the stitch plate is removed. At the same time, check all the shuttle settings described above. See also How the sewing hook works.

The settings above can be used as a guide if you decide to repair your sewing machine yourself. As a rule, the machine will work normally with such gaps, but if you need to sew knitted fabrics that are too thin (silk) or, on the contrary, thickened fabrics, you need a more accurate adjustment of these parameters, which can only be set by the master.

In many cases, sewing machine repairs will not be necessary as long as the sewing machine is kept clean and lubricated periodically. If a seamstress takes care of her machine, then, therefore, she will protect it from overload during work, not let it into the “wrong” hands, which means that the sewing machine will break less often.

After prolonged operation, clean the bobbin compartment and other accessible places from dust, fleece, oil stains. The shuttle itself, the shuttle mechanism, should be periodically cleaned with a stiff hair brush. It is advisable to lubricate the machine at least once every six months, and after lubricating it a little “idle” on it, especially if the machine is not used for a long time. During operation, the oil heats up slightly and better penetrates into units and places of friction.

It is better to draw machine oil into a medical syringe and bury it in small drops in accessible places where there is friction of metal parts.

The big enemy of all mechanisms is dirt and rust, try to keep the car in a cool, dry place.If the machine will not be used for a long time, protect it from dust, otherwise the oil from the dust will harden, and the machine will turn tightly, or even jam. This case is considered in the article Podolsk Manual Sewing Machine.

Inexpensive Sewing Machine: Pros and Cons
In this article, we will figure out whether such a combination is possible - "an inexpensive and good machine" and how an inexpensive sewing machine that costs 3-4 thousand rubles differs from a machine that costs 30 thousand.

We sew knitwear without gaps and looping
Many who tried to sew knitwear on an ordinary sewing machine noticed that the machine often refuses to make a beautiful and even stitch. There are gaps in the knitted stitching, the lower thread loops and sometimes breaks. Why is this happening and how can you fix it?

What is the difference between a carpetlock and an overlocker and a coverlock
The coverlock is a modern and versatile machine that can overcast fabrics, sew cover stitches and even stitch parts like a regular sewing machine. But it is impossible to repair such a sewing machine with your own hands, you must definitely contact the service center.

Decorative stitching in difficult areas
Sometimes it is required to make a perfectly even decorative stitching on a product, but you cannot draw a line with chalk - traces will remain, and there is not enough experience to scribble "by eye". Simple tips on how to sew on “difficult” areas.

What to buy a sewing machine
For those who rarely sew simple products or occasionally perform minor repairs on clothes, you can buy an inexpensive economy-class sewing machine. It performs almost all operations, is easy to operate, and most importantly, for such a machine, it will be cheaper to build repairs if suddenly it is needed.

Tips for setting up an overlock
The overlock is much more complex than sewing machines. It is almost impossible to repair an overlock without special knowledge and skills. However, repair or adjustment is not always required, sometimes it is enough just to adjust the thread tension and it will again overcast the fabric with high quality.

Sewing a dress with your own hands
How to sew a dress with your own hands. Technology and sequence of sewing dresses for beginners.

How to make a pattern and other tips for beginners
How to make a pattern, what tools are needed for this. These and many other tips for beginners.

The main, typical malfunctions and malfunctions in the operation of sewing machines: poor stitching, thread breakage, needle breakage.
Skipped stitches in the sewing machine and overlock stitch appear when a low-quality, unsuitable thread is used. The amount of clearance between the needle and the hook nose (loopers in the overlock) also affects this.
Defects such as “slanting stitch”, upper and lower thread breakage can usually be corrected by adjusting the tension of both threads. But, if after adjusting the tension the stitching defects do not disappear, then it will be necessary to regulate the interaction of the shuttle stroke and the needle, the mechanism for advancing the fabric, etc. This is especially characteristic of the Chaika sewing machine. Moreover, if the parameters of the installation of the “Seagull” shuttle have gone astray, then it is rather difficult to carry out such an adjustment on your own. But mostly to eliminate malfunctions and malfunctions of sewing machines You can adjust the thread tension correctly, change the needle, lubricate and clean the machine.

- After disassembly, the upper thread tensioner is not assembled correctly.
- Incorrect threading.
- Poor thread quality.
- The thread number does not match the needle number.
- The bobbin case lock spring is loose.
A very small screw can be found inside the bobbin case, and if you unscrew it, the lock mechanism can be removed and a long spring can be found. Try stretching this spring slightly, but it is better to buy a new bobbin case.
- There are barbs and burrs on the way of the thread to the needle.
Carefully trace the path of the thread and, after finding the jags, remove them with a small file. In old machines of the Podolsk type, there may be thread cuts on the tensioner rod. Disassemble the tensioner and inspect the rod, if there are such cuts, remove them with a sandpaper.

- An unsuitable bobbin for the sewing machine is being used. When buying bobbins from a store, take your own bobbin with you. Not all bobbins are interchangeable. See also Sewing stitch - thread break.

- The reason for the breakage of the lower thread can be a poor-quality thread, for example, cotton thread of the Soviet era.
- The screw protrudes too much to hold down the spring (plate) on the bobbin case.
The bobbin thread tension is often adjusted and sharp notches appear on the screw head. The lower thread, wrapping around the bobbin case, clings to them and breaks off.
- The bobbin case bobbin thread tension is too tight.
- Notches on the edges of the bobbin.
The thread gets caught between the bobbin and the bobbin case walls and breaks. Change the bobbins as soon as the first chipping or chipping appears.
- The edges of the bobbin are bent, there are needle pits and notches.

- The thread on the spool and bobbin is not wound evenly. Do not wind the thread around the bobbin by hand; use a special device for this. The even placement of the thread on the bobbin ensures the same even thread flow. Hand-wound thread can be pinched by other turns and pull the upper thread more than it should. As a result, loops appear from below.

- The upper thread tension is too loose or the lower thread tension is too tight. Adjust the bobbin thread tension so that while holding the thread, the bobbin case does not drop. Only with a sharp movement should the thread come out slightly from the cap.
- Cuttings or pieces of thread are caught between the washers of the upper thread tension. Over the years the sewing machine has been in operation, there are threads of thread accumulating between the tensioner washers. Gradually, they turn into seals, preventing the washers from completely clamping the thread.
- The bobbin thread tension is too loose or the upper thread tension is too tight.
See also Why the horizontal shuttle machine loops.

- Dirt or feathers, thread cuttings have gotten under the leaf spring of the bobbin case.
- There is a notch under the leaf spring in the bobbin case. This happens after many years of intensive work on the sewing machine. Bobbin case malfunctions should not be repaired by yourself, except for cleaning and adjusting the thread tension. The best solution to troubleshooting a bobbin case is to buy a new bobbin case.
- Weak thread tension on both threads.
- Tight tension on both threads.

- Weak foot pressure.
- The sole of the foot is skewed and does not hold the fabric down with the entire surface.
- The teeth of the rack are dull.
- The sewing machine rack is set to the embroidery mode, or the teeth of the rack are too low to catch the fabric. Correct position of the teeth when sewing medium thick fabrics: When the rack is lifted to the maximum from the needle plate, the teeth should be fully raised, but not higher than the height of the teeth. Positioning them too high will "seat" the fabric or constrict it.

- The needle number does not match the thread number or fabric thickness.
- The needle is bent.
- The needle is not fully inserted into the needle bar.
- The needle does not pass through the center of the needle hole of the plate. The needle should pass exactly in the center of the hole in the needle plate. Make sure that the needle does not touch the rail when using the sewing machine. An incorrect needle position may be caused by a bent needle bar.
- The position of the needle bar is too low or high.
- Incorrect sewing. When sewing, do not pull on the fabric by hand, find the reason why the machine does not feed the fabric well. Adjust the pressure of the presser foot against the fabric.

- The needle is too high when it meets the hook point to not catch the needle loop. See Setting the hook operation of the sewing machine.
- The needle is bent or the tip of the needle is blunt.
A curved needle can be detected in the light by twisting it on a flat and dark plane.
- The needle is not inserted all the way to the stop or incorrectly on the wrong side.
- Using a needle that is not the intended type for this sewing machine. Often, industrial needles are used in household sewing machines. They do not have a saw cut on the flask and are absolutely not intended for such machines.
- Misadjusted settings for the interaction of the needle and shuttle.

Of course, this is not all. malfunctions, malfunctions of sewing machines. The above list of faults is designed to eliminate them yourself, without contacting the master. Breakdowns associated with wear of parts and malfunctioning of some units cannot be eliminated with your own hands without special knowledge and experience.
For more information on how to find and fix these and other problems with the sewing machine, read other articles on our site, for example How to find the cause of a sewing machine malfunction.

Hand sewing machine - malfunctions and repairs
If the foot drive can be said to be a complete antique, then the manual drive can be used, especially for beginners to learn to sew. Read about how to repair this device yourself in this article.

Repair of sewing machines Podolsk
Major malfunctions and malfunctions of these sewing machines, as a rule, are not related to its adjustment. Sometimes it is enough to set the needle correctly, replace low-quality threads, select the correct upper and lower thread tension and the machine will work fine again.

Causes of needle breakage on the sewing machine
A broken needle on the sewing machine is a sign that it requires a "serious" adjustment, adjustment. But, often, adjusting the sewing machine is not required, just stop pulling the fabric while sewing. The second common reason for needle breakage is sewing thick fabrics that are not intended for this model of sewing machine.

Reasons for skipped stitches on the sewing machine
Skipping occurs due to the fact that the nose of the shuttle “meets” the needle and does not pick up the upper thread from it. Either it is far from the needle (large gap), the upper thread loop is too early or late, or too small. That's all the reasons, simple, isn't it? It remains only to find out why this is happening and how to fix these malfunctions.

Why does the stitch loop
The line loops, which means that the upper thread “slows down” during movement and its excess appears. There are many reasons for this, ranging from the uneven thickness of the thread itself, ending with the shuttle course. Begin by carefully following the path of the thread. It may just be clinging to a small notch in the yarn feeder.

Foot sewing machine drive
Rarely, but sometimes you can find a car with a foot drive. The best solution is to install an electric drive on the machine instead of repairing the drive. This is not difficult at all and everyone who has a screwdriver can install it with their own hands. But, if you need recommendations on how to make repairs, adjust the foot drive, this article is at your service.

The device and settings of the sewing machine
Malfunctions and malfunctions of the sewing machine it will be easier to fix if you understand how the sewing machine works and what part is used for what. Study carefully the device of your machine according to the instructions or using our article.

Sewing machine lubrication
The machine must be lubricated at least once a year. But do not pour it abundantly with oil. The oil tends to dry out over time, and the resulting clots of dried oil can cause some malfunctions of the sewing machine.

Sewing machine bobbin
The bobbin is the very inconspicuous detail that no one pays attention to. And it is she who is the cause of many problems and malfunctions of the sewing machine. You can disassemble the entire machine without finding the cause of the stitching “looping”. And it is worth replacing the bobbin with a new one, smooth and light, and the stitching will be smooth and beautiful.

Sewing machine care
The sewing machine needs lubrication like your machine's engine oil. But we take care of the car and wash it with shampoo almost every week. Why not then wipe off the dust from the body of the sewing machine, not brush its internal mechanisms so that they are clean and dry, without traces of oil and fleece from threads.

Do you have a sewing machine and love to sew? Then this site is for you. Professional craftsmen will tell you how to make minor repairs to a sewing, knitting machine. Experienced technologists will share the secrets of tailoring. Review articles will tell you which sewing or knitting machine to buy, a mannequin iron and many other useful tips you will find on our website.
Thank you for viewing the entire page.

Many needlewomen still have sewing machines left over from their grandmothers. They sew beautifully and rarely break. But if repair is still required, then how to repair sewing machines with your own hands? How do you find out what exactly is out of order?

In case of serious breakdowns, only a professional technician can help the car. Although, as practice shows, most often repairs as such are not required and you just need to adjust the optimal thread tension, correctly set the needle relative to the shuttle and perform other similar manipulations.

If all these nuances are met, then we will only briefly dwell on such causes of breakdown as the installation of unsuitable needles, threads or improper technical operation of the machine. Also take into account that the threads are correctly inserted into the needle and during the sewing process there is no tension on the fabric by the seamstress. After that, let's highlight the main parameters indicating a breakdown.

Common reasons:

1. Unstable stitch (gaps in the line, different lengths, breakage of the upper or lower threads, etc.).
2. Abnormal stitching (pulling the material into an "accordion", bevelling the stitch, excessive tightening or, on the contrary, weakened thread tightening into the stitch, etc.).
3. Violations of the stability of the machine (noise during operation, "heavy" stroke, breakage of the needle during operation, sudden jamming, etc.).

Before repairing sewing machines with your own hands, you need to carefully inspect the needle that you are using at the moment, the shuttle, adjust the manual settings to eliminate trouble. Most likely, your troubleshooting work with such actions will end, because in most cases this is enough to get the machine working.

Most malfunctions can be prevented by cleaning and lubricating the sewing machine parts in time. This simple rule will allow you to encounter breakdowns as little as possible.

Gaps in the line to be inserted can be caused by:

• blunt nose of the shuttle;
• loose attachment of the needle;
• an unnecessarily thick needle for the selected fabric;
• improperly selected ratio of the size of the thread and the eyelet of the needle (too thick thread);
• incorrect installation of the needle;
• defect of the needle (bent point and the like).

To check whether the needle is bent or not, inspect it using a magnifying glass. If the tip is bent, replace the needle. Remember that it is not only the needle itself that is important, but also the correct installation. Incorrect position can also cause thread breakage. In most machines, the needle is set so that the sawn-off part of the flask faces away from the seamstress. The thread groove looks at it and it is from the side of the groove that the thread will be inserted.

The breakage of the threads can occur due to their excessive tension or due to the contact of the thread with a rough surface as it advances. Inspect the hook for irregularities and, if found, rub lightly with a buffing file or finest emery paper. Do this carefully so as not to create new scratches.

Many sewing machine malfunctions can be solved by yourself. But if you doubt that you can find the cause or are poorly versed in the internal filling of the machine, it is better to take the machine to a repair service.

1. Pulling the fabric into an "accordion" occurs due to the difference in the operation of the device moving the fabric and the needles. To check if this is the case, look at the teeth as you work. They should be hidden under the plate almost completely (only 1.5-2 mm is allowed), at the moment when the needle is almost close to the plate. It is unlikely that it will be possible to make such repairs on your own, so it is better to trust a professional.
2. Tightening of the stitching may occur due to tight thread tension at the top and if the presser foot presses too loosely on the fabric. It is important to adjust the thread tension and pressure. A similar nuisance is also possible due to wear on the smooth surface of the foot or the teeth of the rail.
3. The sewing of a line, its poor-quality execution occurs due to the excessive supply of the upper thread. In this case, you need to adjust the parameters of the shuttle stroke or remove irregularities on the parts through which the upper thread passes.

It is advisable to entrust the repair of the electric drive of the sewing machine to the master. Most often, the engine burns out and cannot be repaired, so it is easier and easier to replace it.

1. A heavy stroke during work can be associated with:

• with excessive tension of the electric drive belt;
• with a lack of lubrication of parts;
• sewing debris into the shuttle mechanism.

1. Jamming during operation occurs due to long downtime of the mechanism. If the machine has been idle for a long time, then before starting to sew, lubricate the parts with machine oil and run idle. This will allow the oil to distribute to the parts and ensure smooth operation further.
2. The needle may break during operation with the wrong thickness for certain types of fabrics, if the wrong needle is selected for this model (rarely, but it is found), it may also be not fully installed or be offset to any edge of the needle hole. It is possible that the seamstress herself pulls the fabric excessively when sewing. Inspect the mechanism and eliminate possible causes.

Use the correct type of oil. Some oils can dry on parts to form a sticky substance similar to glue. This prevents parts from moving easily, making it difficult for the machine to move.

You can get acquainted more clearly with the process of self-repairing a sewing machine with your own hands from the presented plot.

As far as it became clear from the article, the repair of old sewing machines, like new ones, becomes necessary most often because of small and easily fixable problems. All that is required is some skill in adjusting the movement of the movement, as well as maintaining the cleanliness of the parts. This way you can work on the sewing machine for a long time without visiting the repairman.

What are you going to fix in the sewing machine? With regards to products from the time of Stalin, nothing ... It works to this day. Modern breakdowns will torment, a bunch of settings get confused, requiring correction to get the desired result. We have nothing against progress, but historians consider a society preoccupied with consumption as an intermediate stage. Like a tax on bridges erected by medieval feudal lords to impose tribute on pedestrians. It got to insanity: buildings were built out of the blue for profit. Low-quality things are akin to ancient savagery and will become a thing of the past. Do-it-yourself sewing machine repair is a pleasure! The weak half is strong in needlework, when a strong helper is at home.

In 1953, Clifford Simak's story, The Ring Around the Sun, was released. The meaning of the plot: in orbit there are countless myriads of Earths located in parallel universes. Events developed against the backdrop of the curious invention of the eternal light bulb. Then the ever-mobiles appeared. Clifford described the fall of the consumer society, the goods were bought once, used a whole life, remember Stalin ... A revolution happened, working people, fearing to lose their jobs, began to destroy modernized factories, the most interesting thing was built by people moving between dimensions. In a ring around the sun.

Until 1829, inventions in the field of sewing machines would be called unsuccessful, although Leonardo da Vinci created the first drawings that would be equal to future generations. During the era of manufactories, the French tailor Timonier created a wooden model, which they immediately began to copy and reproduce. One replaced several apprentices. There were massive demonstrations of artisans who saw a threat to existence (I wonder what the rulers will do, if scientists create a computer that makes decisions, can grimace, they will immediately destroy it?). The matter went far: 200 local tailors destroyed the workshop of new mechanical sewing machines, Timonye had to flee, fearing for the safety of his life. Not the first time: the inventor of the loom suffered a similar fate.

The surviving fruits of the technological revolution

During his life, Timonier created a billion modifications of the sewing machine. Some technical solutions are still used by household, industrial modifications. 300 stitches every minute were made by machines, today's electric models are capable of producing three times more. For 200 years! The frequency of computer processors doubles every two to three years (growth has slowed down since 2010). Timonier's sewing machine worked with silk and other delicate fabrics.

In parallel, in 1834, Walter Hunt invented a model with a shuttle, reminiscent of modern ones. By 1848 Elios Howe created the first sewing machine containing the features of the present. The fabric feeder appears. The sewing machine is equipped with a horizontal curved needle, makes 300 stitches per minute, replaces three tailors. The workers of the USA revolted and destroyed the shop. The inventor had to flee, fearing for his life. The last stitch was probably made by Singer. Gives the needle a vertical motion, introducing the modern look of the toothed strips pressed by the foot. In 1900, a workshop in Podolsk was built, where 5000 people worked for the October Revolution. Initially, Singer parts were imported from the United States, then they began to be manufactured in Russia.

Brother, Janome, Bernina, and other brands of sewing machines appeared. People are afraid of change, but change is inevitable. Revolutionaries hinder progress. Imagine if inventors stopped producing promising technologies. Humanity will continue to explore caves and trees instead of cities with multi-storey buildings.

I immediately remembered modern economical light bulbs. I had a chance to talk to an old sewing machine, it became clear, probably, since the time of invention, the technology retained the principle, settings. The quality of the parts was not right. Although they discovered smooth surfaces (nanotechnology), they created strong alloys. A main shaft with a crankshaft is introduced inside. Moving parts of the sewing machine work from it. What will be stated below affects the repair of hand sewing machines:

1. The needle is directly connected to the shaft. To ensure the forward movement up and down, a crankshaft is held inside. An eyelet is made in the needle where the thread is threaded. When moving down, the fabric is pierced, the loop is captured by the shuttle moving in a circle, in one direction, in the other. For 1 revolution of the main shaft it manages to run back and forth.
2. The shuttle is driven by a separate shaft connected to the main one by means of a knee. The phase of movement is regulated by a screw. You can rotate the auxiliary shaft relative to the main one. Synchronization of movement is achieved. Let's discuss repairing the sewing machine shuttle.
3. The third component, which ensures the movement of the fabric along the seam in the desired direction, are the toothed strips. Made of steel, they move like the legs of a person when walking. They go down, go forward, go up, go back. There is one cycle per stitch.

It is important to correctly set the vertical position of the toothed strips. When the needle plunges into the fabric, the top edges of the teeth will be level with the sewing machine table.

Unlike other devices, the toothed strips are driven by two shafts. One is responsible for horizontal movement, the other for vertical movement. The adjustment method is the same. A screwed screw on the axis of the corresponding shaft, which changes the position of the segment relative to the phase of the main shaft. Correct adjustment of the toothed strips is achieved.

It is important to ensure the correct position of the needle in relation to the hook. Remember three landmarks to look up to. Please note: for modern models, the old ones are arranged differently, and adjustment is required once every hundred years (twice since the invention)!

1. In the lower position, the eye of the needle is 4 - 6 mm below the nose of the vertical hook.
2. The nose of the hook is compared with the edge of the needle - the distance from the top edge of the nose-hole is 1 mm.
3. When the top edge of the tab is aligned with the bottom edge of the hook nose, the hook nose should extend 1 mm beyond the needle.

Approximate guidelines, you can use it, decorating the horizon, the need to repair sewing machines with your own hands.

Wise mom instructs daughter correctly

Repairing the electric sewing machine is not the only thing to do. The heel clamp is adjusted so that the fabric stops crawling. Made with a special screw. There is a spring inside, so the setting can be approximate, it will rarely be required. This applies to stitch lengths. For thin fabrics, more frequent are recommended, for thick fabrics, rare. In mechanical machines, the reverse is often turned on with a handle, it is inconvenient when you need to sew a patch, it is better to forget about the inscriptions altogether.

It is much more important to set the upper and lower thread tension correctly. If done incorrectly, a number of unpleasant effects will occur when using a sewing machine:

1. When the upper thread tension is loosened, there will be loops at the bottom of the seam. It is corrected by a special adjustment mechanism until the result is satisfactory. You can loosen the bobbin thread with the bobbin screw. It is important to know: too little tension is not allowed - the seam will not work at all - too strong - the thread may break. The last two cases are malfunctions, take note.
2. Pull the upper thread too tight - the fabric begins to pull together. Seen from jagged, billowing edges. You can release the upper thread, pull the lower one. Please note that you should not be too zealous. The pulled thread breaks, as mentioned above.