In detail: do-it-yourself repair of a VAZ 2112 starter from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
It is more convenient to work on a viewing ditch or a lift by removing the mudguard of the VAZ 2110 engine.
Disconnect the negative cable from the battery.
Disconnect the traction relay control wire.
Using the “13” key, unscrew the nut of the positive starter wire ...
... and take it off.
Using a “15” wrench, unscrew the two nuts securing the starter to the clutch housing of the VAZ 2112.
Remove the starter VAZ 2111.
Using the “10” head, unscrew the nut of the lower output of the traction relay and remove the wire tip from the output.
Using the “8” head, we unscrew the two bolts of the traction relay ...
... and retrieve it.
The connection of the traction relay to the front starter cover is sealed with a gasket. Remove the gasket and remove the spring and the traction relay armature from the front cover.
Using the "10" wrench, unscrew the two nuts of the tie rods.
We dismantle the stator of the VAZ 2110 together with the anchor from the cover pins.
Remove the central gear from the armature shaft.
Use a Phillips screwdriver to unscrew the two screws ...
... and remove the back cover.
Remove the brush holder.
We take out the anchor from the stator.
Remove the adjusting washer from the armature axis.
We take out the support of the armature shaft.
We take out the three planetary gears of the drive.
Pressing your finger on the drive gear, pry the lever support with a screwdriver and remove the VAZ 2112 drive assembly with the drive shaft support and the lever.
Remove the support from the lever.
We support the end surface of the ring gear on a wooden block.
Placing the jaws of the open-end wrench "on 13" on the stop ring of the drive gear and, hitting the wrench with a hammer, press the stop ring.
We pry the locking ring with a screwdriver and remove it.
Remove the drive gear travel stop ring.
We dismantle the drive assembly.
Use pliers to open the retaining ring and remove it.
We take out the washer ...
... and the drive shaft support.
We remove the ring gear of the planetary gearbox VAZ 2112 from the drive shaft.
By external inspection we check the condition of the collector and the armature windings. No charring of the windings is allowed.
If the collector is slightly burnt, we clean its plates with a fine abrasive cloth.
If severely burnt and worn, the armature should be replaced.
Seizure and enveloping of the bearing material on the journals of the armature shaft are eliminated with the finest sandpaper, followed by polishing.
With an ohmmeter, we check the armature windings for a short circuit to the case. The ends of the windings should be well soldered to the lamellas. Blackening of windings and separation of varnish insulation from them is not allowed.
When the brushes are worn out, we change the brush holder assembly.
The assembly of the VAZ 2111 starter is performed in the reverse order.
Before installing the brush holder on the armature collector, remove the springs of all four brushes in order for the brushes to slide into the guides.
To do this, bending back the four clips of the spring holder ...
… Take out the spring.
After installing the brush holder on the armature collector, install the springs and bend the spring holders.
Install the back cover and attach it to the brush holder.
When installing the armature in the stator, we hold the armature from being attracted by the permanent magnets of the stator with a long screwdriver and lower the stator of the VAZ 2110 onto the back cover.
We install the stop ring of the drive gear on the stop ring using sliding pliers.
Apply lubricant SHRUS-4 to the gears of the planetary reducer.
Video (click to play).
You will need: keys "10" and "13", socket wrench (head) "8", screwdrivers with cross-shaped and flat blades, pliers for removing circlips, tubular mandrel, hammer.
1. Remove the starter from the car (see."Removal and installation of a starter").
2. Unscrew the nut that secures the tire to the contact bolt.
3. Disconnect the tire from the traction relay contact bolt.
4. Remove the two bolts securing the traction relay and.
6. Remove the traction relay armature by lifting it up to release the armature loop from the lever.
7. Remove the two tie rod nuts.
8. Remove the drive end cover with gear and drive assembly.
9. Remove the cover from the side of the brush holder and brushes.
10. Remove the gear from the armature shaft.
11. Remove the armature from the stator.
12. Note that there is a washer on the drive end of the armature shaft.
13. Remove the armature shaft support.
14. Remove the two tie rods from the drive end cover. It is not necessary to unscrew these pins, but it is more convenient to remove the gearbox and drive without them.
15. Remove the three planetary gears of the reducer. If their teeth or needle bearings embedded in the gears are damaged, replace the gears.
16. Remove the gearbox with the drive from the cover by pressing on the gear wheel of the starter drive.
17. Remove the support with the seal from the lever.
18. Remove support 1 from seal 2. The plastic support must not be severely worn or damaged. Replace defective bearings and severely deformed or hardened rubber gaskets.
19. Knock the retaining ring off the retaining ring using a suitable mandrel.
20. Remove the retaining ring and then the stop ring.
21. Remove the actuator assembly from the actuator shaft.
22. Remove the lever retaining ring.
23. Remove the lever with a driver and a washer.
24. Remove the lever spring.
25. Remove the lever from the leash and separate the halves of the lever.
26. Remove the internal toothed gear retaining ring.
27. Remove the internal gear and drive shaft support from the shaft.
28. Remove the O-ring from the support. Replace a strongly deformed or lost elasticity ring.
29. Remove the insert from the support.
30. Remove the two screws and remove the brush holder from the collector side cover.
31. Prying the brush clips with a screwdriver.
32.. remove them and the hold-down springs. Replace deformed or damaged retainers and heavily compressed or bent springs.
33. Remove the brushes from the brush holder guides.
34. Remove the bare brushes.
35. Remove the cardboard insulation pad. Replace a torn or over-crimped gasket.
36. Remove the connecting bar with insulated brushes.
37. Examine the anchor. If the collector 1 is dirty or has risks, traces of burning, etc., sand the collector with fine glass cloth. If there is a significant roughness of the collector or mica protrusion between its plates (lamellas), grind the collector on a lathe and then grind it with fine glass sandpaper. The runout of the core relative to the shaft journals should not exceed 0.08 mm. If not, replace the anchor. If you find a yellow plaque from the bearing on the armature shaft 2, remove it with a fine sandpaper, as this can lead to the gear sticking on the shaft. If there are scuff marks, nicks on the surfaces of the journals and splines of the shaft, replace the armature. Check the reliability of soldering the leads of the winding 3 of the armature to the collector plates. Inspect the winding at the ends of the armature; the diameter of the winding should be less than the iron package of the armature. Otherwise, replace the anchor.
38. Check the condition of the armature winding using a test lamp supplied with an alternating current of 220 V. Supply voltage to the collector plate and the armature core. The lamp should not be lit. If the lamp is on, then there is a short circuit of the armature winding or collector plate to ground. In this case, replace the anchor.
39. While holding the overrunning clutch, turn the starter gear in both directions: clockwise the gear should rotate freely, but should not rotate counterclockwise. If not, replace the drive.
40.Install the starter drive on the drive shaft, it should move freely, without jamming along the shaft splines.
41. If the drive parts are badly worn or damaged, replace the drive. If nicks are found on the lead-in part of the gear teeth, grind them with a fine-grained small-diameter emery wheel.
42. Inspect the shaft bushings installed in the drive end starter cover, manifold end cover, armature shaft support and drive shaft support. If bushings are worn out or have scuffs, pits, etc., replace covers or supports with defective bushings. Also replace covers and supports that are cracked.
43. Inspect the stator, if there are traces of rubbing on the armature, replace the rear cover and intermediate support.
44. Replace brushes that are worn to less than 3.5 mm between the work surface and the terminal.
45. Check the ease of movement of the brushes in the guides of the brush holder. They should move without jamming, and the brush holder itself should not have chips or cracks.
46. Inspect the drive shaft. Screw splines and journals must be free from scoring and heavy wear. Remove the traces of copper transfer from the bushings on the journals with fine glass cloth, as they can subsequently cause the shaft to jam. The carrier and its three gear axles should not have any backlash in the connections.
47. Check with an ohmmeter whether the contact bolts of the traction relay are closed by the contact plate. To check, assemble the circuit shown in the photo and slide the armature inside the relay until it stops. If the bolts do not close, replace or repair the relay.
48. To repair the relay, unscrew the two screws 1 and unsolder the terminals 2 of the relay windings, remove the cover 3, clean the bolt heads and the contact plate with an emery cloth. If the bolt heads are badly burnt, turn the bolts 180 °. Reassemble the relay in reverse order
49. Assemble the starter in reverse order. Before assembly, lubricate the drive gear teeth with engine oil, helical drive shaft splines, internal gear teeth, planetary gears and rotor shaft splines with grease (CIATIM-201, 202, 203 or Litol-24).
50. The brush holder must be installed in the starter separately from the cover on the collector side, since the brushes are pushed out of the guide springs and it is impossible to keep them in their original position without a special device. For preliminary assembly and installation of the brush holder, use a thin-walled mounting sleeve 1 with a diameter equal to or slightly larger than the collector diameter (about 30 mm).
51. Install the assembled brush holder into the starter housing until it stops, remove the mounting sleeve and install the cover from the manifold side.
This article will detail the instructions for removing the starter from the VAZ-2112 car, the starter device and, indeed, the entire ignition system as a whole, will be described and visually shown.
The video below describes the replacement of the starter on the VAZ-2110 (on the 16-valve VAZ-2112 it changes in the same way):
We will need the new starter itself, the keys "13" and "15", you can also use the heads and ratchets for convenience.
First of all, remove the negative terminal on the battery (this is necessary for safety, in order to avoid a short circuit).
Unscrew the starter mounts
The starter is installed in the reverse order, and for simplicity, here is a small and clear diagram for connecting to the starter relay:
Connection diagram of the starter to the car relay
Let's introduce a little theory about the ignition system and directly about the starter.
The ignition system is necessary to start the engine, the starter itself is created to create a powerful current (by passing, so to speak, through the starter winding). This is done so that this energy turns the flywheel half a turn.
The main components of the starter:
You can see in more detail in the picture.
Front cover with plain bearing.
Bendix (inclusion drive).
Planetary reductor.
Rotor with manifold.
Housing with stator.
Solenoid relay.
Brush assembly.
The back cover with a sliding bearing. You can see more details in the picture.
Most of these causes can be diagnosed by trying to start the engine by closing the contacts on the starter.
There are many reasons for the malfunction of the ignition system and the starter is not always to blame for everything, so before changing the part, ask yourself that it is exactly the case. Check the relay, and the presence of voltage at the terminals of the starter. More details in the material: why does not the starter turn?
As a rule, a starter on a car of any brand performs one of the most important functions. This is a real electric motor, without which the car engine will not fully start. The word starter is English, which translated into Russian means start - start. How does the starter work? Immediately after the current enters the device, it starts to work and feeds the torque further to the motor. The principle of operation is simple, only it often happens that the starter fails. We will talk about this in this article. Let's try to disassemble its circuit and fix it on our own.
As you know, a new car can work without breakdowns for about five years. Then any "spare part" can fail, including the starter. Its malfunction is determined quite simply. It is not even necessary to take the car to a service center to understand this. The car will not start, or the starter motor shuts down spontaneously. Tapping or abnormal sounds are often heard. Many young and inexperienced motorists do not pay attention to these nuances and continue to drive. And this directly affects the starter and if it could still be saved, then after that it can become practically unusable. Experienced chauffeurs do not allow this. They carefully monitor their car and if such symptoms are detected, they immediately take action.
Repair of the VAZ 2110 starter is carried out immediately after a problem is detected. You need to arm yourself with patience, the necessary tools and first learn about its scheme.
The VAZ 2110 car starter is a small four-band electric motor. It, as mentioned above, provides primary rotation of the crankshaft. On average, three kW of energy is enough to start a gasoline engine on a VAZ 2110. Repair of the starter is sometimes necessary when the device is not able to ensure the operation of the engine at the same time. The starter itself is a DC motor that is powered directly from the battery. The starter design has 4 brushes, thanks to which the electric motor increases its power while receiving power.
Other main parts and elements of the starter include:
drive shaft;
a gear with an overrunning clutch inner ring;
drive shaft support with insert;
relay armature;
winding;
brush holder;
permanent magnet;
anchor core and much more.
As a rule, starters are of two types: with a gearbox and without it. Masters advise using the first option (on the VAZ 2110 it is exactly this). Such a device will require less current for normal operation and will provide torsion of the crankshaft with a weak battery. But long-term use of this type of starter leads to its rapid breakdown. The rotating gear fails. As for the starter without a gear, it directly sends the forward motion to the gears. Devices of this type have some advantages over geared starters. They are simple in design and easy to repair.
In order to start repairing the starter, you must remove it. Let's look at its connection diagram below:
starter connection diagram
Vaz 2110, the repair of the starter of which is carried out by hand, it is advisable to lift it to an overpass or pit. You can also put the car on a jack to make it easier to work. According to the diagram, we see that the starter is powered by battery 1.In addition, the diagram shows generator 2, switch 4 and the starter itself 3. So, we proceed to dismantling, but do not forget to remove the engine mudguard:
disconnect the negative wire from the battery;
disconnect the control wire from the starter traction relay;
with the key on "13" we unscrew the nut of the wire "plus" on the relay:
remove it;
with a key on "15" (it is rare and you can use the head), unscrew the 2 nuts fixing the starter with the clutch housing;
removing the starter;
with the head on "10" we unscrew the nut of the lower output of the traction relay;
we release the output of the wire tip;
with the head on "8" we unscrew the two bolts on the traction relay;
remove it.
Please note that the traction relay is connected to the front starter cover in a special way: there is a gasket seal between them. It is necessary to remove it and then remove the spring and the traction relay armature. Go ahead:
with a key "10", two tie rods are unscrewed;
the anchor with pins and the stator are removed;
the armature shaft of the central gear is removed;
use a Phillips screwdriver to unscrew the two screws;
remove the back cover;
remove the brush holder;
we take out the armature from the stator;
turn off the adjusting washer from the armature axis;
remove the armature shaft support (this is done with a screwdriver or a thin metal rod).
removal of the anchor shaft support
This does not end with the dismantling of a VAZ 2110 car. The starter, the repair of which is directly related to its complete dismantling and disassembly of parts, should be carefully inspected during the disassembly process.
we take out two tie rods with a small screwdriver (in principle, they do not need to be removed, then it will be more convenient to remove the gearbox and drive);
we take out the three gears of the gearbox (the starter often fails precisely because these gears have damaged teeth or needle-type bearings - if this is the case, then the parts are replaced and the starter is checked for normal operation).