In detail: do-it-yourself repair of LED lamps for 220 volts from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
Before undertaking the repair of an LED lamp, you need to imagine its device. Repair of LED lamps is not so complicated actions. Such repairs can be done by hand at home. For this, there are du8633, bp3122 or bp2832a diagrams of LED lamps and the boards that are installed in them. LED lamps are very often installed for modern chandeliers. Since the installation of the diodes is performed sequentially, if one fails, the chandelier can go out completely, that is, the circuit of all stops burning. Headlamp ice can be installed in a stock accordion even without processing. Schematic diagram of switching on, disassembly, how to solder, restore, change the driver boards cyt1000b and sm7307, if the diode part of the tape is off - more on this below.
Faults in LED lamps are different. For example, a diode is burned out or a board is out of order. Often, lamps burn out if they are placed outside, for example, in a lantern. Condensation in this case collects inside the lamp body, later you can find out that it burned out, stopped working. Such an LED lamp needs modification and soldering of the diodes.
Sometimes it is difficult to separate the diffuser glass, as silicone is applied to the fixing ring when it is seated
If necessary, in the event of a diode breakdown, the diode strip can be altered by soldering a jumper instead of the burnt out diode.
LED corn lamps, for example, are great for main lighting. These lamps are of high quality, but expensive. Also, an electronic table lamp can also work in conjunction with LEDs. The subwoofer is often decorated with LEDs for an interesting look.
In order to disassemble electric LED bulbs that have stopped burning:
You will need a soldering iron and a screwdriver.
First of all, we disassemble the glass, which can be removed quite easily on some lamps.
You just need to take the cap with your hand and pull it off.
The cap is matte light, so it softens the hard light from the LEDs well.
Inside the bulbs is a matrix with a large number of LEDs.
Next, you need a screwdriver to disassemble the light bulb. The radiator is carefully pushed in with a screwdriver and removed from the case. The LED matrix itself is soldered to the wires, the pads have a plus of gray and a minus of white. This needs to be unsoldered. At the bottom of the case is a switching power supply that converts 220V into a voltage suitable for powering LEDs.
Video (click to play).
How does a Navigator or Ecola LED lamp work? What does it look like inside, because its internal structure is not visible because of the case? Of course, the incandescent lamp is already in the past, it is transparent, so its device can be seen without disassembling the light bulb.
The main part of the LED lamp includes a board with LEDs (or on a strip of their circuit) and an electronic board (driversm7307):
The driver rectifies the alternating current and stabilizes it.
Also, the LED lamp has capacitors on the board.
The voltage of 220V is reduced to approximately 100 volts, rectified by a diode bridge.
There is also a smoothing capacitor (rectifier mb6s), which removes ripple.
The controller is built on the bp2831a microcircuit.
The microcircuit begins to generate a sequence of pulses to the key field-effect transistor, which leads to the appearance of a voltage on the winding. In Chinese lamps, everything is arranged much easier, but such a lamp will not last long either.
They are equipped with a non-isolated step-down constant current LED driver bp9833d.
It is not of decent quality, so you may need to replace the lamp soon. It happens that they fail after a month of use, although LED lamps are designed to last for many years.
It is no secret that LED lighting is penetrating our lives more and more extensively. The Videx LED lamp with an e27 base, 7 W, 220V, with a temperature of 3000 Kelvin and a luminous flux of 560 lumens is not endowed with waterproofing and, as a result, condensation can collect in it and breakdown occur.
Regardless of the appearance and type of LEDs used, all LED lamps are arranged in the same way.
LEDs are suitable for everything:
For basic lighting;
For a table lamp;
And even for the street.
To repair an LED bulb, you first need to check the LEDs. After removing the matrix with LEDs, you need to take a tester and check them. Having found a burned out LED, you need to replace it or separate it by soldering a jumper. It remains to collect everything in reverse order, everything in its place.
Before repairing LED luminaires from such companies as Cosmos, Gx53, Jazzway, Maxus or Ft9216 mortise luminaires, you must first disassemble them. To test the operation of the Maxus LED lamp, you need to prepare a long electrical cord, connect it to the lamp and to the network.
Watching the reaction of the lamp, you can understand what exactly does not work in it and how to fix it.
If, when connected to the network, no reaction of the LED lamp is observed, then you need to take a tester and ring the chain from the plug itself to the transformer. If it is found that power is supplied to the luminaire, then you need to look at the output voltage. Since each of the lines is connected in series in the luminaire, a certain current must be kept in the circuit so that the LEDs do not burn out. Also, you need to check all the LEDs in the luminaire. If they work, then you need to check the block.
The electrical circuit of the power supply is visually divided into parts:
PPS or KKM (power factor corrector);
Ice driver lis8516 (it is quite difficult to find an analogue of such a driver);
LEDs.
If the load is of sufficiently high power, at the peak of the capacitor charge, the consumption goes directly from the network. This is very bad for the shape of the sinusoidal voltage. So that the capacitor is charged not only when the voltage in the network is higher than the voltage of the element, but constantly, for this, a power factor corrector was invented. If you use it, then the capacitor is charged constantly in small pulses, and thus the voltage in the network becomes better. To check the operation of the power factor corrector, you need to take a tester, set it to 1000 volts and connect it to a capacitor. Getting started diagnosing and checking the lis8512 led driver, first of all, you need to check the choke with a continuity tester. Also, observing the polarity, you need to check the diode. You can check the resistance across the resistor.
How to check the LED in an LED lamp? There are some nuances in solving this problem. LEDs in lamps are different. In order to check them, sometimes a standard multimeter is not enough, since the voltage on the multimeter probes is only up to 3V.
For a lamp with single-chip LEDs, containing in its design 1 element with an operating voltage of 1.8 - 3.6 V, you can use a multimeter in the diode continuity mode for testing
LED bulb can be tested with single crystal low voltage LED. To do this, you need to turn on the tester for sound continuity, and check the LEDs using the probes. When checking the LED, the polarity must be observed. Put the red probe of the multimeter to the positive terminal of the LED, and the black one to the negative terminal.
Peculiarities:
If the polarity is incorrect, the LED will not light up.
If the LED is working, then when checked with a multimeter, it will glow.
But there are also 2-crystal LEDs, 3-crystal LEDs, and you cannot check them with a simple multimeter.
When you try to do this, none of the LEDs will light up.
What's the matter, maybe the LEDs are not working properly? No, because these LEDs work from increased voltage, since there are several crystals inside. A lamp with multichip LEDs containing 2 or more crystals in its structure is characterized by a fundamental sequence of their connection, and an operating voltage of more than 3V. To test the LEDs in such a lamp, a higher voltage is needed than on the multimeter probes. Such LEDs are used in powerful floodlights of 10 W and higher. A floodlight with a powerful LED will last for a long time.
If there is no reaction when checking with a multimeter, in such a situation you can take a 12 volt power supply and prepare a connector for it, from which 2 wires will go, and in series 1 1 kΩ resistor. It is needed in order not to damage the LED during testing. A resistor connected in series will limit the maximum current through the LED under test, which will prevent damage when tested from the power supply.
To check, you need:
Plug the power supply into the network;
Take improvised probes in the form of wires (for convenience, you can put probes from a multimeter);
Trying to check the LED.
If everything is done correctly, the LED will light up, which judges its serviceability. When the LED lamp burns out and does not turn on, it is not necessary to throw it away. You can resort to a small repair of an LED lamp at home with minimal costs, both money and time. The most common reasons for the failure of an ice lamp is the burnout of the LED and not soldering the wire to the base. The base must be soldered to the wiring. You can disassemble and eliminate the cause of the breakdown of an Asd lamp with an e27 base as follows. Analysis begins with the removal of the flask. This is a tricky process as it is sealed with a sealant. You can try to open it, or you can corny neatly cut it with a hacksaw for metal.
To determine which LED has burned out, you just need to look. There will be a black dot on the burned out diode. The ideal option, of course, would be to change the burned out diode to exactly the same working one. In order for the LED lamp to be usable and to work for a long time, you can put and solder a jumper around the edges of the burned out diode.
Light sources of this category are in great demand on the modern market. They consume a small amount of energy, are durable and resistant to various external influences. However, any technical device can fail during operation. A factory defect, which may appear after the end of the official warranty period, cannot be ruled out. Do-it-yourself qualified repair of LED lamps will help to fix the problem at no extra cost. This article provides technologies for restoring device operability at home with step-by-step instructions and explanations.
It should be noted right away that lamps with such LEDs (filament) cannot be repaired. In them, the flask is filled with an inert gas, and the manufacturers keep the exact composition secret. High-quality reproduction of industrial technology at home is impossible.
They are all made from standard, inexpensive LEDs that can be purchased easily. Typical tools are suitable for checking and performing work operations. The simplest special devices for dismantling and subsequent assembly can be made by hand.
It makes no sense to study physical processes in detail.Suffice it to say that in this case the light source is a specialized semiconductor device. It emits light when applied to a constant voltage of several volts at a relatively low current strength. This means that rectification and limitation of the corresponding electrical parameters will be required. The presence of a p-n junction indicates the possibility of clarifying the operability using a typical test of a conventional diode.
A driver is an electronic circuit that rectifies the voltage, limits the current to its nominal value. The required number of LEDs is installed on a substrate with a heat sink for heat dissipation. The diffuser eliminates irregularities in the luminous flux and excessive brightness of individual emitting elements.
In this simplest 220V LED lamp driver circuitry, capacitor C1 together with resistor R1 reduce the voltage to the desired value. It is determined by the number of LEDs connected in series. On each of them, the voltage drop is about 3 V (the exact value is indicated in the technical data sheet of the device). After the diode bridge, the remaining ripple is smoothed out by the capacitor C2. Resistors R3, R4 limit the inrush current when connected to the power supply. When the lamp turns off, the parallel capacitor is quickly discharged through R2.
In the circuit under consideration, the simplest electronic components are used that rarely fail. According to statistics, the most often damaged electrolytic smoothing capacitor. Problems arise if parts are used "sparingly" without a voltage margin.
Insufficient quality soldered joints are also encountered. They are destroyed after several on / off cycles as a result of thermal expansion / contraction. Repair of LED lamps may be needed more often if they are installed in a room with high humidity. In lamps of this type, there are no contact groups that are damaged by the formation of a film of oxides. Therefore, here, too, the cause of breakdown will be defective soldering.
Sometimes heat dissipation is poorly organized. Under such conditions, LEDs are unable to perform their functions for a long time. It is unacceptable if a plastic fake is installed instead of a metal radiator. It makes sense to repair such products only with a complete replacement of unusable parts of the structure. In case of incompetent assembly, they "save" thermal paste or do not use it at all. In this case, even a high-quality aluminum radiator will not perform its functions with maximum efficiency.
To eliminate doubts, check 220 V directly in the cartridge. To do this, use a multimeter, a phase probe (a screwdriver with a built-in phase indicator), or screw in another workable lamp.
With the advent of LED technology, lighting systems have taken to a whole new level. Economical, environmentally friendly and electrically safe devices are used everywhere today - they have replaced the standard "Ilyich lamps" and the "housekeepers" that have gained popularity. The former have long been outdated from a moral point of view, the latter are extremely hazardous to health due to the mercury vapor contained inside.
Despite the long service life, even such devices fail over time. In some situations, expensive repair of LED lamps can be done independently, at home, which we will consider further.
Before disassembling a failed LED lamp into its component parts, be sure to study its structure and principle of operation. Standard equipment of this type includes an electronic power supply board, a light filter and a housing with a base. Cheaper models use conventional capacitors instead of current and voltage limiters.
One lamp can have several dozen LEDs that are connected in series or in parallel.In the second case, the design turns out to be expensive (a separate resistor is connected to each led diode or group), so not everyone can afford it.
The principle of operation of an LED is almost identical to a semiconductor element. The current between the anode and cathode travels in a straight line, which leads to the formation of a glow. Each LED individually is characterized by a minimum power, which is why several pieces are used at once. To create the desired luminous flux, a phosphor coating is used, which transforms the light into a spectrum visible to the human eye.
High-quality models contain a high-tech driver that performs the function of a converter along with a diode group. The primary voltage goes to a transformer that reduces the characteristics of the current. At the output of the element, we get the constant current necessary to power the led diodes. In order to reduce ripple in the circuit, an auxiliary capacitor is used.
Despite the numerous varieties, differences in devices, the number of LEDs used, all lighting devices of this type are characterized by the same design, which simplifies their maintenance.
There are several possible malfunctions of LED devices, which is associated with their albeit similar, but rather complex design. The most common breakdowns among the rest are accompanied by the following points:
complete absence of glow;
periodic lack of lighting;
short-term flickering;
turning off the light at random moments;
damage to a light bulb or LED.
There are even more reasons for the appearance of breakdowns. The most common of them are the following:
Violation of the rules and recommendations for the operation of LED devices. When buying a new lamp, be sure to study the conditions for its operation, prescribed in the technical manual. If you ignore any rule, the probability of breakdowns increases several times.
Overheating of equipment. By themselves, the LEDs practically do not heat up in operation, but if the temperature exceeds the declared 50-60 degrees, then the filament, the holder or the peeling of the contacts on the electronic board may occur. Overheating sometimes occurs due to the fact that a luminaire not intended for these purposes is installed inside the stretch ceiling. This prevents it from cooling naturally.
Burnout of a led diode - full or partial. This can lead to high voltage surges in the network or a burnout of the capacitor.
Important! The last breakdown is relevant for cheap devices that use low-quality boards.
If you go deeper, then you can identify several other, more rare, but no less interesting reasons, due to which the LED lamp may not work:
technical violations when connecting to the power supply;
short circuit;
incorrect installation of equipment;
errors in the construction of elements in the connection diagram;
poor quality product - when trying to save money, do not forget that you are buying a "pig in a poke".
In such devices, the contacts may be initially poorly soldered, or a cheap capacitor is used instead of the driver. This is a so-called manufacturing defect.
LED ceiling lights with a remote control often fail due to factory defects. Thus, in order to carry out repairs, it is important to correctly establish not only the breakdown, but also the cause of its occurrence.
To carry out high-quality repairs that guarantee the serviceability of the product and its long-term operation in the future, painstaking preparation is required. First, dismantle the chandelier, wall lamp. In the case of table lamps, simply unplug them from the mains supply. In the future, some tools and materials will come in handy, including a screwdriver, pliers, electrical tape, a knife.Pliers or pliers come in handy if the device body is connected using special twists. Use a multimeter to check the contacts.
Since LEDs are small in size, tweezers are useful for manipulating them. Subsequently, if an open circuit is detected or an element needs to be replaced, a soldering iron may be required. In order to replace LED diodes, use a drill with a variety of drills.
Do not forget that each tool must be electrically insulated - it is forbidden to work with pliers or pliers with bare metal handles.
Remote control LED pendant lights are relatively new. Their device is not familiar to everyone, so we will briefly consider the design of the devices.
In the simplest configuration, an LED chandelier consists of a body (metal, plastic, glass), a block with a regulator (driver). The last element is used as a voltage rectifier; terminals and clamps are placed on it, to which power is supplied from the industrial network. The power supply is connected to the lamps with wires.
In complex chandeliers, an antenna, a control unit, a regulator (several units) are used, which is necessary for automatic tuning. Raster lighting fixtures contain several drivers and LED lamps of various kinds. The sequence of repairs directly depends on the specific type of luminaire.
Study the design of the device using the instructions supplied with it to figure out where the control units are. They can be installed both inside and outside the product.
Repairing a chandelier without a remote control is much easier. In such a device, a diode or diode bridge with electrolytes and resistors is installed. There is also a coil with winding to reduce ripple.
To properly repair your outdoor or indoor luminaire, follow the step-by-step instructions:
Remove the device from the ceiling or wall and remove the enclosure cover.
Examine the electronic circuit to make out visible defects (or confirm their absence). These include wire breaks.
Remove shade and other decorative hardware ornaments, and unscrew LED bulbs, if used.
Examine the plinth for burnt spots. You can use a regular knife for stripping.
Perform the twisting again, tighten all the screws on the elements that are attached to the board. If there are no visible defects, examine the lamp directly.
Let's take a look at the easiest method to test an LED circuit. First, secure the lamp using a cut plastic bottle with a smaller diameter. A lamp is inserted into it. To supply power, use the auxiliary power supply (in the case of a 12 or 24 V device).
Instead of ringing each LED diode in the circuit, you can resort to a simpler method. Place a jumper between the pins of each diode in turn using tweezers. If there is no jumper, then take any wire, having previously stripped both ends and tinned the contacts.
It is important that the lamp is connected to the network at this moment. As soon as you close the contacts on the burned out LED, the device will light up. If this does not happen, then it is possible that more than one diode has burned out.
Continue visual inspection of the circuit and look for burnout spots, swollen capacitors, examine each track on the board. Solder if any broken contacts are found. If the circuit consists of 10 or less elements, then in no case replace the burned out LED with a wire or a jumper. This can overload the coils and burn out diodes.
Most often, the reason for the breakdown of a chandelier with a remote control is overheating of the matrix. In such a situation, repairs are carried out as follows:
Remove and disassemble the chandelier.
Find out the cause of the breakdown - find the burned out elements.
If you need to replace components and perform soldering, be sure to study the device diagram attached to the warranty card.
The controller, antenna or control unit may burn out. In this case, a banal replacement of a failed product is required.
