DIY repair of the distributor VAZ 2101

In detail: DIY repair of a VAZ 2101 distributor from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.

The history of AvtoVAZ began with the release of the VAZ-2101 car, or the popular - "Kopeyka". It was the first of the family cars to receive the designation "Classic".

At "Kopeyka" a contact ignition system was used, which at the moment is significantly outdated. But there was one positive point in it - the installation of the VAZ-2101 ignition was made quite simply and did not require special equipment. And although the "Classic" has not been produced for a long time, a lot of cars with VAZ 2101-2106 markings still travel on the roads. Therefore, further we will consider how to adjust the ignition on the VAZ-2101. On other models of this family, this operation is performed in the same way.

To perform the operation to adjust the ignition yourself, you will need:

Wrench for turning the crankshaft;
Open-end wrench (for 13);
Flat screwdriver;
Control light;
A set of probes;

Before describing the adjustment process, you must first decide what it is generally needed for. The fact is that for the engine to work properly, the ignition of the combustible mixture in the cylinders must be carried out a little earlier than the piston reaches TDC. This is necessary so that the fuel has time to completely burn out, this will ensure the full return of power. If the ignition is a significant distance from TDC (early ignition), knocking combustion will occur, which can ultimately lead to significant engine damage.

But if the ignition is carried out in a position when the piston has already reached TDC (late ignition), the fuel will not completely burn, the power output will be less, in addition it will be accompanied by increased fuel consumption, unstable engine operation.

Video (click to play).

Therefore, it is necessary that the fuel ignites strictly at a certain distance of the piston approach to TDC. If we consider this from the side of the crankshaft, then the ignition should be carried out at a certain angle of its rotation up to TDC. Therefore, often the ignition adjustment of the VAZ-2101 is also called the ignition timing.

Next, we will consider how all this is done. Before adjusting the ignition of the VAZ-2101, you need to set the gap on the breaker contacts. For this, the cover is removed from the breaker distributor, the breaker rotor mounting bolts are unscrewed and it is removed.

Next, the crankshaft is turned with a key until the breaker contacts are completely open. Then this gap is measured with a feeler gauge and, if necessary, adjusted, it should be 0.4 mm.

Then the rotor is put in place, and the cover remains removed for now. After that, you can start adjusting the lead angle.

There are three marks on the ebb of the cylinder block near the pulley, two short and one long. The long mark corresponds to the TDC of the first cylinder. The short mark next to it corresponds to 5 degrees. position of the crankshaft to TDC, the next short - 10 degrees.

There is also a mark on the pulley itself, but there is only one. In order for the ignition setting on the VAZ-2101 to occur correctly, you need to unscrew the spark plug from the first cylinder and rotate the knees. shaft until air starts to come out of the spark plug hole, which will signal the start of the compression stroke in it.

Image - DIY repair of a vaz 2101 distributor

Next, you need to look at the pulley and turn your knees. shaft, align the mark on the pulley with the second mark (5 degrees) on the ebb of the cylinder block.

Next, we move on to the distributor breaker. First, the nut of its fastening is loosened, this will ensure the possibility of turning it around the axis. It must be turned clockwise until it stops.

After that, the control light is connected. It can be made from two pieces of wire, a 12 V light bulb and a socket for it. One of the wires is connected to ground, and the second is connected to the terminal of the distributor wire going to the ignition coil.

Then you need to turn on the ignition at the ignition switch. Turning the distributor counterclockwise, you need to watch the light bulb, as soon as it lights up, the distributor is fixed with a nut. All ignition is exposed.

Before checking the correct installation, it is advisable to lubricate the distributor bearings. It has an oil can on the side, through which you need to lubricate it with clean engine oil. This can be done using a conventional syringe. In this case, care must be taken that oil does not get on the contacts of the breaker. After that, a cover is installed on the distributor.

1. It is necessary to lubricate with engine oil "filter" 2-3 drops 2. Lubricate the bearings of the trampler through the oil can

This is exactly how the ignition setting is performed on the VAZ-2101. After that, the correctness of the installation is checked. After starting the motor, it should run steadily. It is possible that a small angle correction will be necessary by turning the valve slightly.

The first step is to remove the terminal from the battery, then disconnect the wires from the ignition coil, disconnect the central high-voltage wire, remove the distributor cover. Next, you need to set the position of the slider so that it is rotated in relation to the engine at an angle of 90 °. With this approach, replacing the distributor will practically not affect the ignition moment. You unscrew the spark plug of the first cylinder, plug the plug hole with a rag, start manually turning the crankshaft pulley clockwise, if you look at the engine in the opposite direction of the car's movement, until the rag pops out of the plug hole. It is best to turn the engine with a ratchet wrench specially purchased for this (or made by yourself according to the sample). In order for the position of the new distributor to be the same as the old one, a mark must be made on the cylinder block, as shown in the figure.

Next, unscrew the distributor mounting nut, remove the washers and take out the distributor. To install a new distributor, you combine the mark on the pulley with the long one on the block, insert a new distributor after removing the cover from it, direct the slider electrode towards the first cylinder (if you look at the distributor cover) and put the distributor in your hole, fix the distributor, put the cover, screw you start a candle, you must start a love.

If it's not very clear in words, then you can see the article on removing the distributor here:

How is it done ignition setting for VAZ read on our blogs:

The article discusses the question of how to set the ignition on a VAZ 2101: instructions for performing all the necessary operations are given and appropriate recommendations are provided.

It is known that an incorrectly set ignition moment leads to a violation of the correct operation of the power unit of a car. In most cases, this is the reason for the instability of the engine at idle, a significant decrease in its power and an increase in fuel consumption. In this article, we will consider the question of how to set the ignition on a VAZ 2101 on our own, that is, without contacting a car service.

First of all, we note: the instruction described by us on how to set the ignition of the VAZ 2101 is absolutely fair in relation to other models of "classic" VAZ models. So, for example, similar to the process described below, is the tuning process on the VAZ 2102, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 2121 ("Niva") models equipped with a contact ignition system.

In order to adjust the ignition of the VAZ 2101, you need the following tools:

open-end or open-end wrench 13mm;
wrench for unscrewing candles;
a lamp designed for a voltage of 12V;
special key 38mm.

The setting is made according to special marks that are located on the timing case cover. As you can see in the photo below, there are three marks on the timing case cover:

Each of the marks indicates a certain lead angle:

To determine the top dead center, you should be guided by the corresponding mark on the pulley rim. This label is shown in the image below:

Before starting work, put the car on the parking brake, and install anti-roll stops under the rear wheels. Remember that for any repair work, these preparatory operations are mandatory from the point of view of ensuring safety measures, which must not be ignored.

Further, the ignition installation of the VAZ 2101 is as follows:

1.Using a spark plug wrench, unscrew the spark plug of the first cylinder of the power unit, then plug the hole with a suitable plug or finger.

2. Using a special 38mm wrench, turn the crankshaft until the compression stroke begins in the first cylinder. This will be evidenced by the plug that jumped out of the candle hole. If you closed the hole with your finger, then you should feel a fairly strong pressure.

3. Turn the engine crankshaft until the mark on the pulley matches the corresponding line on the timing cover. If you most often use AI 92 fuel, match with the second risk; if you are using gasoline with a lower octane number - with the third (long) risk.

4. Carefully unfasten the clips of the plastic cover of the distributor and remove it:

5. After cranking the crankshaft, the distributor rotor should be positioned so that its outer contact is in the direction of the first cylinder of the engine. In the event that the direction is incorrect:

unscrew the distributor mount and, gradually rotating the rotor axis, set it so that its direction is parallel to the engine;
we tighten the fastening nut (do not clamp it completely).

6. We connect a 12 V lamp (voltmeter): we connect one wire to the terminal of the ignition coil (low voltage output), and the other to “ground”.

7. Turn on the ignition and gradually turn the distributor to the right. The distributor should be rotated until the connected lamp stops glowing. If, after turning on the ignition, the lamp does not light up, then the described operation is not necessary.

8. Rotate the distributor to the right side and at the moment when the lamp starts to glow, tighten the fastening nut completely.

9. We install the distributor cover.

After performing all the operations described above, it is necessary to check the correctness of the ignition setting. The check looks like this:

We start the car and get under way.
We accelerate the car to about 50 km / h, turn on the 4th gear and quickly press the accelerator pedal. After that, detonation of the engine should occur, which should disappear as the car accelerates.

In a situation where the engine detonation appeared, but did not disappear as the car accelerated, we can conclude that early ignition is set. If the detonation did not appear at all, the ignition is later. The solution to such problems is as follows:

in the first situation, it is necessary to turn the distributor to the right by about 0.5-1 division;
in the second situation, it is necessary to turn the valve to the left by 0.5-1 division.

On this question, how to set the ignition on the VAZ 21011 and the progenitor of all classic VAZ models - model 2101, can be considered fully considered.

As you can see, there are no special difficulties in installing the ignition, and any car enthusiast, even a beginner, can handle this work.

Let's take a look at some of the installation nuances ignition systems to the domestic one. A simple and rather primitive way to install and adjust the system is to use a twelve-volt light bulb. At the very beginning of the process, it is necessary to carefully adjust the angle of the toggle switch contacts in the closed state. To do this, it is necessary to remove the distributor cover and clean the contacts there. Then you should make sure that the contacts are good and tight to each other.If necessary, minor corrections can be made by bending the contact. The crankshaft must be cranked and the maximum distance between the existing contacts of the distributor must be achieved. Unscrew the screw that holds the terminal block, then insert the 0.4 mm dipstick. Having exposed the contact group, you need to fix it with a screw; using a feeler gauge, we measure the size of the gap. If you did not manage to reach this stage of ignition adjustment, then it is better to contact the car service specialists, otherwise the car may not start at all.It is not recommended to use a starter. Then we set the gap and the UZSK value. The latter is done automatically. We draw the light bulb to the wire that runs from the distributor to the coil. We turn the crankshaft, and the light bulb will be a kind of indicator. When the light goes out, then the position of the slider on the distributor will be visible. We make a corresponding note at the time of its ignition. Now you need to adjust the ignition timing well, you need to turn the crankshaft to such a state where the marks will coincide on the pulley and the cover. On the distributor body, set the slider at the BB mark. We connect one wire going to the coil to the other. The remaining wire must be connected to ground, then pull the wire out of the breaker cover and also connect it to ground. We loosen the bolt holding the distributor body.Now you need to turn the distributor in the opposite direction until the light turns on. After it lights up, the breaker bolt must be fixed. After carrying out all the work, you need to check the car in motion, namely by accelerating the engine to 50 km / h.The first step is to remove the terminal from the battery, then disconnect the wires from the ignition coil, disconnect the central high-voltage wire, remove the distributor cover. Next, you need to set the position of the slider so that it is rotated in relation to the engine at an angle of 90 °. With this approach, replacing the distributor will practically not affect the ignition moment. You unscrew the spark plug of the first cylinder, plug the plug hole with a rag, start manually turning the crankshaft pulley clockwise, if you look at the engine in the opposite direction of the car's movement, until the rag pops out of the plug hole. It is best to turn the engine with a ratchet wrench specially purchased for this (or made by yourself according to the sample). In order for the position of the new distributor to be the same as the old one, a mark must be made on the cylinder block, as shown in the figure.Next, unscrew the distributor mounting nut, remove the washers and take out the distributor. To install a new distributor, you combine the mark on the pulley with the long one on the block, insert a new distributor after removing the cover from it, direct the slider electrode towards the first cylinder (if you look at the distributor cover) and put the distributor in your hole, fix the distributor, put the cover, screw you start a candle, you must start a love.If it's not very clear in words, then you can see the article on removing the distributor here:How is it done ignition setting for VAZ read on our blogs:To correctly install the installed breaker, you must first check the performance of the spark plugs. If they have a strong deposit and carbon deposits, it is pointless to install and adjust the torque. You can learn more about the causes of carbon deposits and how to remove plaque in this article.As you know, adjustment is one of the main nuances in car maintenance. Image - DIY repair of a vaz 2101 distributor

To adjust the BSZ contactless or contact ignition, you need a stroboscope - thanks to it, you can get the most accurate result. If you do not have a stroboscope, then the adjustment is carried out by a spark. So how do you install SZ?

Installation is carried out as follows:

The need to adjust the ignition lock circuit, in particular, the timing of the advance, arises among the owners of "kopecks" quite often. Adjusting the ignition distributor is necessary in the event of increased fuel consumption, a decrease in the power of the power unit, as well as when it detonates and rings knock appears. So that the set parameter no longer bothers you, the node must be repaired, that is, correctly configured. Please note that before establishing the connection and adjusting the ignition distributor, you need to make sure that the spark plugs are working, and if necessary, dismantle and clean them, as we reported above.

Before starting work, you need to find the marks on the chain pulley and crankshaft, these marks should be cleaned. The room where you work should be well lit, otherwise use a flashlight. If you have doubts about whether you can do everything correctly, then it is better to contact a service station.

First of all, you are required to crank the crankshaft so that the mark on it is aligned with the mark located on the chain cover. In the event that a power unit is installed on our "kopeck", the cylinder diameter in which is 79 mm, the crankshaft mark must be aligned with the middle mark of the chain drive. If the cylinder diameter is 76 mm, then the risk on the crankshaft should be aligned with the extreme risk on the cover. This mark allows you to install the crankshaft in the MT.
When all the marks on the shafts are aligned, you need to disconnect the cable that goes from the coil to the breaker-distribution device. The wire is disconnected from the terminal itself on the distributor, then it will be necessary to connect the cable from the control lamp to it, which we will use for adjustment.
The second lamp cable will need to be connected to the positive terminal of the battery.
Using a 13 wrench, loosen the fixing screw of the breaker-distributor device.
Then turn the body of this assembly slightly counterclockwise. Once you've done this, start rolling it slowly in the other direction. As you can see, in general, the principle of adjustment is quite similar to that described above.
The body of the mechanism turns until the moment when the light goes out. Having achieved this, the assembly fixing nut should be tightened. You just have to install the cable from the distributor in place.

Basically, connecting a lamp and setting up a node is not a problem. The ignition system of the VAZ 2101 is designed in such a way that in any case it will need periodic adjustment, especially often this need arises among drivers when a new season begins. If you are faced with the problem of a malfunction of the lock itself, then the connection diagram of the VAZ 2101 ignition lock will help you replace the device and connect it.

When installing a new VAZ ignition lock, it is necessary to correctly pinout the wires. After adjustment, check the quality of the work performed - if the engine detonates a little when accelerating to 50 km / h and shifting to fourth gear, then this indicates that the procedure was performed correctly.

Each car owner chooses which way of adjustment he likes more!

Step-by-step and detailed instructions for setting the moment, taking into account all the nuances, are shown in the video below (the author of the video is Nail Poroshin).

Greetings, blog reader First, let's look at the old-style distributor (ignition distributor breaker), and then the new-style contactless ignition system distributor.

Let's take a closer look at the st / arr distributor. First, remove the distributor cover. Inside there are four contacts for the output of high-voltage wires (according to the number of engine cylinders) and a central contact, in the form of a "coal", from the wire from the ignition coil.

A spring is installed under the central contact and the coal should easily rise and fall from pressing with a finger. Considering further the distributor, we see the slider or as it is also called the peddler.

The central contact "ember", thanks to the spring, is constantly in contact with the slider plate. From the coal, the high voltage from the ignition coil through an additional resistor in the slider and a side contact is distributed over the engine cylinders, according to the scheme of their operation.

In all VAZ cars, the order of operation of the cylinders is as follows 1-3-4-2. High-voltage wires are connected with spark plugs by means of spark plugs, where they transmit high voltage. In the distributor, its central part is the shaft, which is driven into rotation through the "fungus" by the shaft of the drive mechanisms, popularly called the "pig" or "hog". To transmit the rotation of the shaft, slots are made on its lower part.

The shaft has four lugs in the upper part (in the form of a rhombus with rounded edges) for opening the contacts. Contacts are located on the central plate of the distributor. The "minus" contact through a copper wire is connected to the distributor body, and the plus is connected to the low voltage input bolt from the ignition coil.

The lower part of the shaft coming out of the distributor has different lengths, which is due to the different heights of the cylinder blocks. For example, a VAZ 2101 distributor has a shorter shaft than a VAZ 2106. On the outside of the distributor, there is a capacitor powered parallel to the breaker contacts and used to extinguish sparks between them.

Today, the failure of a capacitor is extremely rare and many do not even know about its existence. When the power supply circuit of the cars was with reverse polarity, that is, the "plus" went to ground, then no driver went on the road without a spare capacitor. Since 1961, by order of the Automotive Industry, the “minus” was attached to the mass and the drivers simply forgot about the condenser.

The distributor also has a centrifugal and vacuum ignition timing controllers. The centrifugal regulator is located under the slider. These are two weights with springs, which, depending on the engine speed, due to the centrifugal force, "run up" inside the runner and partially tighten it, forcing the contacts to open a little earlier.

The vacuum regulator is made in the form of a vacuum chamber on the side of the distributor, connected to the central plate (moves on the bearing), on which the contacts are located. The vacuum, depending on the engine load, draws in the membrane, which is connected to the plate with the help of a thrust, turns it and the contacts also begin to open earlier.

The weak point of the contact distributor is the wear of the contacts and the breakage of the textolite tip of the contacts, due to which the distributor shaft opens the contacts. Burnout of the runner is also often observed when the current goes to the ground. Less often, the contact plate bearing fails, then the unstable operation of the engine manifests itself.

Until 1987, the plates were installed on a small-diameter bearing, and from 1987 they began to install a larger-diameter bearing.

Consider a new type of contactless distributor in the video:

The difference between a new sample distributor, a contactless distributor and a contact distributor, are as follows. With a contact ignition system, the high voltage is about 13-18 thousand volts, and the contactless ignition system produces 35-40 thousand volts.A higher voltage provides a stable engine start at any temperature, dirty plugs are less critical to it and a contactless ignition system is more economical.There are no misfires due to the state of the breaker contacts, since there are simply no misfires in this distributor. In addition, with a contactless ignition system, engine power increases, harmful emissions into the atmosphere are reduced, due to a higher voltage, a more complete combustion of fuel occurs. Externally, the valves are similar and from the outside, the only difference from the contact distributor is the plug input on the valve housing.The contactless distributor is specially designed similar to the contact valve, so that it is easy and simple to replace it on the car. In a contactless distributor, the Hall sensor is responsible for supplying and interrupting high voltage or sparks on the candles, by analogy with front-wheel drive VAZ cars. To install a contactless ignition on a car, in addition to a distributor, the kit also includes an ignition coil, a switch, spark plugs, and terminal blocks with connecting wires.In some kits, there is also an EPHH unit (forced idle economizer). The Hall sensor has a permanent magnet, a microcircuit and a steel screen with slots. The sensor is fixedly fixed in the distributor, and a steel screen with slots is mounted on the distributor shaft. When the cut of the steel screen passes through the Hall sensor, a magnetic field is created and a voltage is created on the semiconductor wafer.A series of cuts on the steel screen creates low voltage pulses. A switch in contactless ignition is necessary to convert the control signal from the Hall sensor into high voltage pulses on the ignition coil.A car enthusiast who is familiar with a car electrician can easily install a kit for a contactless ignition system on his own. Those who feel that they cannot cope, it is better to turn to auto electricians who install in the shortest possible time.We briefly got acquainted with the distributors of the old (contact) and new (non-contact) samples.