Before you start restoring a house, you need to draw up an estimate, develop a detailed plan for the sequence of work, and determine the amount of repair.
First you need to decide in what condition the foundation is. If the old foundation has lost its strength and its condition is alarming, proceed to restore it. A quick foundation repair in low-rise construction can be done using screw pile technology. The bottom line is to replace any kind of foundation with screw piles.
When reconstructing the foundation under a wooden house, the building should be raised to a certain height using jacks.If the structure shows signs of severe destruction, then it is better to completely dismantle it and install a new one. The foundation with minor modifications can be reinforced with brickwork. If it is a strip structure, install the formwork and pour the concrete mixture over the foundation.
The most common material in low-rise construction is wood. Wooden log cabins can last 100 years, or even longer, but they also deteriorate and require restoration. The restoration of the old log house takes place in several stages. First, remove the old finish, look at the condition of the logs. Then the rotten crowns are replaced. Seal the seams between the logs. Today there are several options for sealing - this is the traditional old-fashioned way - caulking with tow and the modern method that has become popular in recent years - sealing with acrylic rubber sealant. The blockhouse is treated with an antiseptic.
For strengthening, the frame can be overlaid with bricks or revetted with artificial stone. A good option for renovating facades is siding.
The restoration work is completed with the repair of the roof. A strong reliable roof is a guarantee of a comfortable warm home. Remember, roof restoration is only done in dry weather.
The covering is removed from the roof, the crate is checked, all rotten boards are replaced with new ones. Sometimes it is necessary to change the rafter bars. If the wooden elements of the roof are affected by a bug, they must be treated with an antiseptic, nitro paint or acetone, they effectively fight parasites.
A waterproofing material is laid on top of the updated lathing, a new coating is laid.
Restoring an old home is a laborious process, but with the effort you can achieve remarkable results.
There are three main types of foundations: columnar, strip, monolithic.
The device of the simplest strip foundation is carried out as follows: first, coarse-grained sand, gravel or crushed stone with a layer of 20 cm is poured into a pre-prepared trench, which is carefully tamped, while sprinkling with water, and after that, the entire space is filled with cement mortar on the ground surface levels and a brick base or rubble stone is laid out. A double layer of roofing material or roofing paper is laid on top of the foundation.
Foundation blocks are installed on a leveled layer of sand up to the design level. The maximum deviation of the leveling layer of sand from this mark should be no more than 15 mm. In this case, the foundation glasses, as well as the supporting surfaces, should not be exposed to external contamination.
The most expensive of all types of foundations. The installation of such a foundation is usually carried out under heavy stone houses. It is poured into a single reinforced monolith to a freezing depth of 1.5 to 1.7 meters. Such a foundation is recommended for use in the construction of brick and block houses, which have a sufficiently strong effect on the foundation, and the distortion of the structure is likely to lead to cracks in the wall and the subsequent threat of destruction of the structure.
Often, it is more profitable to repair an old wooden house on your own than to demolish it and build a new one. If you have such a house and would like to bring it into its proper form, we will tell you how to do it. The main thing is to pay attention to the general condition of the building, that is, to assess the prospects of work. If you are sure that the house can still serve, feel free to start making repairs with your own hands.
First of all, you should evaluate the degree of wear and tear of existing components of the house. Take a close look at the foundation, walls, roofing and communications. Do-it-yourself repair of an old wooden house begins with the preparation of the material, and its volume directly depends on the state of the building.
Completely free the house from all unnecessary things, debris and components that are actually not related to the structure.Look closely at the wooden parts for signs of decay - these should be removed immediately. Most often, in old wooden houses, the floor comes into complete disrepair - it must be dismantled.
Pay attention to the foundation. As a rule, solid concrete fill lasts a very long time, but in some places it can break off. This requires a small cosmetic repair - using the prepared solution, simply cover up the visible imperfections, leveling the entire foundation. If the foundation of the house has fallen into disrepair (there are many large cracks around the perimeter, corrosion of the reinforcement, a significant skew of the horizontal level of the foundation), repairs will not be enough. A complete renovation is required here.
Communications should be taken care of in advance, as you may want to sheathe the walls with plasterboard or other covering. So, completely dismantle the existing electrical wiring and plumbing pipes. When laying a new electrical network, be sure to wrap the wires in special tubes with a cross section of 15-20 mm. For plumbing, it is better to use plastic pipes.
Do-it-yourself repair of a wooden house, a photo of the process of which we are attaching, we will start from the walls. The logs of the crown are the most vulnerable place. Here, cracks and other damage are most often formed. The floor beams and the floor itself may also suffer (as already noted, it is better to dismantle it immediately).
Minor damage to the wood can be repaired without dismantling the walls. For this, problem areas should be cleaned, treated with an antiseptic, and then sealed with a suitable sealant. If we talk about the outside of the facade, then for cosmetic purposes, you can sheathe it with special panels of your choice. Siding is most often used, and it is mounted as follows:
The inner side of the walls can be sheathed with plasterboard. Plasterboard installation is carried out in a similar way.
Pay attention to the beams above window and doorways - they very often suffer from moisture. Places that have rotted must be replaced - this can be done simply by cutting out a piece of the beam and inserting a new part.
It is recommended not to neglect the treatment of the wall, even if you plan to sheathe it. Dirt and microorganisms can accumulate in places of damage, which will lead to the destruction of the wood.
If the house is quite old, you will most likely need to completely remove the roof covering. Inspect the frame, especially the condition of the rafters. The roof is easy to repair - any part can be replaced. To do this, use additional strength clamps - for a while, connect the existing beams (which you will not dismantle) by nailing several boards between them. After that, you can remove low-quality rafters without fear of destroying the frame.
Take a close look at the main detail of the roof - the Mauerlat. If signs of decay are found, be sure to cut out the damaged parts and insert new ones with secure fixation with plate pads or tie bolts. Ideally, the Mauerlat can be completely replaced by carefully dismantling its parts around the perimeter and installing new ones.
After repairing the roof frame, re-lay the covering. If desired, the roof can be additionally insulated using, for example, mineral wool.
Doors and windows in older homes will likely need to be completely replaced. But the main problem lies not in this, but in rather frequent cases of imbalance. To get rid of the skew, dismantle the door frame and level the walls using a level.
Reassemble and reinstall the door frame. All existing cracks must be blown out tightly with polyurethane foam.As for the doors, choose their model as you wish, but it is recommended to replace the windows with metal-plastic ones, since they are more durable and reliable than wooden ones, not to mention the thermal insulation properties.
Interior doors also need to be replaced in the same way along with the frames. If you have all doors of the same format and size, then you can immediately prepare the required number of boards for frame panels. But do not rush to install them inside the house, as you will still be doing floor repairs and finishing. You can install interior doors at the last stage of renovation work.
For a quality floor, it is recommended to make a concrete screed. If you don't have one, get to work. First of all, dismantle the logs on the floor (you do not need to cut them under the walls) and clean the area from debris and dust. The screed is laid in the following order: backfill (sand, fine gravel), insulating film, concrete layer. Be sure to level the screed. The concrete should dry for about one month at a temperature of about 20 degrees.
Then you can start laying the floor. This can be, for example, a laminate. For laying, a special substrate is first used, after which laminate sheets are laid on it, interconnected with "locks". An expansion gap of about 1 cm should be left near the walls, which is hidden by the baseboard.
If you don't want to screed, you can use planks to make the floor. In this case, the boards are simply nailed to the logs and sanded from above with a special machine. It is recommended to provide moisture insulation for such a floor by pouring a layer of expanded clay under the logs (if the logs are located on the ground).
The last stage of repairing wooden houses with your own hands, the video of which you can watch at the end of the article, is finishing work. If you've used drywall for the walls, be sure to putty and flatten it for wallpapering or painting.
A wooden floor made of boards should be treated with a special varnish and allowed to dry well. A similar procedure should be carried out with other wood materials that are in open areas.
VIDEO
This is how it looked before the renovation. Rotten wooden frames, closed from the outside with a double film, from cold and wind. To the left is an old veranda with a drooping porch canopy.
For those who have to make repairs in their home, it appears.
These were the windows and sills.
They began to put the house in order from the foundation.
One by one, we open the corners of the house, remove the rotten logs of the crowns using a chainsaw, put the formwork, put large stones and rubble, lay the reinforcement so that its ends remain open (for later fastening it to the pouring foundation), we wrap the log of the crown with roofing paper and fill it with concrete. ready-made curbstone.
And so all four corners of the house and its middle, along the perimeter. In total - 8 pedestals. The process is time consuming, difficult, but the result is worth it. When the curbstones were finished, we made a heap around the entire perimeter. The continuation of the outdoor work was postponed until the following summer. And we took up the interior renovation of the house.
This is a large room and let's start with it. Before the renovation, it looked like this:
This is her right corner. and this, in the photo below, is the left corner. As I write a thread, I'll stick to these two angles.
First, all layers of the old wallpaper were completely torn off. The windows were still old, but we were already waiting for the masters to install plastic windows.
The old stove was dismantled. and the stove-maker folded a new one.
Installation of plastic windows. the further, the more terrible, but the result is important.
AND THE RESULT DIDN'T MAKE YOURSELF WAIT LONG. I decided to close one window completely and make one big one - there will be a dining room.
After installing the windows, the men began to dismantle the old floor, level the logs and put brick cabinets under them.
Then the floors were laid with old boards (they will serve for a very long time, since they are thick and dry), and in places where there were rotten ones, they were replaced with new boards.
And then my "female work" has already begun, I insulated the walls with penofol,
Installed a metal frame for walls and ceilings. my mistake was that first you need to do the ceiling, and then the walls, and not vice versa. I found the technique for performing these works on the Internet, I will not dwell on it in detail. If you have any questions, I will be happy to answer ,what do I know.
It is much more difficult to fix the frame on the ceiling, the neck hurts.
When the metal frame is completely ready, you can sew gypsum boards to it, preferably in a checkerboard pattern, starting from the ceiling! Do not forget to scatter the electrical wiring and hide it in the gafrochannel, behind the profile, and install the distributor boxes in a place convenient for you.
In this photo you can see wooden blocks, I screwed them on for the subsequent fixing of bookshelves. Exactly the same, only thinner, I fix them under the ceiling above the windows (for attaching the cornices).
When all the walls and ceiling are sheathed with gypsum board, we putty with a spatula and align all the joints between the sheets and the places where the screws are screwed in with this composition.
At the corners and seams, we lay a reinforced mesh for the strength of the joints, and after everything is dry, we sand it, apply a primer to the walls and ceiling.
And now the most interesting moment is wallpapering. I took vinyl white for the ceiling and with delicate roses on the walls.
When the wallpaper is dry, I by mutual agreement
invited a team of craftsmen to finish their work in this room on the windows (slopes and window sills).
After that, I glued the ceiling plinth, hung the shelves on the wall, put my flowers on the windowsills, which the guys from the company had already installed for us.
The carpenter helped put the interior door, only then I found out that it was standing upside down. (what a difference!) if only it functions normally.
I pasted the doorways with a white corner on a liquid nail. On the right side, the stove is new, heats all the rooms at once.
The firebox itself is in the bathroom.
I put a substrate on the rough floor, then fiberboard and linoleum. Then she screwed the floor plinths with self-tapping screws and voila-beauty.
This is the big room.
Some of you wanted to see more details about concrete pedestals, so I added details. So, a layer of windows was inserted, the house was sheathed with flat slate from the outside, and a mound was made around the house, until next summer.
Now let's continue about outdoor work, after the cold winter and spring. next summer.
When all the pedestals are ready, gradually, opening each side of the house from the blockage, remove the rotten logs of the lower crown, dry them with waterproofing,
we install the formwork, lay the reinforcement, connecting it to the ends of the reinforcement of the corner pedestals and fill it with concrete.
We do this together with a man, under my strict guidance.
We make brickwork on the finished foundation.
And as expected, the blind area has been made. not quite ordinary.
This is all about outdoor work, home renovation. If you have any questions, ask, with pleasure that I know, I will answer. And for everyone who is interested, the continuation of the internal renovation awaits - the dining room!
Thank you for your time. Your LYUDMILA.
Wooden houses are comfortable and ecological housing. However, over time and under the influence of the climate, such houses can become unusable, dilapidated, and the tree can rot. In this case, timely overhaul of a wooden house from the outside and from the inside is necessary. Despite the considerable financial and labor costs, all costs will pay off by the fact that the house will stand for more than one decade.
Initially, it is necessary to plan all the work, assess the degree of damage and determine the scale of work, the required costs and timing.
If a complete overhaul of a wooden house is planned, then the sequence of work will look like this:
base repair;
replacement of all communications (sewerage, electrical wiring, water supply, etc.);
dismantling and installation of new windows and doors;
roof renewal;
new decoration of the facade of the building;
analysis of old and installation of new plumbing;
repairs inside the house: bathroom, kitchen, living rooms.
To renovate an old wooden house, you will need the following materials and fixtures:
Column foundation repair.
waterproofing and heat-insulating material;
concrete;
scaffolding;
puncher;
wheelbarrow;
stairs;
Bulgarian;
level;
hammer;
jigsaw;
screwdrivers, fasteners;
tape measure, plumb;
chisel;
pliers;
hacksaws for wood and metal;
cord;
square;
spatulas.
In the process of work, it is often necessary to change individual logs in the structure. To do this, rotten logs are carefully removed from the general structure, and new ones are inserted in their place, while it is necessary to immediately protect them with roofing material.
Cracks can also create a lot of problems, they can grow, moisture accumulating in them and microorganisms lead to rotting of the tree.
It is best to seal them up: clean, cover with an antiseptic, then apply a sealing compound. So, the cracks will be almost invisible and will not pose a danger to the house.
Quite often, the tree rots under the windows. When repairing, old logs are taken out or cut out. The ridges are fixed to the ends, to which fresh logs of the same thickness are attached. Tow is laid under the tree and treated with protective mixtures.
Replacing the rotten section of the crown of a log wooden house.
It is better to start overhaul of an old wooden house from the foundation. The amount of work depends on the nature of the destruction. If the reinforcement has rotted and the concrete has collapsed, you will have to update the foundation in whole or only part of it. To do this, formwork is installed around the perimeter of the building and concrete is poured. Reinforced concrete and brick structures are reinforced with reinforced concrete, interlocked with anchors. With a point structure, the space between its parts should be filled, so you will achieve its solidity, you can install reinforced concrete clips. This will give the base of the house additional rigidity.
Overhaul involves the replacement of communications, and here you cannot do without the help of professionals. The durability and reliability of their operation will depend on the quality of the installation of the systems. So, by correctly installing the wiring, you will avoid short circuits that can damage your home appliances.
When replacing windows and doors, you can handle some work yourself, and also entrust something to the masters. For example, if you can cope with the installation of doors yourself, then, of course, it is better to entrust the replacement of old windows with plastic ones to the masters.
When installing doors with your own hands, the work will consist of such stages as:
dismantling the old door along with the frame;
installation of a new door frame (if it is made of wood, use screws and dowels, from metal - wide metal pins, they are driven into the walls, screwed to the frame);
processing of foam gaps between the frame and the opening;
plaster;
installation of doors on hinges, which should be lubricated in advance.
The quality of sound and heat insulation will depend on the correct installation.
Repair of the roof system.
First, consider what kind of roof material you want to use. The choice depends on whether the roof is pitched or flat. Flat roofs are usually installed during the construction of outbuildings. Residential buildings are most often equipped with pitched roofs, which can be with or without an attic. The attic can be used as a utility room when replacing a roof. The attic room contributes to the ventilation of the whole house, there is a pipe there, if the house is on stove heating. If the attic is used for household needs (drying, storage of things, etc.), it is advisable to make the roof gable or broken. In any case, the performance properties of the roof must be taken into account. On a one-story house, a high roof will make it look not only more solid, but will also help ensure that precipitation will not linger on the slope for a long time.This will help keep the roof from rotting and leaking.
The procedure for replacing the roof:
dismantling of the old coating, rafters;
replacement of rotten parts;
laying a new coating.
Sound and thermal insulation of the attic space is performed in the following sequence:
put foam or mineral wool in the space between the rafters and the laid covering;
perform cladding (for example, clapboard);
lay on the attic floor a double layer of expanded polystyrene, 50 mm thick, so that the joints of the upper and lower layers do not overlap one another;
in the end, lay the expanded clay backfill, 200 mm thick.
There are 2 types of facades: wet and ventilated. Determine the condition of the exterior walls. When performing work on a wet facade, the old facade should be cleaned of paint and dirt. Sometimes it is necessary to carry out additional manipulations. Please note that unfavorable weather conditions (cold, damp) can affect the quality of work. Therefore, determine for yourself how long it takes you to complete everything.
The next step is the installation of corrugated board. To do this, you will need to restore the anti-salt protection, treat the walls with a bioprotective agent. It is advisable to dry the surface of the walls. Otherwise, the quality of the facade may not be the best.
If the house is not high, you can use galvanized profiles. For buildings with a height of more than 7 m, more reliable steel and aluminum profiles are needed. Purchase special fasteners with metal dowels. If you plan to clad with artificial stone, you need to calculate the height of the building and the load on the load-bearing walls of the entire house.
Siding is very popular when decorating a house. Siding installation is carried out as follows:
Metal brackets are placed over the entire area. Attach a wooden beam with a section of 50x80 mm or an aluminum profile to them. You will have a crate.
Attach the rockwool to the wall surface using long nails with a wide head. Fill the joints with polyurethane foam.
Place a retaining membrane fabric on top of the insulation, it will prevent the insulation material from blowing out of the cells and does not obstruct the penetration of air.
Attach the siding strips to the batten from bottom to top.
It is better to start repairs from non-residential rooms: bathroom, kitchen and bathroom. Considering the high humidity in the premises, the best option would be to lay tiles on the floor, under which pre-install the "warm floor" system and cover it with a thin layer of screed. Wall decoration provides more variety in work. In the bathroom, walls can be tiled with ceramic tiles or plastic panels. Cover the toilet in a similar way, sometimes the upper part of the walls is covered with wallpaper. In the kitchen, tiles, as a rule, are laid in certain areas, near work areas, other places can be pasted over with wallpaper.
If desired, in these rooms you can install a suspended ceiling, make a covering of PVC panels, or simply paint the ceiling. After finishing work, you can install plumbing and furniture.
Choose the scale and type of repair in living rooms yourself.
First, remove all old wallpaper from the walls, process and prepare them carefully before you start pasting with new wallpaper.
There is a large selection of materials for the floor: parquet board, linoleum, etc. If parquet was laid on the floor, sand it and apply a varnish. To insulate living rooms, you can also make a "warm floor".
Having completed all the above measures, the repair can be considered completed. Overhaul of an old wooden house is quite possible to do without the involvement of special powerful equipment. The complexity and duration of the entire repair depends on the state of the structure and the scale of the planned work.
This is how it looked before the renovation. Rotten wooden frames, closed from the outside with a double film, from cold and wind. To the left is an old veranda with a drooping porch canopy.
For those who have to make repairs in their home, it appears.
These were the windows and sills.
They began to put the house in order from the foundation.
One by one, we open the corners of the house, remove the rotten logs of the crowns using a chainsaw, put the formwork, put large stones and rubble, lay the reinforcement so that its ends remain open (for later fastening it to the pouring foundation), we wrap the log of the crown with roofing paper and fill it with concrete. ready-made curbstone.
And so all four corners of the house and its middle, along the perimeter. In total - 8 pedestals. The process is time consuming, difficult, but the result is worth it. When the curbstones were finished, we made a heap around the entire perimeter. The continuation of the outdoor work was postponed until the following summer. And we took up the interior renovation of the house.
This is a large room and let's start with it. Before the renovation, it looked like this:
This is her right corner. and this, in the photo below, is the left corner. As I write a thread, I'll stick to these two angles.
First, all layers of the old wallpaper were completely torn off. The windows were still old, but we were already waiting for the masters to install plastic windows.
The old stove was dismantled. and the stove-maker folded a new one.
Installation of plastic windows. the further, the more terrible, but the result is important.
AND THE RESULT DIDN'T MAKE YOURSELF WAIT LONG. I decided to close one window completely and make one big one - there will be a dining room.
After installing the windows, the men began to dismantle the old floor, level the logs and put brick cabinets under them.
Then the floors were laid with old boards (they will serve for a very long time, since they are thick and dry), and in places where there were rotten ones, they were replaced with new boards.
And then my "female work" has already begun, I insulated the walls with penofol,
Installed a metal frame for walls and ceilings. my mistake was that first you need to do the ceiling, and then the walls, and not vice versa. I found the technique for performing these works on the Internet, I will not dwell on it in detail. If you have any questions, I will be happy to answer ,what do I know.
It is much more difficult to fix the frame on the ceiling, the neck hurts.
When the metal frame is completely ready, you can sew gypsum boards to it, preferably in a checkerboard pattern, starting from the ceiling! Do not forget to scatter the electrical wiring and hide it in the gafrochannel, behind the profile, and install the distributor boxes in a place convenient for you.
In this photo you can see wooden blocks, I screwed them on for the subsequent fixing of bookshelves. Exactly the same, only thinner, I fix them under the ceiling above the windows (for attaching the cornices).
When all the walls and ceiling are sheathed with gypsum board, we putty with a spatula and align all the joints between the sheets and the places where the screws are screwed in with this composition.
At the corners and seams, we lay a reinforced mesh for the strength of the joints, and after everything is dry, we sand it, apply a primer to the walls and ceiling.
And now the most interesting moment is wallpapering. I took vinyl white for the ceiling and with delicate roses on the walls.
When the wallpaper is dry, I by mutual agreement
invited a team of craftsmen to finish their work in this room on the windows (slopes and window sills).
After that, I glued the ceiling plinth, hung the shelves on the wall, put my flowers on the windowsills, which the guys from the company had already installed for us.
The carpenter helped put the interior door, only then I found out that it was standing upside down. (what a difference!) if only it functions normally.
I pasted the doorways with a white corner on a liquid nail.
I put a substrate on the rough floor, then fiberboard and linoleum. Then she screwed the floor plinths with self-tapping screws and voila-beauty.
This is the big room.
Some of you wanted to see more details about concrete pedestals, so I added details. So, a layer of windows was inserted, the house was sheathed with flat slate from the outside, and a mound was made around the house, until next summer.
Now let's continue about outdoor work, after the cold winter and spring. next summer.
When all the pedestals are ready, gradually, opening each side of the house from the blockage, remove the rotten logs of the lower crown, dry them with waterproofing,
we install the formwork, lay the reinforcement, connecting it to the ends of the reinforcement of the corner pedestals and fill it with concrete.
We do this together with a man, under my strict guidance.
We make brickwork on the finished foundation.
And as expected, the blind area has been made. not quite ordinary.
Video (click to play).
This is all about outdoor work, home renovation. If you have any questions, ask, with pleasure that I know, I will answer. And for everyone who is interested, the continuation of the internal renovation awaits - the dining room!
