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Having understood the functionality and interaction of components, having studied the methods for determining common malfunctions, understanding what and thanks to what turns on, you can, without resorting to the services of masters, carry out a simple repair of the hob with your own hands.
All modern hobs work according to the same principle - the user acts on the control sensors, thereby turning on the power relays that switch large currents in the heating elements.
Therefore, first you need to localize the breakdown, that is, determine the defective node.It is assumed that the cable, connection terminals, fuse, voltage presence is checked, and command set errors are excluded.
Cooking surfaces (panels) are electric heating kitchen appliances (electric stoves) that have glass-ceramic outer cover. Glass-ceramic has great strength, allowing it to withstand a significant weight of dishes, and has good thermal conductivity.
The attractive appearance, which some manufacturers (for example, Hansa) complement with artistic decorations, allows the stylish hob to fit well into the modern kitchen design.
Artistic hob design
Heating elements hidden under the glass-ceramic surface are of several types:
Spiral, working like conventional heating elements;
Corrugated tapes (modified filaments);
Halogen infrared lamps (HaloLight technology);
Induction coils that only heat the cookware material.
Various designs of thermoelectric burners
Burners of the first three types convert electric current into heat according to the Joule-Lenz law in the same way as an incandescent filament in a conventional light bulb or a spiral in a conventional electric heating element is heated. The principle of heating using induction is described in detail in the article on induction boilers. Do-it-yourself repair of induction hobs will be discussed below.
Thermoelectric heaters have a heat-releasing corrugation or spiral laid in a heat-resistant material, connection terminals, as well as heating sensors presented in the form of a bimetallic plate located on the line of the radius or diameter of the burner. Expanding, the bimetallic plate acts on the contacts, closing or opening them.
Hob burner device
Depending on the design of the hob, the contacts of the temperature sensor can be power contacts (acting like a thermostat), or signal contacts included in the electronic control circuit. Malfunctioning sensors (thermostats) are a common reason that the hob does not turn on.
In general, repairing hobs differs little from repairing electric stoves, which is described in detail in one of the articles of this resource. The main visual difference is the presence of a glass-ceramic surface and the type of heaters, the spirals of which are visible through the transparent surface. Also a characteristic distinguishing feature is sensory electronic unit and the complete absence of the usual control levers.
Hob touch control unit
Therefore, the greatest difficulty in the repair of electric hobs is the electronic touch control unit, which is also a display. To repair it with your own hands, you will need knowledge in radio engineering and special equipment.
But otherwise, the hob is not much different from an electric stove - the heating elements are switched on by power relays, controlled by an electronic control board, which receives signals from the sensor.
But at first, even without disassembling the hob case, you can determine the malfunction of the touch display and the electronic control unit. As a rule, the receipt of a command from the user is accompanied by a sound signal and is displayed on the display. If there is no reaction to touch, then it becomes clear that there is a breakdown in the sensor.
Indication of a properly working hob
The sensitivity of the sensor may deteriorate due to severe surface contamination. It should be remembered that the entire glass-ceramic surface of the hob requires careful maintenance and cleaning, otherwise cracks may form from the accumulation of scale and burning.
Operation of a stove with cracked glass ceramics will lead to its further destruction and breakdown, therefore, timely care and cleaning of the hobs is needed, as shown in the video:
VIDEO Electronic board with display elements and control sensors
As you can see from the figure, the electronic board of the control unit has many small parts, including microcircuits, so repairing such a module with your own hands requires deep knowledge of radio engineering. If the malfunction of the sensor control unit is reliably established, then it is better to take this board to a specialized repair shop.
If surface diagnostics have not yielded results (the command turns on, but heating does not occur), you should look for a malfunction in the power switching unit. Some models of hobs can independently diagnose some malfunctions, signaling them using the error codes that appear on the display. You should carefully study the user manual and these codes - this will save time when troubleshooting.
Error codes for some hobs
The power control unit (switching) of the hob consists of relay groups controlled by an electronic sensor unit. When the operating mode is selected, one or more relays are energized, supplying power to the respective heating elements.
Arrows indicate power relays
Even for a novice master, it will be easy to disassemble the panel case with his own hands in order to independently determine the malfunction of a heating element or power relay. For this purpose, you will need a multimeter and skills to work with it. You will also need to determine the type of heating element itself in order to check it correctly (for example, the resistance of the induction coil is close to zero).
More experienced craftsmen often use a different method - they check the voltage supply to the main nodes, moving from the power terminals through the power relays to the heating elements. The power relay contacts may burn due to frequent switching on, and checking the presence of voltage at the input terminals of the burner will determine if the relay has been activated.
Measuring the supply voltage of a cooking zone
It should be remembered that many elements inside the enclosure carry life-threatening voltages. Working under stress requires focus, mindfulness and sober thinking.
If the terminals of the hotplate are normal supply voltage, you can check the performance of the heating element visually - the filament should be warmed up. But, if the burner turns on, but does not heat up to the required temperature, you need to measure the flowing current. The easiest way to do this without breaking the circuit is with a multimeter equipped with a clamp meter.
The use of a clamp meter to check the current in the power circuits of the hob
Knowing the maximum power of the burner and the supply voltage, you can calculate the rated current according to Ohm's law. In the case of heating elements that work like a heating element, a decrease in the current and heating temperature may be associated with malfunctions in the electronic control unit, thermostatic elements or in the power relays.
If the halogen burner does not heat well, then an internal chemical change in the composition of the gas in the heating element or degeneration of the spiral is possible. In this case, if all other possible malfunctions have been ruled out, the HaloLight Heater should be removed and replaced.
The appearance of the hob burners without glass-ceramic coating
It happens that the burner turns on, but after working for some time, it turns off ahead of time.Improper operation of the heating element may be due to a malfunction temperature sensor installed on the hotplate. In order not to change the entire expensive burner, you need to disassemble the sensor with your own hands, clean or bend its contacts, as shown in the video:
VIDEO To diagnose and repair the hobs, you will have to dismantle the equipment from the countertop, disconnect the power terminals and disassemble the case. It must be remembered that the glass-ceramic coating is vulnerable to point impacts and loads. Therefore, when turning the hob over, avoid small objects falling under the surface so that the weight of the cabinet is not applied to one point.
Mandatory care in the workplace when repairing a hob
It goes without saying that bumps, scratches and carelessness should be avoided. You should carefully examine the hardware fastening mechanisms - these can be bolted connections, screws, or latches. Some elements, for example, an electronic board, can be additionally fixed with glue or adhesive tape. When disassembling a particular model of the hob, you should first study the articles, images, videos available on the Internet.
Experienced craftsmen always check the physical strength of the terminal connections (with the voltage removed) - very often it is poor contact that is the reason that some burner does not turn on. If a faulty burner is detected with a multimeter, or a breakdown in the electronic board is detected, then it can be turned off with one hand alone, without the aid of a soldering iron, and taken to a workshop, where, to replace radioelements or relays, you will need skills in working with a soldering iron and the ability to work with radio components.
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VIDEO The peculiarities of the operation of induction heaters can very often be interpreted as a breakdown - the command is given, but the burner does not turn on, there is no characteristic glow, and heating does not occur. The fact is that the metal of the cookware and the coil of the burner form a single oscillatory circuit, due to which high-frequency oscillations arise that induce currents in the metal kitchen utensils.
VIDEO As mentioned above, the physical processes and the principle of heating using induction are described in detail in the previous article on induction boilers - you should familiarize yourself with this material in order to have an understanding of the operation of such equipment. In the case of hobs, induction heating is used to heat cookware, but the principle remains the same.
The working surface of the induction heater does not burn immediately after switching off
Repairing induction hobs requires an understanding of the high frequency generator and the self-oscillating processes that occur in the electronic circuit. The most susceptible to breakdowns are power switches (transistors), diodes and high-voltage capacitors that are part of the circuit.These transistors are often MOSFETs, and are not called bipolar semiconductors, but they can be detected as faulty.
VIDEO As shown in the video, technicians in service centers can determine faults in electronic circuits, relying on experience, having available equipment and a large stock of various element base in order to carry out repairs by replacing defective elements. Surface diagnostics of the main components is carried out by the breakdown test method.
VIDEO VIDEO
Various devices can be used for cooking, but due to their frequent use and intensive work, they are especially prone to breakdown. Repair of electric stoves can be done with your own hands at home, without taking out bulky equipment to a service center.
Despite the external complexity, this device has a very simple design. All working elements are installed in a special heat-resistant cabinet made of alloy steel.
The principle of operation of the electric stove is based on heating the heating element by means of an electric current flowing through it. The device is equipped with heating elements that are necessary for cooking. They are ceramic, tubular, halogen, solid.
Ceramic burners are presented in the form of a tube, so they can be used for any electric stoves and it is very easy to repair them yourself. The spiral fits into the hole in the plate and is secured with the help of special parts. Now more and more glass ceramics are used, which are more affordable and durable, in addition, it is amenable to washing;
Halogen burners are considered economical, they work due to halogen lamps with reflectors. These lighting devices are installed in different parts of the hob and provide fast heating and low consumption of electrical energy;
In old domestic tiles (Dream, ZVI and others), cast-iron spiral heating elements were often installed. They heated up slowly, but after turning off they gave off heat for a very long time. Separately, it should be noted their durability and resistance to moisture and high temperatures;
The tubular spiral is made of a hollow tube. When heated, it not only gives off heat, but also promotes the circulation of warm air inside itself, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the device. This type of hotplate is the most difficult to repair yourself.
To power the stove, a power wire is used, which is connected to all burners. In addition, they also connect to regulators and thermostats, which act as a safety system for the appliance. After switching on, the wire begins to transmit energy to the heating element, which is necessary for cooking. You need to control the heating level and the hotplate using the appropriate knob. Many household stoves Ardo (Ardo), Indesit (Indesit), Electrolux (Electrolux), Zanussi (Zanussi) and others, in addition to these devices, also have built-in timers and alarms. They help control cooking times.
Unlike gas stoves, electric stoves are considered fairly safe in everyday use. Their repair and maintenance can be easily done by yourself, and in terms of durability they are much better than gas models. In particular, this is because they can be cleaned at home, and not wait for the arrival of a specialist.
Typical malfunctions :
A burning smell appears during operation. If you are worried about the smell of burnt food, then repair is not needed, you need to clean the cooking surface. If it stinks of plastic or rubber, then you need to urgently call an electrician;
The hotplate does not heat up. This could be due to a lack of voltage, a coil or control handle problem. Repair of the burner or its wire will be required;
Heating temperature not adjustable. It will definitely require repair of the mode switch;
The hotplate does not heat up. A common problem with tabletop and stationary cookers is that their spirals crack. They can collapse as a result of an impact or from a sharp temperature drop (for example, the spiral heats up, and cold water accidentally gets on it). This is the reason for the lack of heating of the burner or uneven heating of food. Self-repair of the spiral is very easy to carry out without the help of a master - more often than not, it just needs to be replaced;
Poor oven performance. Most likely, the problem also lies in the breakage of the spiral.
It should be noted right away that the branded service will not undertake to carry out warranty repairs after outside interference. Therefore, if you do not have such experience, then it is better to immediately contact specialized workshops.
Before starting to repair the device, you need to disassemble the case and get to the main elements. Depending on the design, on the panel or on the back wall of the Ariston (Ariston), Beko (Veko), Bosch (Bosch) electric stove and others, threaded connections may be located. They must be carefully unscrewed and removed. The table is attached with four screws, if removed, the panels can be lifted and removed to the side.
You will see the wires that go to the burner - these are the power cables and switches. They must be removed, because otherwise, further disassembly will be impossible. Burner removal scheme looks like this:
First, the grounding clamping nut is unscrewed;
It comes off neatly;
There may be a ring or bracket under the ground, which serves to press the part as tightly as possible to the base;
The burner can be installed either on the thread or simply inserted into the hole. Depending on its design, you need to lubricate the threaded element with oil and unscrew the part from the case, or simply pry it off with a flat screwdriver and take it out.
After that, you will have access to the internal connections of the device. It should be noted that the main elements of the hob are located directly below it, below (on the bottom, under it, on the back wall) are the oven parts.
Consider how to clean ceramic hobs from Hansa (Hansa), Gorenje (Combustion), AEG and others. It is imperative to disconnect the device from the mains, otherwise you may get an electric shock. With a damp cloth, you need to wet the dirt on the surface of the burner and wait a few minutes, then gently clean off the build-up with a sponge or soft brush. In no case should a metal brush be used, otherwise the integrity of the spiral and powder coating may be damaged.
Step-by-step instructions on how to replace or repair a switch for household electric stoves:
It is necessary to turn off the power and turn the knob of the switch from the off position to the minimum heat. In the process, a lye should be heard, which indicates the operation of the thermostat;
If there is no click, then the regulator is faulty. For an additional check of the thermostat, you need to leave it in the middle position and turn on the power - the protection should turn on and off every half a minute;
Before removing the handles, be sure to read the "User's Guide", some models of plates are non-separable (Hephaestus, Kaiser);
The first to remove are the handles, which are used to adjust the outside. Then, using screwdrivers, the front panel is unscrewed;
Under it is a bar that presses the switches. It also needs to be unscrewed and the broken part removed.
What to do if the spiral is cracked :
Unplug the electric stove from the network. In most cases, repairing the coil is impractical, so it will need to be replaced;
Remove the top hob;
Under it there is either a hole for ceramic heating elements, or a recess for solid cast iron or halogen ones;
You need to very carefully pry on the part and remove it. Disconnect the contacts from the switch and the power wire beforehand;
Install the replacement coil in a similar way.
Video: replacing burners on an electric stove
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The hob is one of the most important appliances in the kitchen, and, like any other technique, is prone to breakdowns, but making repairs with your own hands is quite simple. If a malfunction is discovered during the warranty period, your stove will be repaired free of charge. But if a breakdown occurs several years later, you can try to repair the hob with your own hands, since contacting specialists can cost a little less than buying a new stove.
In this article, our experts have listed all the malfunctions of the hob and step by step disassembled the process of repairing the malfunctions with their own hands.
The hob does not turn on - the most common malfunction of electrical panels, the device is plugged into the outlet, but does not work at all, or only one of the burners does not heat up. DIY repair can be disassembled into the following steps:
We check the voltage in the outlet; due to heavy loads, the contacts of the outlet often burn out.
We check the plug and cord for mechanical damage - they can simply shorten or even break the chain. Most often, damage is observed at the points where the panel is plugged into the outlet. Found damage - we replace the cord.
We turn off the power, remove the fasteners and dismantle the surface from the tabletop. We disassemble the surface and move on to the next step.
We take a multimeter and check the transformer, the next step is to check the thermal fuse. In the absence of resistance, or if it differs significantly from that declared by the manufacturer, parts must be replaced, they are sold in many electronics stores.
One hotplate on the hob does not work - it is necessary to check all the wires, as well as their connections to the burners, thermostat, switches, control panel for the fact of an open circuit. If the malfunction is not visually visible, all the contacts are in place, we take a multimeter and check each connection.If you do not have a multimeter, you can use an indicator screwdriver for repairs, with which you can check the presence of voltage on all parts of the circuit. We also recommend watching a video that will help you repair the hobs yourself.
See also - How to install the hob in the worktop with your own hands
VIDEO The main malfunctions that users of electric hobs may encounter are as follows:
See also - How to connect the hob with your own hands
Although induction panels are the most modern and high-tech devices, they are also not immune to malfunctions. We will analyze the main malfunctions of induction panels, and what repairs you can try to do yourself.
The induction hob does not turn on or turns off immediately - most often this is a feature of this type of panel, and not a malfunction. The induction hob has a protective function, if you use the wrong diameter or material of the cookware, the hob will automatically turn off the power, and the hotplate will not heat up. Also, the hotplate will turn off automatically if you remove the dishes from the surface.The induction hob heats up for a long time and weakly - again, we read the requirements for the dishes in the instructions.90% of induction hob malfunctions are associated with the wrong cookware.The induction hob turns on automatically although there is no cookware on the hotplate. Remove all metal objects and clean the salt from the stove, if this does not help, you have a problem in the control unit, it needs to be repaired or replaced. Better to contact the service.The induction hob does not work ... The principle of diagnostics and repair does not change, specialists first of all check the fuse. then they ring the entire chain for an open circuit and replace the burnt-out part.
The last type of cooking appliances is a gas surface. One of the simplest and easiest to repair with your own hands. Less electronics are used, so there are not many faults and everything is easily eliminated.
Gas does not ignite or ignites poorly. We immediately check the electric ignition (piezo) for the presence of blockage or liquid. In 90% of cases, it is enough to wash it thoroughly and dry it. If this does not help, we check the presence of electricity in the circuit leading to the piezo coil.
The gas hob does not turn on because gas does not flow to the burner. Repair of hobs in these cases is not needed, prevention is enough. We check the gas pipe, if the valve is open and there is gas in the system, proceed to check the nozzles. The clogging occurs with fat or food debris, it is enough to clean it. Do not forget to wipe dry after cleaning, moisture should not remain. If moisture remains, the piezo will not ignite.
Modern hobs are equipped with sensors for detecting faults and diagnostic modules, an error code appears on the screen. We find the code in the instructions and follow the specified recommendations to eliminate a specific malfunction. Use the forums, there you can find real reviews and experiences on DIY repair from specialists and other users, namely your model with detailed instructions and photos.
If we analyze all the malfunctions of hobs that may occur during operation, we can say with confidence that most of them can be repaired by hand.
Fuse blown
Contact broke
The chain is broken
Cable damage
Clogged stove, nozzles
The heating element broke
Sensor does not work
Video (click to play).
All these malfunctions are eliminated by hand, if you are faced with a more complex problem and are not sure of your knowledge and strength, contact the service center.
