DIY sewing machine repair

Complex repairs of sewing machines related to the adjustment of units and mechanisms can only be performed by an experienced master. But such repairs are rarely performed, only when a part breaks down at the sewing machine and needs to be replaced with subsequent adjustment.
Most often, the sewing machine begins to "play up" if the rules of its operation, specified in the instructions, are violated or if simple settings and adjustments are not followed.

The main reason leading to a sewing machine malfunction is sewing fabrics that are not intended for this sewing machine model. Sewing a double hem on jeans, replacing a zipper in a leather jacket or bag, etc. - this is the main reason for the appearance of gaps in the stitch, thread breakage, needle breakage. Sometimes this can even lead to a breakdown of the sewing machine, subsequent complex repairs associated with the replacement of parts.

This article provides basic recommendations on how to set up and perform a simple DIY repair of a sewing machine.

Oddly enough, but it is the needle that is the most important part of the machine. During its “life” it makes thousands of punctures in the fabric and is not always light and thin, so sooner or later the needle point becomes dull, and the needle itself bends. And if at least once the needle hits the metal part of the machine body, the tip will bend in the literal and figurative sense of the word.
However, do we pay attention to this? The needle seems to be intact, so everything is fine. But take a magnifying glass and look at its point, its blade will be bent to one side. How would such a point pierce the tissue? There is only one way - to break it.

Now let's see how such a needle will form a stitch.
The thread passing through the eye of the needle will catch on the curved point and “slow down”, creating excess upper thread in the stitch. Here is the first reason the loops appear in the stitching. Moreover, a curved tip will cause periodic thread breakage, especially in difficult to sew areas, when the upper thread is extremely tight.

It turns out that sometimes the whole repair of a sewing machine consists only in replacing the needle.
Treat the needle with great care. Even if it outwardly has no blade defects and is not bent, try to change them more often anyway.
You do not need to throw out the used needles, as there are situations when the needles break one after the other, for example, when sewing a leather bag. Then remember about the jar with old needles.

Another reason for adjusting the sewing machine, especially the old manual machines such as Singer or Podolsk, is the incorrect insertion of the needle into the needle bar. The needle blade (fig. B) should be on the side of the hook nose. Remove the stitch plate and see if this is the case if the machine suddenly begins to twist and break the thread.

It often happens that a seamstress installs a needle from an industrial sewing machine into a household sewing machine. It is impossible to confuse a household needle with an industrial needle. A household needle has a special cut on the flask (Fig. B). But, nevertheless, it is the industrial types of needles that are installed. This absolutely should not be done. Firstly, you break the gap between the hook point and the needle blade, hence the gaps in the stitches, and secondly, you risk damaging the sewing machine hook. Some commercial needles are noticeably longer than household needles and may touch the surface of the hook, scratch it or even damage the hook.

Figure (A) shows a diagram of how to check the curvature of the needle.Externally, the needle cannot be determined whether it is a curve or not, and if you put it on the glass (2), you can easily check the gap (1). Please note that an uneven, bent needle will cause gaps in the stitching and will break sooner or later.

To make the sewing machine “more confident” to work with fabrics that are difficult to sew, such as knitwear, stretch, thin natural and artificial leather, denim, needles are produced for sewing just such fabrics and materials. They have a special point shape and make it easier for the thread to pass through the fabric, almost eliminating skipped stitches and looping of the upper thread.
See Home sewing machine needles.

The thread looping in the stitching, as well as the characteristic knock during their operation, is perhaps the main difference between sewing machines with a zigzag, such as Chaika, Podolskaya 142 of all models. In short, the looping in the stitching occurs due to the uneven tension of the thread along its path: a broken compensation spring, rusty sole of the foot, the shuttle is incorrectly set, etc. However, it is impossible to set many parameters yourself without experience. Therefore, if you have a poor quality stitch, pay attention first of all to the condition of the needle, to the tension of the lower thread in the bobbin case, and whether the upper thread tensioner is working properly. Very often, children like to disassemble and assemble it, and after such a repair, the machine stops working.

It is sometimes necessary to repair the sewing machine Chaika quite often, and this is not due to the breakdown of parts, the parts are just very strong, but to the misalignment of the interaction of some units of the sewing machine, mainly the shuttle move.
Almost all of these tips for repairing a sewing machine Chaika can be used for other models of household machines.

First of all, check the nose of the shuttle with a magnifying glass, it should not have any chipping or rusty spots. If there are jags, they must be removed with a small file and polished to a shine, otherwise the thread will constantly linger behind the file marks, and loops will appear below. Only this must be done carefully so as not to blunt the tip of the shuttle nose.

Sometimes the bobbin (the bobbin thread is wound around it) can cause repairs to the sewing machine. Yes, it is repair, since an inexperienced "master" often disassembles and assembles all the units, when it is enough to simply replace the old metal bobbin with a new plastic one. If the edges of the metal bobbin are jagged and the bobbin case itself is clogged with thread fleece, the bobbin thread will come out in jerks and the upper thread in the stitching will periodically loop from below.

Often the reason for contacting a sewing machine repairman is that the upper thread is poorly regulated. You are tightening it almost completely, but the tension is still too weak. Look, perhaps, between the tensioner plates, thread fluff has accumulated, which prevents the washers from fully squeezing. The fastening of the tensioner (Chaika) may have loosened.

But still, most often, sewing machines such as the Seagull have a malfunction in the parameters of the shuttle and the needle. This is a complex type of repairing a sewing machine, more precisely adjustments, but for general information it is advisable to know the main reason due to which all the "troubles" of sewing machines occur.

The most common cause of a sewing machine malfunction is the upper thread. Thread breakage, looping in a stitch, uneven stitching, skips, etc. This often depends on the upper thread tensioner.
It is the fastening of the tension regulator (Seagull) that most often causes its poor performance. The plastic body is pressed under the pressure of the screw and over time the tensioner starts to stagger, or even completely "falls out" of the body.

In this photo, arrows indicate the attachment of the needle bar and tensioner.When sewing rough fabrics, intersecting seams on leather goods, and especially when hemming jeans, the needle bar may move upward with the needle.
Loosen the screw slightly and adjust its position, making sure that the blade and needle groove are in the correct position in relation to the hook (not turning left or right).
For details on how to disassemble and assemble the sewing machine tensioner, see the article "The device of the sewing machine tensioner Chaika".

Adjusting the shuttle mechanism of sewing machines performing zigzag stitching by Chaika, Podolsk, Veritas and others implies setting the position of the looper point above the needle eye by 1.2 (3) mm at the moment the looper point approaches the needle. This parameter is checked when the sewing machine sews not only the straight stitch, but also the left and right needle drop (when sewing the zigzag stitch).
The point of the shuttle must at the same time pass almost closely to the blade of the needle - this is the second condition that allows you to form a stitch without gaps.

In this photo, the arrow indicates the fastening of the shuttle shaft. Loosen the screw with a 10-point wrench, and holding the handwheel by hand, you can turn the shaft (together with the shuttle stroke) by adjusting the position of the hook point in relation to the needle.

However, these are not all the parameters for adjusting the interaction of the hook nose and needle. There is such a parameter as the timeliness of the approach of the shuttle nose to the needle, namely at the moment when the needle starts to rise. The needle descends to the lowest point, and when raised by 1.8-2.0 mm, it should meet the nose of the shuttle, the shuttle removes the loop from the needle and wraps around itself.

But that's not all. For sewing machines performing a zigzag stitch, there is such a thing as right and left needle prick. With the left and right prick of the needle, the nose of the shuttle should “confidently” remove the loop formed above the eye of the needle. It should run slightly above the eye of the needle, but less than the distance of the eye of the needle itself, about 1 mm.

However, such adjustments are often not required to be performed, it is enough just to check with a magnifying glass how the shuttle interacts with the needle and make sure that repairs, adjusting the sewing machine are not needed, and look for another reason. For example, change the threads, thread them correctly, change the needle, clean the shuttle from dust and fleece, etc.
To make it easier for you to repair the sewing machine, disassemble the shuttle move and study its device. Observe how the stitch is formed when the stitch plate is removed. At the same time, check all the shuttle settings described above. See also How the sewing hook works.

The settings above can be used as a guide if you decide to repair your sewing machine yourself. As a rule, the machine will work normally with such gaps, but if you need to sew knitted fabrics that are too thin (silk) or, on the contrary, thickened fabrics, you need a more accurate adjustment of these parameters, which can only be set by the master.

In many cases, sewing machine repairs will not be necessary as long as the sewing machine is kept clean and lubricated periodically. If a seamstress takes care of her machine, then, therefore, she will protect it from overload during work, not let it into the “wrong” hands, which means that the sewing machine will break less often.

After prolonged operation, clean the bobbin compartment and other accessible places from dust, fleece, oil stains. The shuttle itself, the shuttle mechanism, should be periodically cleaned with a stiff hair brush. It is advisable to lubricate the machine at least once every six months, and after lubricating it a little “idle” on it, especially if the machine is not used for a long time. During operation, the oil heats up slightly and better penetrates into units and places of friction.

It is better to draw machine oil into a medical syringe and bury it in small drops in accessible places where there is friction of metal parts.

The big enemy of all mechanisms is dirt and rust, try to keep the car in a cool, dry place. If the machine will not be used for a long time, protect it from dust, otherwise the oil from the dust will harden, and the machine will turn tightly, or even jam. This case is considered in the article Podolsk Manual Sewing Machine.

Inexpensive Sewing Machine: Pros and Cons
In this article, we will figure out whether such a combination is possible - "an inexpensive and good machine" and how an inexpensive sewing machine that costs 3-4 thousand rubles differs from a machine that costs 30 thousand.

We sew knitwear without gaps and looping
Many who tried to sew knitwear on an ordinary sewing machine noticed that the machine often refuses to make a beautiful and even stitch. There are gaps in the knitted stitching, the lower thread loops and sometimes breaks. Why is this happening and how can you fix it?

What is the difference between a carpetlock and an overlocker and a coverlock
The coverlock is a modern and versatile machine that can overcast fabrics, sew cover stitches and even stitch parts like a regular sewing machine. But it is impossible to repair such a sewing machine with your own hands, you must definitely contact the service center.

Decorative stitching in difficult areas
Sometimes it is required to make a perfectly even decorative stitching on a product, but you cannot draw a line with chalk - traces will remain, and there is not enough experience to scribble "by eye". Simple tips on how to sew on “difficult” areas.

What to buy a sewing machine
For those who rarely sew simple products or occasionally perform minor repairs on clothes, you can buy an inexpensive economy-class sewing machine. It performs almost all operations, is easy to operate, and most importantly, for such a machine, it will be cheaper to build repairs if suddenly it is needed.

Tips for setting up an overlock
The overlock is much more complex than sewing machines. It is almost impossible to repair an overlock without special knowledge and skills. However, repair or adjustment is not always required, sometimes it is enough just to adjust the thread tension and it will again overcast the fabric with high quality.

Sewing a dress with your own hands
How to sew a dress with your own hands. Technology and sequence of sewing dresses for beginners.

How to make a pattern and other tips for beginners
How to make a pattern, what tools are needed for this. These and many other tips for beginners.

Do-it-yourself sewing machine repair - instructions. How to renovate an industrial, antique (antique)

Clothes are an attribute of the life of every person. It reflects the lifestyle of the individual, his social position and serves as a means of self-expression. In modern society, clothes are produced using a special technique that greatly simplifies human labor - sewing machines. The sewing machine cannot run flawlessly all the time. Like any mechanism, it needs care, adjustment, lubrication, and sometimes repair. In case of minor malfunctions, repair of the sewing machine can be carried out independently. However, there are problems in which only a repair shop can bring the sewing machine back to life. Let's try to figure out in which cases it is possible to repair sewing equipment at home, and in which it is necessary to seek help from professionals.

An industrial sewing machine is mainly purchased by firms or individuals who are professionally involved in sewing garments. A feature of industrial sewing machines is the presence of a table, an electric drive and a lamp. It is better to trust the repair of modern industrial sewing machines to qualified specialists in order to avoid additional problems during self-repair.If the problems are insignificant or there is no opportunity and funds to contact a professional, instructions for repairing an industrial sewing machine will come to the rescue.

Based on the above adjustments, you need to proceed to the next step of setting the sewing technique, which consists in setting the gap between the hook nose and the needle point at the time of their meeting in the size of 0.05-0.1 mm. It should be noted that the needle should pass at a minimum distance from the hook nose, but not come into contact with it.

Another important point of the equipment is adjusting the tension of the compensation spring. It happens that this spring is not in the machine at all, or it is there, but does not work. In this case, the machine itself can function quite normally, without giving the seamstress cause for concern. However, it is the correct operation of this spring that allows you to make beautiful stitches, especially on delicate fabrics. To adjust this spring, you need to loosen the tensioner fastening screw and completely remove the tensioner. To avoid problems with re-installing the tensioner, sketch, photograph or remember how it was assembled. Next, you need to move the spring leash.

The sewing equipment operating manual clearly describes how to repair and adjust each mechanism. How to repair a sewing machine is also known to professional repairmen who can perform repairs of any complexity with high quality and in a short time. However, contacting such a specialist can be expensive, so it makes sense to know what problems in sewing equipment may arise and what are the chances to correct the situation on your own.

Quite a common situation is when problems in working with a sewing machine arise due to improper operation, lack of cleaning and lubrication measures, and a lack of correspondence between the types of needles, threads and fabrics. In this case, it is realistic to repair the sewing machine with your own hands. And the first thing to start with in this case is to study the rules of operation and repair that are attached to the sewing equipment.

Consider the typical problems of sewing equipment, the main reasons for their occurrence, which will help answer the main question: how to repair a sewing machine at home.

Upper thread breakage - may occur due to:

- incorrect threading of the upper thread;

- entanglement of the upper thread - appears when used when sewing tapered spools, threads from which come off with a jerk and in excess. It is this excess that gets tangled in the creel, which causes the thread to break. The creel is an additional stand for bobbins, thanks to which the thread is removed upwards and not sideways;

- excessive tension of the upper thread;

- bluntness or bending of the needle. An ordinary magnifying glass will help to detect the curvature of the needle tip. Also, problems with the needle can be signaled by the appearance of a dull sound when the sewing machine is operating. When a similar problem arises, it is necessary to urgently replace the damaged needle, so as not to spoil either the machine or the fabric;

- inconsistencies of threads, needles and fabrics;

- the presence of burrs and burrs in the direction of the thread from the spool to the needle. If there are any, remove them with a fine file or other grinding tool;

- loosening of the bobbin case lock spring. If a similar situation arises, you can try to stretch the spring a little, but it will be safer to purchase a new serviceable bobbin case;

Breaking the bobbin thread - occurs for the following reasons:

- there is a tangling of the lower thread in the shuttle course;

- the thread was not threaded correctly into the bobbin case. The best solution in this case is to check if your steps for threading the thread are in accordance with the procedure for threading the bobbin case described in the instruction manual;

- the bobbin thread is too tight - can be loosened by adjusting the upper thread tension or by half a turn of the screw in the bobbin case;

- burrs and other defects on the bobbin case - the bobbin needs to be replaced.

Skipped stitches in a line - appears for the following reasons:

- the use of industrial needles, which do not have a saw cut on the flask, for sewing on household sewing machines;

- Corner set incorrectly or too high. When threading into household sewing machines, it should be remembered that the thread is always inserted from the side of the long groove, and the cut of the bulb of the household needle is located on the back side. If the corner is fixed too high, then when the needle converges with the nose of the shuttle, the latter will not be able to capture the needle loop;

- dullness, curvature of the needle;

- incomparability of the needle, thread and fabric;

- accumulation of debris and thickened oil under the throat plate. Cleaning and relubricating all parts under the throat plate will be the solution.

Looped threads, uneven stitching may occur in the following cases:

- uneven winding of the thread on the spool or bobbin. You should not wind the threads on the bobbin yourself, for this there is a special device that evenly lays the threads, which guarantees an even thread coming off. It is incredibly difficult to achieve such an effect manually, and a mistake can lead to clamping of the thread between the turns and the appearance of loops;

- excessively weak / strong tension of the upper thread or excessively strong / weak tension of the lower thread;

- weak / excessive tension of both threads;

- accumulation of lint, dust and debris in the upper thread tensioner - you should disassemble the tensioner and clean everything thoroughly;

- a slot has formed under the leaf spring on the bobbin case. The solution to the problem in this case comes down to buying a new bobbin case.

Violation of the movement of the fabric during sewing occurs for several reasons:

- the rack teeth have become dull;

- the rack teeth are incorrectly positioned.

Factors causing needle breakage:

- there is no correspondence between the needle, thread and fabric;

- the needle is rusted, bent or dull;

- there is a curvature of the needle bar or it is set high / low;

- while sewing, you move the material yourself - you need to adjust the degree of pressing the fabric with the foot, the level of the rack teeth, then the machine will be able to move the fabric on its own.

The sewing machine operates slowly and noisily under the following conditions:

- lint and dust have collected under the throat plate.

- the machine needs lubrication;

- excessive tension of the drive belt - it is necessary to adjust the tension of the belt in such a way that when the finger is pressed, it will bend with difficulty, but it will bend.

Thus, often the need to repair sewing equipment arises as a result of non-observance of the rules of operation and insufficient maintenance, and the entire repair of the machine comes down to setting up its mechanisms and replacing a faulty needle or bobbin case.

By buying sewing equipment in stores or from authorized dealers, you get the opportunity to service your machine in the future, and, if necessary, apply for warranty and post-warranty repairs. Additional maintenance of sewing equipment includes:

- training buyers in the correct use of the machine and all its functionalities, can take place in the form of presentations, master classes, videos;

- training clients in the basics of care, cleaning and lubrication;

- explanation of typical problems that customers can fix on their own (replace the needle, belt drive, adjust the thread tension, adjust the stitching, clean and lubricate the machine, tighten the screws);

- supplying customers with the necessary set of spare parts and consumables (screwdrivers, lubricators, needles, etc.);

- installation of software for electronic sewing equipment;

- provision of related products and sewing accessories.

In case of serious breakdowns, for example, malfunction of the shuttle socket, problems in electrical and electronics, the client will have to resort to the services of a service center, if the equipment is still under warranty, then the malfunctions will be eliminated under the terms of warranty repair. In general, sewing equipment repair service centers perform a wide variety of repairs: from cleaning and lubricating to replacing electronic boards.

On your own it is really possible to change the brushes and the electric drive. The need to replace old brushes with new ones can be determined by turning off the lights in the room and working a little without light. If the engine sparks or emits a crack, then it's time to change the brushes, which can be purchased at service centers or sewing equipment stores. Usually the brushes are easy to get: you need to unscrew the locking washers with a screwdriver. However, in almost all Soviet typewriters, the brushes are located inside the motor housing.

Repairing a sewing equipment motor most often means replacing it. However, buying a new electric motor can become a serious problem, since modern cars do not have a single mounting standard for an electric drive, which cannot be said about the old Soviet ones. Therefore, it would be more correct to contact the service center of the manufacturer of your particular sewing machine. Firstly, they will select the ideal engine and pulley, and secondly, set up the parliaments for turning on the typewriter and lighting the workplace.

In order for the electric motor to work for a long time and properly, it is necessary to observe the modes of work and rest, which are spelled out in the operating rules for household sewing machines. Otherwise, the electric motor will overheat, the wires will melt, become exposed over time, which will eventually lead to a short circuit and complete failure of the engine. Industrial sewing equipment has a different motor structure and more powerful fans, so it can work for a long time without rest. Another useful tip - do not leave the sewing equipment plugged in for a long time, always unplug the power plug, because although the machine will not work, the power will still be supplied to the electric drive.

The mechanics who repair sewing equipment have a decent arsenal of tools and fixtures for repairing. Among them: keys, awl, wire cutters, staples, platypuses, metal rods, needle files, vernier calipers, triangular file, pliers, hammer, cleaning brush, as well as an oiler and spare parts for repairing a sewing machine. As you can see, there are many tools, some of them are in every home. The most important and necessary tools that every seamstress or tailor should have are a screwdriver, pliers, something made of grinding material, a cleaning bead and an oil can. Everything else, if necessary, can be purchased or borrowed.

If, nevertheless, a breakdown occurs and spare parts for the sewing machine are needed, there are repair shops and special sewing equipment stores that offer a wide range of parts: feet, bobbin case, thread take-up, motor, thread tension regulator, toothed rack, foot lifting mechanism, foot holder, presser foot screw, stitch length adjuster, pedal, throat plate, needles and needle bar. In addition, parts can be ordered from online stores.

What are you going to fix in the sewing machine? With regards to products from the time of Stalin, nothing ... It works to this day. Modern breakdowns will torment, a bunch of settings get confused, requiring correction to get the desired result. We have nothing against progress, but historians consider a society preoccupied with consumption as an intermediate stage. Like a tax on bridges erected by medieval feudal lords to impose tribute on pedestrians. It got to insanity: buildings were built out of the blue for profit.Low-quality things are akin to ancient savagery and will become a thing of the past. Do-it-yourself sewing machine repair is a pleasure! The weak half is strong in needlework, when a strong helper is at home.

In 1953, Clifford Simak's story, The Ring Around the Sun, was released. The meaning of the plot: in orbit there are countless myriads of Earths located in parallel universes. Events developed against the backdrop of the curious invention of the eternal light bulb. Then the ever-mobiles appeared. Clifford described the fall of the consumer society, the goods were bought once, used a whole life, remember Stalin ... A revolution happened, working people, fearing to lose their jobs, began to destroy modernized factories, the most interesting thing was built by people moving between dimensions. In a ring around the sun.

Until 1829, inventions in the field of sewing machines would be called unsuccessful, although Leonardo da Vinci created the first drawings that would be equal to future generations. During the era of manufactories, the French tailor Timonier created a wooden model, which they immediately began to copy and reproduce. One replaced several apprentices. There were massive demonstrations of artisans who saw a threat to existence (I wonder what the rulers will do, if scientists create a computer that makes decisions, can grimace, they will immediately destroy it?). The matter went far: 200 local tailors destroyed the workshop of new mechanical sewing machines, Timonye had to flee, fearing for the safety of his life. Not the first time: the inventor of the loom suffered a similar fate.

The surviving fruits of the technological revolution

During his life, Timonier created a billion modifications of the sewing machine. Some technical solutions are still used by household, industrial modifications. 300 stitches every minute were made by machines, today's electric models are capable of producing three times more. For 200 years! The frequency of computer processors doubles every two to three years (growth has slowed down since 2010). Timonier's sewing machine worked with silk and other delicate fabrics.

In parallel, in 1834, Walter Hunt invented a model with a shuttle, reminiscent of modern ones. By 1848 Elios Howe created the first sewing machine containing the features of the present. The fabric feeder appears. The sewing machine is equipped with a horizontal curved needle, makes 300 stitches per minute, replaces three tailors. The workers of the USA revolted and destroyed the shop. The inventor had to flee, fearing for his life. The last stitch was probably made by Singer. Gives the needle a vertical motion, introducing the modern look of the toothed strips pressed by the foot. In 1900, a workshop in Podolsk was built, where 5000 people worked for the October Revolution. Initially, Singer parts were imported from the United States, then they began to be manufactured in Russia.

Brother, Janome, Bernina, and other brands of sewing machines appeared. People are afraid of change, but change is inevitable. Revolutionaries hinder progress. Imagine if inventors stopped producing promising technologies. Humanity will continue to explore caves and trees instead of cities with multi-storey buildings.

I immediately remembered modern economical light bulbs. I had a chance to talk to an old sewing machine, it became clear, probably, since the time of invention, the technology retained the principle, settings. The quality of the parts was not right. Although they discovered smooth surfaces (nanotechnology), they created strong alloys. A main shaft with a crankshaft is introduced inside. Moving parts of the sewing machine work from it. What will be stated below affects the repair of hand sewing machines:

1. The needle is directly connected to the shaft. To ensure the forward movement up and down, a crankshaft is held inside. An eyelet is made in the needle where the thread is threaded. When moving down, the fabric is pierced, the loop is captured by the shuttle moving in a circle, in one direction, in the other. For 1 revolution of the main shaft it manages to run back and forth.
2. The shuttle is driven by a separate shaft connected to the main one by means of a knee. The phase of movement is regulated by a screw. You can rotate the auxiliary shaft relative to the main one. Synchronization of movement is achieved. Let's discuss repairing the sewing machine shuttle.
3. The third component, which ensures the movement of the fabric along the seam in the desired direction, are the toothed strips. Made of steel, they move like the legs of a person when walking. They go down, go forward, go up, go back. There is one cycle per stitch.

It is important to correctly set the vertical position of the toothed strips. When the needle plunges into the fabric, the top edges of the teeth will be level with the sewing machine table.

Unlike other devices, the toothed strips are driven by two shafts. One is responsible for horizontal movement, the other for vertical movement. The adjustment method is the same. A screwed screw on the axis of the corresponding shaft, which changes the position of the segment relative to the phase of the main shaft. Correct adjustment of the toothed strips is achieved.

It is important to ensure the correct position of the needle in relation to the hook. Remember three landmarks to look up to. Please note: for modern models, the old ones are arranged differently, and adjustment is required once every hundred years (twice since the invention)!

1. In the lower position, the eye of the needle is 4 - 6 mm below the nose of the vertical hook.
2. The nose of the hook is compared with the edge of the needle - the distance from the top edge of the nose-hole is 1 mm.
3. When the top edge of the tab is aligned with the bottom edge of the hook nose, the hook nose should protrude 1 mm beyond the needle.

Approximate guidelines, you can use it, decorating the horizon, the need to repair sewing machines with your own hands.

Wise mom instructs daughter correctly

Repairing the electric sewing machine is not the only thing to do. The heel clamp is adjusted so that the fabric stops crawling. Made with a special screw. There is a spring inside, so the setting can be approximate, it will rarely be required. This applies to stitch lengths. For thin fabrics, more frequent are recommended, for thick fabrics, rare. In mechanical machines, the reverse is often turned on with a handle, it is inconvenient when you need to sew a patch, it is better to forget about the inscriptions altogether.

It is much more important to set the upper and lower thread tension correctly. If done incorrectly, a number of unpleasant effects will occur when using a sewing machine:

1. If the upper thread tension is loosened, there will be loops at the bottom of the seam. It is corrected by a special adjustment mechanism until the result is satisfactory. You can loosen the bobbin thread with the bobbin screw. It is important to know: too little tension is not allowed - the seam will not work at all - too strong - the thread may break. The last two cases are malfunctions, take note.
2. Pull the upper thread too tight - the fabric begins to pull together. Seen from jagged, billowing edges. You can release the upper thread, pull the lower one. Please note that you should not be too zealous. The pulled thread breaks, as mentioned above.

Ideally, the interweaving of the two threads takes place within the material. When the needle rises from the down position, the loop is caught by the hook. A turn is made, an interlacing is formed. The needle rises, tightens the stitch. If the thread is not inserted correctly, it breaks. YouTube demonstrates a video: a working sewing machine was taken for repair, the master did nothing, took 1000 rubles, returned the product. Then the situation surfaced, disgruntled clients harassed the guru. The money was returned, accompanied by small verbal parting words.

With a blunt, thin needle skipping stitches occurs. The thread number corresponds to the needle number. There is one feature in modern sewing machines that needs to be considered. For each needle, a guide stop was placed under the surface of the table, which did not allow the point to go to the side.The thicker the fabric, the greater the distance to it. Unfortunately, we cannot give any signs of a malfunction, just keep in mind: a similar setting has been noticed. Repair of a foot sewing machine has a special feature: the drive is switched on remotely. Except for the button, there is little difference. Repairing a sewing machine pedal is more akin to carpentry, soldering art.

Sewing machines do not lose their popularity even in the twenty-first century. Those who were born in the Soviet era remember that from childhood girls were taught to sew various things, from gloves to jackets and coats.

During the Soviet era, most people did their own sewing machine repairs. Even today, those who attend sewing and sewing courses understand that it is better to repair a sewing machine on their own than to take it to a service center:

• Firstly, companies that repair sewing machines demand quite a lot of money from their customers for the services they provide.
• Secondly, the device of even modern machines can be figured out in a matter of hours, one should only carefully approach this issue, and in the future this will allow repairing sewing machines without involving third parties.

Let's take a look at the basic rules for operating sewing machines:

• Sewing equipment should not be placed near batteries or heaters. But at the same time, it should be in a dry room, in which there are no signs of dampness;
• Before starting work, it is necessary to select the necessary materials and tools, needles and threads that will be needed in the process of work;
• Before you start sewing, you need to make sure that the needle and thread guide are in the up position;
• Remember that the sewing machine must be helped at the time of sewing by pulling the fabric towards you;
• After the sewing work is finished, raise the presser foot and pull out the fabric. Next, cut the thread, having found a free end in advance, the length of which will be equal to a maximum of seven, but at least five centimeters.