In detail: the microwave does not heat DIY repair from a real master for the site my.housecope.com.
Sometimes, putting food to reheat / defrost, we are surprised to learn that the microwave does not heat. Everything works, glowing, spinning, but the food remains cold. What to do? In order not to carry it to repair, you can try to fix the breakdown yourself.
As usual, the reasons for the breakdown of a microwave oven lie in non-observance of the rules of operation. This accounts for most of the problems with household appliances and this case is no exception. Most often, problems begin after:
There is a metal object in the chamber during heating / defrosting / cooking. Most often, this is a spoon or fork that is in the container with food. At the same time, the microwave begins to spark, and after that it starts to be capricious - it sparks, does not heat food.
Another fairly common situation that often leads to breakdowns is heating in a sealed container that is not intended for this. When a certain temperature is reached, the dishes explode, the food scatters around the chamber, clogging the parts of the oven. Rarely does such an incident go without consequences (washing the chamber does not count).
The location of the parts can be like this
Cheap stoves can often break down. They are made in such a way that they are less repaired and more often bought new. And the last obvious reason is wear and tear on parts. If your oven has been in service for a decent number of years, most likely the parts have simply exhausted their working life. As you can see, there are not many technical reasons. Basically, these are erroneous actions of "users". The result is that the microwave does not heat up or does not turn on at all.
Video (click to play).
To make it easier to repair a microwave oven, let's get acquainted at least in general terms with its device. Most of all we are interested in her "insides".
Microwave device
Generates microwaves magnetron. It is connected to the camera by a rectangular waveguide. In some models, the waveguide is covered by a piece of mica (a gray-brown material that looks like metal), in others it is covered with a plastic cover. The magnetron is powered by a transformer, capacitor and diode. There is often a high voltage fuse in the supply circuit to protect the transformer from overload.
There is a fan for cooling the magnetron. Warm air from the magnetron also enters the working chamber through the air duct, which accelerates the heating of food. Steam and excess air are removed from the chamber through special openings that do not allow radiation to pass through.
Microswitches for locking the closed door
To prevent the microwave oven from working with a loosely closed door, interlock microswitches are installed. Until their buttons are pressed (doors are not closed), power is not supplied. When the door is opened, the power circuit breaks instantly. One of the reasons the microwave does not turn on is breakage or sticking of these small parts.
The number of microswitches depends on the model. They can be from 2 to 5 pieces. Some manufacturers also use them in start button and power control circuits. So one of the reasons why the microwave does not heat up may be damage to the microswitch in the power control circuit.
An incandescent lamp is installed in the chamber for lighting. Most often it is located inside the duct.
Operating modes are set from the control panel. It can contain electromechanical switches, or it can be made on the basis of a microprocessor.Digital control again can have options: there can be ordinary buttons that select a mode, or there can be a touch panel. If a trouble happened with the control, it is better not to get into electronics without knowledge and skills. The only thing that can be checked is how well the conductors hold. Everything else - only with the appropriate experience.
There are situations when you put food to warm up, everything seems to work, but even after a long period of time, the temperature of the food is insufficient or completely cold. The reason that the microwave does not heat can be both a serious breakdown and easily removable reasons. Let's start easy:
The microwave oven may not heat well due to low line voltage. For normal operation of the magnetron, 220 V is required. If the voltage is lower, it will work, but the temperature will rise very slowly. The situation is treated by installing a stabilizer. Naturally, it is better at the entrance to a house or apartment, but you can put a small stabilizer only on this equipment.
If the microwave does not heat, you will have to repair it
All other reasons are more serious and must be dealt with separately.
In this section, we will consider the damage that can lead to the fact that the microwave does not heat, although everything is spinning / glowing. To restore performance is more difficult than in the previous paragraph, but not so much that it was impossible to cope with it yourself.
Approximate arrangement of parts in a microwave oven
Sometimes the microwave does not heat up due to a faulty fuse in the magnetron power circuit. It is not present in all models, but it can cause the magnetron to not work. This fuse is sometimes installed openly, but most often in a protective casing (see not the photo), since it stands in a high-voltage circuit.
High-voltage fuses in microwave ovens can be in a protective cover
It consists of a glass flask with metal caps installed at the edges. There is a spring-loaded wire inside, soldered from one end to the contact of the cap. Unlike conventional fuses, the wire does not burn out in this. During long-term operation, the solder heats up and softens, the spring force spreads the contacts.
High voltage fuse structure
If the fuse does not ring and an open circuit is visually visible, there are two ways to solve the problem - replace it or restore the soldering. To restore the high-voltage fuse, you must carefully remove the metal cap on the side from which the wire was soldered off, solder it in place. Put the cap back in place and check if it is heating up or not.
There are several damages associated with the magnetron. Let's start again with the simplest thing - weak contacts. The wires from the filament winding of the transformer come to the terminals (to the connector) of the magnetron. They must be removed with difficulty. The heat may have worsened the contact. It can be improved by additionally crimping the contacts with pliers.
Sometimes the microwave does not heat up due to damage to the magnetron antenna cap. If the cap is just blackened or there is a solidified drop of metal on it, but there are no extra holes, it is necessary to clean everything to pure metal, make the surface even. You need to work with fine sandpaper. We achieve the maximum effect - everything should be even / smooth, preferably to a mirror finish. But don't rub the metal to the holes. Upon completion of the work, carefully remove all the dust. The best way to do this is a vacuum cleaner.
Antenna cap is damaged
If the cap is melted - as in the photo above, you need to make sure that the magnetron itself is not damaged and there is a vacuum in the middle. To do this, carefully remove the cap and inspect what is under it. If the metal is intact, you can simply replace the cap.If not, you will have to change the magnetron, but at the same time you need to think about the advisability of such a repair - the price of this spare part is high, perhaps you just need to buy a new furnace.
How to replace the magnetron cap? It is very difficult to find it on sale - it costs a penny, selling it is unprofitable. There is an option - to grind on a lathe. If this method does not suit you, you can make a suitable size from an old electrolytic capacitor.
Old damaged cap and a new one from the capacitor
We select an element of a suitable diameter, cut off the desired piece of the body, carefully drill a hole in the center. All measurements must be perfect. After that, we clean the body with the finest emery paper and polish: the quality of the microwave depends on the conductivity of the cap. We put the finished cap in place, check the work.
If you nevertheless decide to replace the magnetron, then take it with you to the store. The new one must match in terms of power output, the antenna must be the same length, and the mounting lugs must also be located in the same place and on the same side. Only then can it be installed in place of the old one.
From the side of the chamber, the exit of the waveguide is covered with a plate of mica. Sometimes the microwave does not heat up due to the fact that carbon deposits have formed in it and the waves simply cannot overcome this obstacle. Also, due to such damage during operation, sparks and something similar to lightning or even fire may appear.
Darkening is visible on the mica plate
In this case, remove the plate by unscrewing the screws (two to eight pieces). If there are no irreparable changes (no hole), you can try to clean up the blackened place. We take fine sandpaper and gently clean everything off. We carefully remove the dust (you can use a vacuum cleaner), put the plate in place. To make sure everything works, you can turn it upside down.
If there is a hole in the plate, it is best to replace it. This spare part is on sale, in stores they know about mica for microwave ovens. Put the new plate in place (you may need to drill holes for the fasteners) and check. If the microwave does not heat the food because of this, everything should work.
If the microwave stops heating, everything turns on, buzzes, spins, but the food remains cold, perhaps it's the condenser. We take a tester and test it. We put it in the resistance measurement mode.
Microwave condenser
If during measurement it shows an open circuit - it is inoperative, if it shows a small resistance - it is also under replacement, since it is broken. Only if, when touching the capacitor, the arrow "flies away" to infinity - it is in a normal state.
Checking a high-voltage diode is not an easy task, therefore most often it is simply replaced. It doesn't cost that much to be a problem. Naturally, the parameters of the new part must match.