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Follow the link to read how to do tuning yourself for this VAZ model.
Before touching on the general issues of diagnostics of the control system, it is worth getting to know the controller lamp
If a malfunction occurs while driving, the controller will determine it, notify the driver using "CHECK ENGINE", while saving the necessary codes about the nature of the malfunction in its memory. With their help, the process of diagnosis and subsequent repair of the fuel injection system will be facilitated. It is the controller that is able to coordinate the operation of the VAZ sensors and systems that are part of the general composition of all fuel injection units.
A few words about the DST-2M digital tester.
With its help, diagnostics of the injection engine management system is carried out. It is worth remembering that only a competent specialist makes the correct diagnosis. No matter how an inexperienced mechanic strives to automate the process of diagnosing a car, having the necessary tools available, he will not be able to do this without certain skills, which can aggravate an already difficult situation in some cases.
The diagnostics includes the following actions:
check in the fuel supply system, the operability of all sensors, actuators and the ignition system;
reading codes from faults;
compression measurement;
data control of the entire control system.
As soon as the diagnostics of the injector is carried out, then the whole range of necessary services becomes clear if it is associated with a failed electronic system that is responsible for the engine's performance.
The controller receives the necessary information from the sensors, then makes calculations: based on them, it independently gives commands to the actuators. Such a device is quite reliable. One problem: he is afraid of large surges in on-board voltage. This can happen when the generator malfunctions or the starter is stuck when the engine is running, sometimes the process of "lighting" another car or the use of a low-quality starting charger is to blame.
As soon as malfunctions occur,
The injectors are switched on in pairs, but this depends on the type of the controller itself. An interesting fact is when pairs of injectors tend to turn on alternately, after about 180 ° from the turn of the crankshaft. This is called double synchronous injection, but sequential operation is possible. An idle spark is provided for the system: 16-valve motors are an exception. They are already equipped with personal ignition coils, and for each of the spark plugs.
This process takes place as follows: high-voltage pulses are supplied to a specific pair, and the formation of a working spark occurs in the cylinder at the compression stroke and at the outlet. Otherwise, an idle spark is formed. In this case, a small amount of energy is required for the cylinder on the exhaust stroke, and the rest of it is used by the compression stroke. This is how the process of ensuring normal sparking, unhindered ignition of the fuel mixture takes place. The whole process can be repeated if the cylinders decide to switch roles unexpectedly.
The controller controls not only the fuel supply, but also the energy storage time, the ignition moment. This concerns the crankshaft speed in idle mode, uninterrupted operation of the electric fuel pump, tachometer and a warning lamp located on the VAZ instrument panel, the cooling system, the compressor clutch of the cabin air conditioner. The device generates certain high-speed signals to the trip computer, regulates fuel consumption, maintains the required stereochemical ratio (gasoline-air as 1: 14.7).
Problem : the car worked properly all day, drove more than a dozen kilometers around the city. I stood in the garage on vacation for several hours. The owner decided to leave again on business, but could not start. It seemed that something was grabbing, but then it went deaf. I had to unscrew the candles, which were thoroughly wet, and put the ones I had just bought in their place. And bummer again! I had to check the timing belt: it turned out to be normal, removed the battery, examined it for a failure. I checked the gasoline pump: that one is also in order. There is a return line, fuel too, but the car does not want to start.
Advice : heat candles, screw in hot, try to start. If the result is negative, then it can be assumed that the fuel was filled with low-quality gasoline; purge the engine with the module off, and add a little oil to the cylinders; carefully inspect the wire near the sensor: it often breaks in this place. The terminal area is a vulnerable spot. Try to touch, a spark should slip through.
The injection system of the VAZ 2109 includes a certain set of sensors that collect information about the state and mode of the engine. Let's get to know them.
DMRV - mass air flow sensor
It is installed on the air filter housing. Measures the amount of air drawn in from the outside by the engine. Parameters - kg / hour. This device is considered reliable, but it has an enemy - moisture, which is absorbed along with the air. Infringement of his work is indicated by overestimated readings at low speeds, by about 15 - 25%.
Such actions lead to fluctuations in engine operation only at idle speed. But it is also possible to stop after triple power modes or problems with starting.But understated readings lead to a complete "dullness" of the engine or an increase in fuel consumption. If, by default, air at idle speed should be consumed within 10 kg / h, then at 3000 rpm for 1 minute no more than 32 kg / h.
Throttle position sensor
This device is installed on the side, on the throttle pipe, approximately on the same axis with the drive. Its work consists in reading readings from the gas pedal. The main enemies of this sensor are considered to be engine washers, as suppliers of unnecessary moisture. The service life becomes unpredictable when exposed to water ingress. Violations appear when growls and dips begin at idle, even with light loads.
Coolant temperature sensor
Located between the thermostat and the head of the block, it has 2 contacts. Do not confuse it with the adjacent one-contact temperature sensor. The main function is to determine the temperature of the engine: the colder it is, the richer the fuel mixture.
Such a device is also called a thermistor or resistor, the change in resistance of which depends on many factors. The coolant temperature influences the control characteristics of the engine. Despite the fact that such a device is reliable, it sometimes suffers from a number of malfunctions: disruption of electrical contact inside the sensor itself, breakdown of insulation or a broken wire next to it or a gas cable.
Failure of the coolant temperature sensor - If you turn on the fan on a cold engine, the instrument may fail. At the same time, you will experience difficulties when you need to start a warmed-up engine or fuel consumption will be slightly higher than planned.
Installed on the engine block, directly between 2 and 3 cylinders. Manufacturers offer a choice of 2 sensor options - broadband (tablet) or resonant (barrel). Reliable, but requires constant cleaning of the connector.
The principle of operation is the same as for piezo ignition: the stronger the blow, the more voltage. His job is to track the knocking knocks in the engine. Failure, possible breakage of the device is manifested in the fact that the engine "dulls", and the fuel consumption exceeds the reasonable limits.
The manufacturers found a place for him on the exhaust pipe of the muffler. This is a serious, very reliable electrochemical device in operation, capable of determining the presence of oxygen residues in gases that have had time to work out.
The principle is simple: if oxygen is present, then the fuel mixture is lean, the oxygen mixture in the "No" mode is rich. According to the readings of the sensor, it is judged what adjustment should be made for the fuel supply.
In this case, it is strictly forbidden to use leaded gasoline. If the oxygen device fails, then expect high fuel consumption with a simultaneous increase in harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
Designed for pulse formation, when the number of pulses should not exceed the limit set aside for the high-speed auto mode in a unit of time. Installed on top of the gearbox. These six-pulse speed sensors inform the controller about the current vehicle speed.
Reliability is average due to constant oxidation of the connector or wires. Failure usually results in a slight degradation in driving performance.
Crankshaft position sensor
It is required to generate a specific electrical signal if the angular position of the toothed disk, which is installed on the cover of the oil pump in the area of the crankshaft of your 2109 engine, has changed. Its readings control the operation of the cylinder during fuel supply, sparks.
It looks like a piece of magnet with a coil of thin wire. Hardy enough, works together with the crankshaft toothed pulley. If the device fails, then wait for the engine to stop or speed limitation.
This auto phase sensor is designed to detect the degree of the camshaft angle. On an eight-valve engine, it is installed at the end of the block head, not far from the air filter, and on a sixteen-valve engine, near the first cylinder in the same place.
In units manufactured before 2005, our sensor is generally absent. This means only one thing: the nozzles open in pair and parallel mode. Failure to operate transfers the fuel supply to the synchronous mode, which is highly undesirable, since you will have to constantly fill the fuel tank.
Air temperature sensor
Fits directly into the MAF sensor. Started in 2005. Since then, it has been modernized several times, differs in the number of (5) wires. If there are fewer of them, then this is not the device in question.
Works in conjunction with other devices, its purpose is clear from the name. If the history of the VAZ 2109 brand began a little earlier, then you should not judge the designers for the fact that someone coped well with the management without additional funds.
It is not uncommon to remove the nozzles on a VAZ 2109 injection car. You can contact a car service, where they will do everything for your money, or do the work with your own hands, gaining invaluable experience and saving an impressive part of your own budget. The choice is yours.
You cannot start a conversation about instructions for removing injectors without first talking about the location of the object you are looking for.
The nozzles of VAZ 2109 cars are located on the fuel rail. There are 4 of them in total. This is because each injector atomizes fuel to one individual cylinder. Since the nine has four cylinders, we conclude that the number of injectors is logical.
There are several signs that indicate the need to at least remove and check the condition of the fuel nozzles. Further, a decision is already made to clean or replace the elements.
Pay attention to the behavior of your car and specifically the engine. They will tell you if something is wrong with the injectors. This can manifest itself as follows:
The engine produces less power, the same acceleration efficiency is not felt;
With poor engine performance, lack of power, fuel consumption still increases;
Poor start-up is not an uncommon sign of injector failure;
If the engine does not hold idle speed well, sprayers may well be the reason;
The amount of toxic components in the exhaust gases increases;
The idle speed increases.
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Now let's talk specifically about how to properly remove and replace old nozzles, which have lost their usefulness, with new units.
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The dismantling process for each of the 4 nozzles is identical, so there will be no difference in the process.
Perhaps the most problematic step in replacing or cleaning injectors is removing the fuel rail. Therefore, we will separately tell you how this knot is removed.
The fuel rail is the rail on which the injectors are mounted. It is fixed with a pair of bolts on the intake pipe. To the left of the ramp is the fuel pressure control fitting. To remove it, you need:
Disconnect the negative terminal from the battery. Nobody needs short circuits;
Relieve pressure in the fuel line;
Remove the air filter and disconnect the hose of the inlet pipe, then dismantle the vacuum hose of the pressure regulator;
Disconnect the supply block of wires from the idle speed sensor. To do this, simply squeeze the pad lock, made of plastic;
Disconnect the block with the wires coming from the injectors;
Disconnect the drain and supply hoses from the fuel pipes;
Unscrew a pair of mounting bolts on which the fuel rail is attached to the intake pipe;
The fuel pipes are held in place by a special holder, which requires unscrewing one fastening screw;
Remove the fuel rail by sliding it along the axis of the fuel nozzles. So they will come out of their seat on the intake pipe;
Assembly is carried out in reverse order.
Please note that there are washers under the fuel rail mounting bolts, which must be returned to their place during the reassembly process or replaced with similar new ones.
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The first step is to remove the fuel rail from your vehicle.
Then the ramp is laid on a flat surface, after which the block of wires is disconnected from the damaged injector. To remove it, you need to squeeze the spring retaining bracket and then detach the shoe.
Using a screwdriver, slide the metal clip towards the fuel rail. It serves to fix the fuel spray. For some reason, many remove the retainer completely. There is no need for this. Just slide it a little to the side.
Take the nozzle in your hand and shake it slightly to the sides. So it should get out of the fuel rail without any problems.
At the same time, be sure to check the current state of the O-rings of the fuel injector housing.
The O-ring of the atomizing element of the nozzle is checked in the same way. To do this, you need to pry both rings with a screwdriver and see if they are worn out.
In the case of fuel injectors, it is not necessary to change the O-rings when replacing the nozzles themselves if they are in good condition. Only if you intend to reuse them, be sure to lubricate the rings with oil before installing. Motorized, of course.
When the nozzle is removed and the rings are replaced (or the old ones are left), you can begin to install new devices. The procedure is carried out in reverse order.
Insert the sprayer into the hole on the fuel rail, secure with the clip.
Replace the block with wires, install the fuel rail in its rightful place.
Replacing injectors is not always the only and rational way to restore the performance of fuel injectors. Try cleaning them. This business is not difficult, but the savings are impressive. .
There are two ways to clean fuel nozzles, each with its own nuances. Choose for yourself which one you like more or is more affordable, given the available funds.
The injector is rapidly replacing the carburetor type of engine - with the advent of on-board computers, it became possible to install injectors on almost every car. What is the difference between the VAZ 21093 injector and the carburetor under the hood? This is what we have to find out.
Serial production of VAZ 21093 cars began in the late 80s. At that time, the VAZ was produced only with a carburetor type of engine. The main difference between this car model and its predecessor VAZ 2108 was the presence of 5 doors, so it began to be considered a family car.
The release of the VAZ 21093 with an injector began in 2000, when the so-called electronic brains appeared - primitive on-board computers that control all the electronic processes in the operation of the car. The presence of connectors allows a car service to diagnose the car and identify malfunctions without digging into the insides of the car. The on-board computer can see malfunctions of sensors, repeaters, headlights, ignition systems, engine problems.
Since 2012, another advantage has appeared in the VAZ 21093 car - an electronic gas pedal, which is a pleasure to press! The driver does not need to make almost any effort - just put your foot on the pedal to start the car.
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The car 21093 with an injector has proven itself very well in the domestic market, primarily due to its affordable price. In terms of comfort, it surpasses the previous models of the release and has a more striking design. The car has front-wheel drive, due to its shape it has increased durability on the track.The engine in the injection car is a four-cylinder, with 8 valves, a volume of 1.3–1.5 liters and an engine power of 75 liters. With.
Compared to carbureted cars, injection cars consume less fuel for the same section of the road. With good quality gasoline and an average speed of 90–110 km / h, the consumption of the VAZ 21093 is 6.5–7.5 liters per 100 km. Such fuel consumption is achieved not only due to the presence of an injector, but also due to the weight of the car, as well as the reduced energy consumption of various auto devices.
The speedometer for this car brand is 160 km / h, but it is not recommended to accelerate it more than 140 km / h - the car blows, unpleasant vibration and rattling occur. An injector in a car is one of the most key devices. This part consists of a fuel rail for injectors, an intake manifold, and electronic sensors that execute commands from electronic brains. The principle of operation of the injector lies in the uniform supply of fuel to each of the cylinders.
This work is carried out by supplying fuel through the nozzles, which are responsible for fuel injection. The intake manifold is a device through which ambient air flows. The throttle valve controls the air supply to the manifold, it opens when you press the gas pedal.
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Quite often, a situation arises when an injection vehicle starts poorly or does not start at all. The reasons for this work can be dirty candles from low-quality fuel, problems in the operation of the generator, starter, insufficient current in the battery. The main malfunction is a low fuel supply to the injector frame, respectively, an insufficient amount of fuel is sprayed by the injectors.
The fuel pump is responsible for supplying fuel to the injector; it may not produce the pressure that is necessary for the normal operation of the car engine. In this case, it is best to replace the pump. If the reason is not a pump breakdown, then it will be enough to replace the filter in it. Another common cause of malfunction is failure of one or more injector nozzles. ... Low-quality fuel, which sometimes, against our will, enters the system, contains various additives that are deposited on the injectors and prevent proper operation.
When the injectors become dirty, the fuel consumption in the car increases noticeably, and the car's traction decreases. If the fuel is not supplied in the amount that is needed for the engine to work, then the revolutions begin to float on the tachometer. In all VAZ injection vehicles, the average idle speed of the engine should not exceed 900 rpm.
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Cleaning a car injector is not a complicated and not long process. Partial cleaning of the injector nozzles can be done at home, armed with some tools and flushing fluid. Such cleaning is more than enough at the initial stage, it is recommended to carry out it for prophylaxis and preferably once every 10,000 km of run.
A more complete cleaning can be performed in a specialized car service. At the stand, they will wash your injectors, as well as carry out computer diagnostics of your car as a whole.
If you decide to clean your car's injector yourself, then buy a chemical liquid that is available at any car dealership. When buying, you should pay attention to the instructions for use. It is also recommended to replace the rubber sealing rings on the nozzles when cleaning. A repair kit for such rings is inexpensive and available to everyone.
Before removing the injector, remove the terminals on the battery, then take the necessary keys and unscrew the intake manifold. In some vehicle modifications, it is not always necessary to remove the manifold to clean the injectors. After that, disconnect the electronic chips that are attached to the injectors by swinging them left and right.Pull out the fuel rail with injectors and carefully disconnect them.
Then follow the instructions on the can of flushing liquid, after all the procedures, reassemble everything in the reverse order. In some cases, it is necessary to replace the filters inside the nozzles. For a complete cleaning of the injector, do not forget about cleaning the throttle valve. It is desirable to perform it once every 5000 km of run.
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This site will help you repair and maintain your VAZ 2109 or VAZ 2108 car on your own without contacting a service station.
In each section you will find a lot of useful information on repair with detailed step-by-step instructions and photo reports of the work performed.
If you have questions in a particular topic, you can ask them in a suitable article, and the readers of the resource will try to help in solving your problem.
This material will be useful to all owners of VAZ 2109, 2108 and 21099 cars with injection engines, since it is on such models that the crankshaft position sensor is installed from the factory. DPKV is the part that you should have in stock ...
In case of sufficiently strong wear or uneven development of the front brake discs, they must be replaced with new ones, since the braking efficiency of the car is significantly reduced. Of course, there are special workshops in which you can grind the surface of the discs if there are scars, deep grooves on it ...
Today in car stores you can find a fairly large number of different models of starters. Of course, they can differ both in design and fastening, and in price, depending on the manufacturer. Below will be presented the main models of starters for the VAZ 2109-2108, as well as ...
A fairly common question that covers not only VAZ 2109-2108 cars, but probably all VAZs as a whole, since problems with starting the engine are quite common and similar machines. Of course, the topic is hackneyed, but to get an answer to your question, why ...
Another question that worries many owners of the VAZ 2109: why does the engine speed float at idle? There can be no unequivocal answer, like for many other questions. But you can give some recommendations and tips for finding and fixing these problems. On the …
If you have been familiar with cars for a long time and you often had to service them yourself, then you probably know that spark plugs should not be oiled, have black deposits or deposits. Moreover, one can even say that the symptoms listed above may speak ...
Often, the owners of VAZ 2109-2108 cars have problems in which the steering wheel begins to beat. And this can be especially evident at a more or less high speed. For example, at 60 km / h everything is still fine, but closer to 90-100 km / h the steering wheel starts ...
On domestic cars, especially experienced owners have this expression: "The engine eats oil." I think that it is unnecessary to say here once again that increased oil consumption is by no means a normal phenomenon. Of course, if a completely new motor starts to eat ...
Many owners of the VAZ 2109 injector engine faced a problem when the engine does not pick up speed. The "nines" were equipped with an 8-valve injection engine from a VAZ 2108. Therefore, they have the same problems, as well as methods of elimination.
Structurally, the VAZ 2109 injector engine is a modified version of the 2108 carburetor power unit. The engine has four cylinders and eight valves. The design of the motor is simple enough that it will allow you to diagnose and repair the engine yourself.
Before proceeding directly to the consideration of the issue of repair, it is worth determining what reasons can cause such a malfunction as not gaining speed. So, let's consider the main causes of the malfunction:
Bad fuel.
Malfunction of the ignition system.
Incorrect air / fuel mixture formation.
Piston group.
Sensors and electronic motor control unit.
The main reason that the engine may not pick up speed is the formation of an air / fuel mixture. So, the engine receives the wrong ratio of gasoline and air, which affects the operation of the power unit and the combustion mixture does not spin the crankshaft enough, which drives the wheels.
Consider the basic diagnostic operations and repair methods.
First of all, it is necessary to understand what quality of gasoline is poured into the system and whether it is possible for it to burn properly and completely. This will determine not only whether the crankshaft can spin up, but also whether the power system is clogged.
Usually, the main indicator of the quality of gasoline is the condition of the fuel filter. If it clogs up too often, then it is recommended to change the fuel supplier. To fix the problem, it is necessary to clean the entire fuel supply system, from the fuel tank to the injectors. Also, it is worth diagnosing and cleaning the piston group, where, most likely, the pistons already have carbon deposits.
Repeatedly, the reason that the engine is not picking up speed well was the ignition unit. Malfunctioning spark plugs or high-voltage wires are a direct sign of problems of a different nature. Diagnostic operations are quite simple. The spark plugs are unscrewed and inspected for cracks and carbon deposits.
If there is no visible damage, then it is worth checking the performance on a special candle stand. If inoperable candles are found, it recommends replacing them, having previously set a gap.
High-voltage wires are removed from the vehicle and checked with a tester. If the resistance is more or less than 5 ohms, then here it is - the reason.
It should be borne in mind that the BB wires must be changed in sets.
To form an air-fuel mixture, two things are needed - fuel and air. In this context, clogging of one of the systems will lead to the fact that the combustible mixture will not form correctly, which will affect the operation of the power unit.
As for the clogged injection system, it is often the injectors. Usually, it is enough to simply clean the elements to fix the malfunction, but not always. It so happens that the nozzles are too clogged and the elements will need to be replaced. Many motorists do not know that this part is collapsible and that it is enough to change the nozzles, which have a much lower price.
Blockage of the air supply system occurs when the unit is not serviced in a timely manner. The first place to look is the air filter. In this context, not enough air enters the engine cylinders, which leads to incomplete combustion of gasoline, kinetics that is not enough to press the pistons enough and spin the crankshaft.
The next item to check is the throttle valve. A clogged or jammed element can lead to the above-described effect. You can clean the assembly yourself using a conventional carburetor cleaner.
Repeatedly, carbon deposits in the piston group became the cause of engine malfunction. You can eliminate it with the help of special automotive chemicals or folk methods. But, as practice shows, this is not for long, and the engine has to be overhauled. Also, it is worth noting that carbon deposits will be not only on the piston group, but also on the valves.
A combination of factors can become the underlying cause of malfunction and the feasibility of overhaul.
The only element that is almost impossible to diagnose at home is electronics. So, a malfunction of one of the sensors or malfunctions of the electronic engine control unit will lead to improper operation of the motor. To diagnose and fix the malfunction, you need to contact a specialist.
Often, many motor owners turn to a tuner to carry out chip tuning of the VAZ 2109 engine. This will eliminate the flaws in the factory firmware, as well as reduce consumption or increase the power of the power unit.
Finding and fixing the malfunction of not gaining speed in the VAZ 2109 engine injector is quite simple with your own hands. This will require basic knowledge of vehicle design, as well as a minimum set of tools.
Video (click to play).
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