Vaz 21213 do-it-yourself instrument panel repair

VAZ-2121 "Niva" is a four-seater off-road passenger car. Produced by the Volzhsky Automobile Plant.

The VAZ-2121 "Niva" car is a design development of JSC "AVTOVAZ". Produced since 1977. This is a vehicle for off-road driving, traveling to hard-to-reach places, hunting and fishing trips. The folding rear seat allows you to place and carry a variety of goods. The tailgate floor-level connector provides convenient loading and unloading.

"Niva" is a cross-country vehicle with a permanent non-disconnectable drive of all wheels with a center differential lock and a transfer case with a lowering row. The car had a very progressive design, combining excellent off-road qualities with the comfort of a passenger car, and had practically no analogues at that time. It has been successfully exported to many countries. The car became one of the first representatives of the now so popular "parquet" SUVs.

Body - all-metal, load-bearing, three-door, equipped with seat belts. Front seats - with head restraints, adjustable in length and backrest tilt, recline forward. The rear seat folds down to increase the luggage compartment. On request, the car is equipped with an electrically heated rear window, a cleaner and a rear window washer.

Another feature of this unique machine was the use of passenger car assemblies. So, its engine was created on the basis of 2106, the gearbox and rear axle are also borrowed from this car. Despite this, the "Niva" has a cross-country ability, unique for such a machine.

The car was equipped with a 4-speed gearbox with synchronizers in forward gears, or a 5-speed gearbox. The transfer case is a two-stage one with a center differential with forced locking. The cardan drive consists of an intermediate cardan shaft and cardan shafts for driving the front and rear axles.

The front suspension is independent, on transverse swinging arms, with coil springs, hydraulic shock absorbers and an anti-roll bar. The rear suspension is dependent, with coil springs, hydraulic shock absorbers, four longitudinal and one transverse rods.

Since the start of production, modifications have been produced with an in-line four-cylinder carbureted gasoline engine with a volume of 1.6 liters. The modification 21211, which appeared later with a 1.3 liter engine, was not successful.

As a result of the modernization of 1993, a new model "Taiga" was born, which was assigned the index "VAZ-21213". This is a four-seater off-road passenger car with permanent non-disconnectable all-wheel drive. It's hard to believe that there are 16 years between these modifications. During these years, the plant made almost no changes to the design of the 2121. And the changes made in the 21213 model are more cosmetic than technical.

Externally, the new car is distinguished by a modified rear part of the body. 21213 has a "long" third door to the bumper and new taillights. It has become much easier to load anything into the luggage compartment. The lock disappeared from the back door, which was constantly clogged with dirt. It can only be opened from the salon. True, the location of the handle that opens the trunk under the elbow of the rear left passenger is difficult to call successful: you have to act “by touch”. The bumpers are now painted light gray, which is more practical than the old unpainted aluminum.

The cabin has a new panel, new seats, new facings. The instrument panel is the same as that of the VAZ-21083 model. Only now the glare from it illuminates the windshield at night. The new seats are also made in the image and likeness of the "eight". They are more comfortable and more modern than the previous ones. But the mechanism, which folds the backrest for the passage of the rear passenger and moves the seat forward, is not reliable - after fifty operations it fails, due to distortions that have appeared, the back does not want to get into place. The rear plastic panels creak and squeak from light pressure. But now there is a pocket in the sidewall next to the left rear passenger.

The engine has been updated too. The working volume is increased to 1700 cm. A contactless ignition system and a Solex carburetor are used. An invisible but very significant improvement is the new shape of the combustion chamber. Modification of the engine along with changes in the transmission allowed to significantly reduce fuel consumption.

The transmission of the new car has a five-speed gearbox and main gears with a gear ratio of 3.9. Reinforced crosspieces are used. Their size changed and grease fittings appeared. In the transfer case drive - CV joint. Its purpose is to reduce vibration and transmission noise.

The brake system uses a vacuum booster and a master cylinder from the "eight". The effort on the pedals has decreased, but the wheel now lies "upside down" and nothing can be put into it. In addition, the procedure for adjusting the steering gear has become incredibly complicated - now you can only crawl up to it with a crooked screwdriver. The exhaust system has new mufflers. Their bodies are not welded, but rolled, like those of the machines of the “eighth” family.

For the external market, a modification of the VAZ-21214 with central fuel injection was produced. In the "standard" version - VAZ-21214-00. This car is a design development of JSC "AVTOVAZ" with a permanent non-disconnectable drive of all wheels with a center differential lock and a transfer case with a lowering row.

The model range of JSC AVTOVAZ also included the temporarily produced transitional modification 21219 - a combination of the old body 2121 and the engine with transmission 21213. On request, the cars can be equipped with a 1.9-liter Peugeot diesel engine (VAZ-21215).

Note
Regardless of the modification of the instrument cluster (until 2009), the search and troubleshooting algorithm is approximately the same.
Electronic instrument cluster (after 2009) not repairable, with the exception of replacement of indicator lamps and instrument lighting. The components of the instrument cluster are not supplied with spare parts, therefore, in the event of a failure of one of the instruments, the instrument cluster must be replaced as a complete unit.

All control devices of the car are combined in the instrument cluster. It includes: speedometer with trip meter, coolant temperature gauge, fuel level gauge, tachometer, warning lights.

Since 2009, an electronic instrument cluster borrowed from the Samara-2 family has been installed on Lada Niva 4 × 4 cars. It includes an electronic speedometer and tachometer, a liquid crystal display of the total and daily mileage counter (odometer), a liquid crystal display of hours and ambient temperature, a coolant temperature indicator, a fuel level indicator, twelve warning indicators and six backlight lamps. The operation of the devices is controlled by the electronic module, which receives signals from the sensors. Indicators of temperature and fuel level - electromagnetic type. The tachometer and speedometer hands are driven by stepper motors.

Instrument panel wiring harness connection diagram (after 2009)

Connection diagram of a combination of devices of release since 1996. (inside view)

1 - tachometer;
2 - voltage stabilizer;
3 - a lamp of illumination of a combination of devices;
4 - an indicator of the coolant temperature;
5 - fuel level indicator;
6 - control lamp of the engine control system;
7 - control lamp for heating the rear window;
8 - a control lamp of a fog light;
9 - control lamp for high beam headlights;
10 - control lamp for outdoor lighting;
11 - indicator lamp for direction indicators;

12 - control lamp of the storage battery charge;
13 - control lamp for brake fluid level;
14 - control lamp for oil pressure;
15 - differential lock control lamp;
16 - control lamp for fuel reserve;
17 - warning lamp for seat belts;
18 - control lamp of the parking brake;
D1, D2 - diodes IN4002;
R1 - resistor 470 Ohm, 0.25 W;
R2 is a 51 Ohm resistor, 5 W.

The coolant temperature gauge works in conjunction with a sensor screwed into the cylinder head. A thermistor is installed in the sensor (a resistor that changes its resistance depending on temperature).

Data for checking the coolant temperature gauge sensor

Depending on the year of manufacture, various types of instrument panels were installed on the domestic SUV. Until about 1998, Niva 4x4 were equipped with instrument combinations made in Hungary, and after Avtopribor LLC (Vladimir and Podolsk). Let's consider the features of these panels in the diagrams.

Block X1 (red or orange)

Block X2 (white or other color, except red / orange)

To terminal “15” of the ignition switch

High beam indicator lamp

Low voltage tachometer input

To gab. lighting (control lamp)

To instrument lighting regulator

To terminal “15” of the ignition switch

High voltage tachometer input

To alarm switch

To terminal “50” of the ignition switch (starter)

To the parking brake warning lamp switch

Fog lamp warning lamp

Rear window heating control lamp

To differential lock sensor

To the emergency oil pressure sensor

To the brake fluid level sensor

To coolant temperature sensor

Hungarian instrument cluster up to 1996 (rear view), each instrument has a separate black plate with a scale:

Hungarian instrument cluster Niva 2121 Niva 2121 instrument cluster diagram

1 - connector block with conditional numbering of plugs; 2 - tachometer; 3 - voltage stabilizer; 4 - a lamp of illumination of a combination of devices; 5 - an indicator of the coolant temperature; 6 - fuel level indicator; 7 - resistor 470 Ohm, 0.25 W; 8 - resistor 36 Ohm, 5 W; 9 - control lamp of the toxicity reduction system; 10 - control lamp for heating the rear window; 11 - a control lamp of a fog light; 12 - control lamp for high beam headlights; 13 - control lamp for outdoor lighting; 14 - indicator lamp for direction indicators; 15 - voltmeter; 16 - control lamp for brake fluid level; 17 - diode IN4002; 18 - control lamp for oil pressure; 19 - differential lock control lamp; 20 - control lamp for fuel reserve; 21 - warning lamp for seat belts; 22 - parking brake warning lamp.

The Hungarian dashboard was installed from 1996-1998 (rear view), each device has a separate black plate with a scale:

1 - tachometer; 2 - voltage stabilizer; 3 - a lamp of illumination of a combination of devices; 4 - an indicator of the coolant temperature; 5 - fuel level indicator; 6 - control lamp of the toxicity reduction system; 7 - control lamp for heating the rear window; 8 - a control lamp of a fog light; 9 - control lamp for high beam headlights; 10 - control lamp for outdoor lighting; 11 - indicator lamp for direction indicators; 12 - voltmeter; 13 - control lamp for brake fluid level; 14 - control lamp for oil pressure; 15 - differential lock control lamp; 16 - control lamp for fuel reserve; 17 - warning lamp for seat belts; 18 - control lamp of the parking brake; D1, D2 - diodes IN4002; R1 - resistor 470 Ohm, 0.25 W; R2 is a 51 Ohm resistor, 5 W.

Vladimirskaya or Podolsk dashboard has been installed since 1998. All instruments are scaled on one black plate:

Vladimir Niva 2121 instrument cluster Niva 2121 instrument cluster diagram

Recall that on the site you can find reports on the completion or repair of a domestic SUV.

With the speedometer, it's a little more complicated: when the car is standing, the arrow lies on the limiter and shows 10 km / h. You need to proceed as follows: start putting on the arrow so that it points to zero, then turn it along with the axis clockwise to bypass the limiter, and fit to the end.

Before removing the gearbox from the torpedo opening, turn off the ignition or remove the terminal from the battery! , To assemble the gearbox, remove it and undock the connectors.

Assembly and installation of a combination of devices

Gearbox assembly and installation is carried out upside-down. The nuances that you need to pay attention to are indicated below.

Make sure the ignition is off or the battery terminal is removed!

When connecting the backlight loop, you need to make sure that there is no short circuit between the metal strips of the loop, otherwise it will be, as in the article The instrument cluster backlight went out.

It is difficult to confuse the connectors: they are different colors, but it is possible because they are the same in shape.

Handle the speedometer cable carefully and avoid sharp bends. There were several cases when the central core of the cable broke after removing and installing the instrument cluster.

Place the CP in the opening of the torpedo so that it is in the middle.

Place the plastic sleeves for the self-tapping screws of the frame (the sleeve is shown by the arrow) against the middle of the holes in the brackets:

Dress the framing like this: from the normal position, tilt it slightly away from you, insert the upper edge into the torpedo latches, then lower it and screw it down with self-tapping screws.

At the Vladimir KP, the printed conductor often burns out, through which power is supplied from contact A2 to the tachometer and the bulbs of the right (on the driver's side) half of the panel. In this case, the tachometer does not work and the indicated lamps do not light up. The problem is that this conductor is on the invisible side of the main PCB of the PCB. To verify this, use a tester to ring the circuit between pin A2 and the lamp power bus. If this circuit does not ring, simply remove the connector housing (you need to unscrew two self-tapping screws) and solder the conductor between the indicated circuits. This conductor should also ring with the “+” terminal of the tachometer - if necessary, solder another jumper.

The likely reason for this burnout was named in a letter by Cockchafer:
“I was here moving a three-lever switch up the column, as a result, the wires passing normally from it at the bottom of the column were interrupted by the steering column cardan bolt (idiots, not designers: was it not possible to lay right at the top of the column !?). Because of this, the second fuse flew out, but this is all clear and this is all nonsense. The most interesting thing is that when I moved the wires over the column, half of the tidy went out (tachometer and lamps for battery charge, oil pressure and brakes), which is why the generator stopped starting again (also a brilliant thing: tie the generator start to the light bulb burning!). Of course, I thought it was wires again, I climbed everything, but the tidy didn't work.
And the dog rummaged, as it turned out, this is what: due to the network overvoltage, the plus track on the tidy board itself burned out.
Actually, that's why I'm writing: such a troublesome after breaking the wires, probably a pattern, because exactly the same picture was with Dick in his time. "

Another possible reason is the assembly / disassembly of the gearbox with the ignition on. There have been such cases too, so pay attention to the warnings in red.

Another defect in the instrument cluster is described by shs_sf in the article Battery lamp is on. There is no charge, then there is.

Despite the fact that the VAZ-21213 is considered one of the most successful developments of the Volga Automobile Plant, like all mechanisms, it is prone to breakdowns. Moreover, the more mileage a car has, the more actively it begins to break down - this is characteristic not only of the Niva, but also of all other representatives of the domestic auto industry.Therefore, a dilemma very quickly arises - to constantly contact service centers or to learn how to repair VAZ 21213 with your own hands. With sufficient skills and "straight" hands, the latter is not as difficult to do as it seems - the main thing is to have all the necessary tools and accessories at hand.

The most common breakdowns and malfunctions

The most common malfunctions after which a VAZ 21213 Niva repair is required are:

• Clogged carburetor;
• Overheating of the engine;
• Failure of timing chain tensioners and dampers;
• Wear of the elastic clutch of the flush shaft;
• Failure of the checkpoint;
• Increased vibration;
• Wear of CV joints anthers;
• Oxidation of electrical wiring contacts;
• Stove tap leak;
• Body corrosion.

Some of the faults can be eliminated by yourself. For example, you can also clean the terminals from oxidation or install a new boot on the CV joint in your garage. With certain skills, you can also clean the radiator. But it is better to eliminate more serious problems with specialists - here you need certain knowledge, tools and equipment.

Engine problems - what you need to know

The main disease of the VAZ-21213 engine is the carburetor. When using low quality fuel - and such a problem occurs at our gas stations regularly - the carburetor is constantly clogged. If fuel lines and filters are clogged, simply clean them and install new filters if necessary. But if you do not pay attention to this problem for a long time, then very soon the fuel pump will fail and then you will have to change it.

Another problem, and almost impossible to eliminate, is engine overheating. The reason for this is the unsuccessful design of the cooling system, or rather the blowing system. This is especially noticeable on engines that have undergone overhaul, since due to cylinder bore, the baffle becomes thinner and heat transfer increases. You can fight it only by upgrading the airflow system and installing either an additional fan, or replacing it with a more efficient one. But it is impossible not to pay attention to this problem - even novice motorists know what long-term engine overheating is fraught with.

Another problem that requires a VAZ 21213 repair is vibration. Its cause is the failure of one of the transmission elements. There may be several reasons for this:

• Violation of the centering of the transfer case;
• Souring of the propeller shaft cross;
• Biting the SHRUS promval;
• Wear of the elastic clutch of the flush shaft;
• Failure of suspension elements.

As long as all transmission and chassis assemblies are adjusted, vibrations are invisible. But it is worth at least one of the parts to fail - it is immediately felt.

Among other things, the VAZ-21213 has a characteristic disease - a failure of the fifth gear gears. The fact is that this box is a modernized version of the old four-speed gearbox. There is a big flaw here - the ill-conceived design of the lubrication system leads to oil starvation of the fifth gears and they wear out much faster than others - literally after 30-40 thousand kilometers.

There is a joke that the Niva's body begins to rust even before it is bought. This is, of course, an exaggeration, but with the anti-corrosion treatment of metal it is simply a disaster - it really starts to rust very quickly, especially in those places where there is active contact with water: sills, rear door, bumper attachment points, fenders, and so on.

In order to delay the appearance of holes in the body to the maximum, it is necessary to carry out anti-corrosion treatment every year. Considering how we struggle with road icing in winter, the bottom can burn out in literally a year, if it is not processed.

Also, pay close attention to the drainage and ventilation holes - if they become clogged, then moisture and condensation begins to accumulate inside.

If you can repair the VAZ 21213 with your own hands, then reinforce the floor with an additional metal plate in the place where the distributor is attached - due to increased vibration, this area is subject to increased loads and can simply fall off.

Video about body and engine repair VAZ 21213

The VAZ 21213 is the successor to the VAZ 2121 Niva, and was launched in 1994. The addition of a "C" in the index marked a new era for the off-road version of the car, although most of the parts were used from the entire model range of the Togliatti Automobile Plant.

Wiring on Niva: factory color scheme of electrical equipment VAZ 21213

In particular, the car received:

1. The power unit from the VAZ 2106 with a volume increased to 1.7 liters;
2. Two-chamber Solex carburetor;
3. Contactless ignition system on a microcontroller;
4. 5-speed gearbox (modified from VAZ 2121).

For reference: cars of the Niva family have become popular in many countries. A promotional video about their unique off-road qualities, like the cars themselves, can be found in Japan, Brazil, Chile and even in Australia.

First of all, the changes affected the engine management system and control devices. In particular:

1. The wiring diagram for the Niva 21213 received an additional wiring harness in the engine compartment for connecting the microcontroller and sensors;
2. On the Niva model of the last years of production, a more perfect power unit with the VAZ-21214 index is installed. Instead of a carburetor, it has a fuel rail with GM injectors. The price of an injection car has increased because of this;
3. The instrument panel has changed - the design is borrowed from the VAZ 2108 model.

Unification of the instrument panel: LADA NIVA with a panel from VAZ 2108

On the VAZ 21213 engine, a contactless ignition system is used, consisting of:

1. ignition distributor sensor (marking 3810.3706). He is responsible for creating control pulses supplied to the electronic switch;
2. switch (model marking - 3620.3734) in climatic version U2.1 (corresponds to GOST 15150);
3. ignition coils (marking 27.3705).

Electronic switch for VAZ 21213

For reference: this device provides increased sparking energy, which helps to start the engine in cold weather, and also improves the operation of the power unit when operating a car on low-quality fuel.

A modified instrument panel appeared on the car. In particular, instead of a voltmeter, the manufacturer installed a low-discharge battery lamp (in the diagram under No. 12).

Wiring diagram of control lamps and devices VAZ 21213 1997 onwards

Tip: if you often operate a car in off-road conditions, you can buy and connect a voltmeter to the dashboard yourself with your own hands. It is more informative than a warning lamp, and will allow you to determine electrical system faults long before the battery is discharged.

Troubleshooting the ignition system, the factory instructions prescribe to be carried out in the following sequence:

Ignition system: wiring for Niva 21213

1. From the ignition switch (terminal 15), close the wire to the coil (terminal + B) to the test lamp;
2. Connect its negative terminal to ground;
3. Switch on the ignition - turn the key in the lock to position "II";
4. If the test lamp comes on, then the circuit is good. If not, look for wire damage;
5. With the ignition on, pull out the center wire from the coil from the distributor;
6. Bring its metal tip to the cylinder block so that a gap of 3-4 mm is formed between them;
7. Turn on the starter for a few seconds;
8. If the spark jumps, the coil is in good order.

Tip: you can quickly check the switch in one way - take it from a work car. If the car starts with a new switch, then you need to buy a new one.